MCA 2020 SOLVED PAPER

1.0 FILL IN THE BLANKS

1.1 8051 is 8 bit microcontroller.

1.2 The basic element of a memory is latch and flip flop

1.3 EA stands for External access

1.4 The various ways of accessing data from register, or memory is called CPU

1.5 8051 contains 32 no of I/O lines.

2.0 ANSWER ANY FIVE OF THE FOLLOWING

2.1 Define Microprocessor.

ANS. A microprocessor is a programmable electronics chip that has computing

2.2 Draw the block representation of a microcontroller.

ANS.

2.3 Draw RAM memory model.

ANS.
2.4 State the functions of RSI and RS0 in 8051.

ANS.

These two bits are used to select one of four register banks of RAM. By setting and clearing these
bits, registers R0-R7 are stored in one of four banks of RAM as follows

RS1 RS0 BankSelection

0 0 Bank 0

0 1 Bank 1

1 0 Bank 2

1 1 Bank 3

2.5 List the features of 8051.

ANS.

8 bit MCU.
 128 byte of RAM.
 4Kbytes of on Chip ROM.
 8 bit Bidirectional data bus.
 16 bit uni directional address bus
 32 general purpose register.
 Two 16 bit Timer can operate in multiple mode.
 32 I/O pins categorized in 4 different equal size (8 bit each) ports named as
PORT 0, PORT 1,PORT 2 and PORT 3.

2.7 Specify the function of ALE and PSEN in 8051.

ANS.

ALE: This is the address latch enable signal that is used to latch the address for external memory.
PSEN: This is the program store enable signal that is used for accessing the program memory. 17-24.
Address bus: These pins are used for transmitting the address information to the external memory.
3.0 ANSWER ANY TWO OF THE FOLLOWING.

3.1 Draw and explain the format of PSW register in 8051.

ANS.

Parity Bit (P)

This parity flag bit is used to show the number of 1s in the accumulator only. If the accumulator
register contains an odd number of 1s, then this flag set to 1.

If accumulator contains even number of 1s, then this flag cleared to 0.

Overflow Flag (OV)

This flag is set during ALU operations, to indicate overflow in the result. It is set to 1 if there is a carry
out of either the D7 bit or the D6 bit of the accumulator.

Register Bank Select Bits (RS1 And RS0)

These bits are user-programmable. They can be set by the programmer to point to the correct
register banks.

The register bank selection in the programs can be changed using these two bits.

General-Purpose Flag (F0)

This is a user-programmable flag; the user can program and store any bit of his/her choice in this
flag, using the bit address.

Auxiliary Carry Flag (AC)

Carry Flag (CY)

This flag is used to indicate the carry generated after arithmetic operations. It can also be used as an
accumulator, to store one of the data bits for bit-related Boolean instructions.

3.2 Write the function of the following pin in 8051.

a) RST b) XTALI & XTAL 2

ANS.

RST- Reset
It resets the microcontroller and is active low,
meaning that it should constantly be given a
voltage of 5V and if 0 V are given then the
controller is reset.

XTAL1 & XTAL2- These pins are connected to an external oscillator which is
generally a quartz crystal oscillator. They are used to provide an external clock
frequency of 4MHz to 30MHz.

3.3 Write the alternate functions of PORT3 in 8051.

ANS.

4.1 Explain about the I/O ports in 8051.

Ans. All 8051 microcontrollers have 4 I/O ports each comprising 8 bits which can be configured as
inputs or outputs. Accordingly, in total of 32 input/output pins enabling the microcontroller to be
connected to peripheral devices are available for use.
1. Port 0 (P0):

 P0 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.

 It can be used for both input and output operations.

 It is also known as the "Port 0 Latch" because it can be used to latch the lower byte
of the address during external memory interfacing.

 P0 has an additional function as the multiplexed low-order address/data bus during

2. Port 1 (P1):

 P1 is also an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.

 Similar to P0, it can be used for both input and output operations.

 P1 has internal pull-ups, making it suitable for interfacing with switches or other
digital inputs.

 It is commonly used for general-purpose I/O or as address/data bus during external

3. Port 2 (P2):

 P2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups like P1.

 It is often used for general-purpose I/O, and like P0 and P1, it can be used for
interfacing with external devices.

 P2 is also used for interfacing with the 8051's built-in serial communication
hardware (TXD and RXD pins).

4. Port 3 (P3):

 P3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port.

 It is often used for general-purpose I/O, and like P0 and P1, it can be used for
interfacing with external devices.

 P3 has additional functions, including providing a variety of special functions like

 It also has an alternate function as the high-order address bus during external
memory access.