Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24FEB1488

An improved Mini Antenna Designed at 60GHZ for a

New Generation Mobile Phone
Almukhtar Ahmed 1; Walid. M. Allaghi2
1
Electrical & Electronics Dept., Faculty of Engineering Sabratha, Sabratha University, Sabratha- Libya. E-Mail :
2
Higher Institute of Sciences and Technology, Azizia,Libya

Abstract:- Five-generation (5G) communication systems fair trade-off between technological design concerns and
are being required to meet the needs of small, high-speed, commercial criteria—low cost, compact size, radiation,
and big bandwidth systems [2]. This paper simulates and efficiency, antenna gain, broad band performance, and
designs a 60GHZ rectangular micro strip patch antenna. soon—primarily at mill metric wave band, this need
The proposed antenna resonates at 60GHZ with a return generates a number of design obstacles. Rectangular patches,
loss of -32.126 dB, efficiency of 87.7119%, and gain of designed to function at 60 GHz for 5G applications, are used
6.96485 dBi. The patch is 2.726 x 2.364 x 0.125 mm. The as the network feeding element in coplanar micro strep
radiating patch and the 50Ω micro strip feed line are antenna designs.[1,3]
matched using an iset feed transmission line approach. A
Roger RT Duroid 5880 substrate, with a height of II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
0.125mm and a dielectric constant of 2.20 and a loss
tangent of 0.0009, was selected in the design. The Deepa Negia.et.al(2017) “Designing of Microstrip
Advanced Design System (ADS) was used to compute the Patch Antenna at 60 GHz using StriplineFeeding for Defense
antenna's parameters and evaluate the results of Applications” This work presents the design and
simulations. implementation of a 60GHz rectangular microstrip patch
antenna for military applications employing stripline feeding.
I. INTRODUCTION The suggested antenna is built on a 0.04 mm thick duroid
substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.3.For defense
We're living in a time of information technology. We're applications, the 60 GHz frequency is utilized due to its
seeing technological advances we weren't expecting in the extremely secure and interference-resistant characteristics.
past, like mobile communication and cellular telephones. In With a 50 W input impedance and an operating frequency of
addition, we can always be at the same time connected to 60 GHz, the return loss is 24.77dB. The suggested antenna's
friends and relatives through state of the art communication fundamental characteristics, including directivity, gain,
systems like ATMs, credit cards, mobile phones, internet etc. return loss, and electric field, are simulated using the
Improved service, error free and reliable communication, Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio.
reduced transmission losses are among the major advantages
of digital wireless communications systems over analogue Tran Thi Bich Ngoc(2020)” Design Of Microstrip
Wireless Communication. An antenna is a vital element of Patch Antenna For 5g Wireless Communication
communication systems[5]. It is therefore of fundamental Applications” Designing and simulating a microstrip planar
importance to understand their principles, so that a wide antenna for fifth generation (5G) wireless applications is the
variety of antennas can be found, among other things: loop aim of this paper[10]. A 50 Ohm microstrip line supplies
antenna, slot antenna, hlical antenna, random periodic power to the antenna construction, which is constructed on a
antenna, patch antenna etc. . The performance of the antenna low loss RO3003 substrate with a 3.0 relative permittivity.
depends on a number of basic parameters, these design The suggested antenna offered a very broad bandwidth of 2.5
parameters must be taken into account and should allow GHz, a low reflection coefficient of -24.3 dB, a high gain of
adjustments as necessary during the development process in 5.51 dB at 28 GHz (gigahertz) bands, and a generally
respect of the frequency range of operation, polarization, omnidirectional emission pattern. The substrate's thickness
input impedance, radiation patterns, gain or efficiency[1,3]. has altered; depending on the thickness value, the resonance
A common printed resonant antenna for narrow-band frequency can be at either 20/28 GHz or 20/38 GHz, which
microwave wireless communications that call for semi- are both suggested bands for 5G. In this work, industry-
hemispherical coverage is the micro strip patch antenna. The standard software CST Microwave Studio has been used for
micro strip patch antenna has received a lot of attention all simulations.
because of its planar configuration and simplicity of
integration with micro strip technology. It is frequently Ghanendra Kumar and Chakresh Kumar(2020)”
employed as a component of an array.Rectangular, circular, Design And Analysis Of U-Slot Mircostrip PatchAntenna For
ring, triangular, and elliptical are typical geometries for micro Mobile Communication At 60 GHZ” This work proposes a
strip antennas[8]. Some patch antennas omit a dielectric millimeter wave microstrip patch antenna with low loss and
substrate in favor of suspending a metal patch in the air above good gain. The antenna is made by creating a U-slot in the
a ground plane using dielectric spacers. In order to create a patch, and a microstrip feed line powers it. This design has

IJISRT24FEB1488 www.ijisrt.com 2047

Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24FEB1488

the benefits of low manufacturing cost and high gain. The size III. ANTENNA DESIGN
and form of the antenna affect how well they work. The
ultimate goal of wireless communication is to deliver fast data The frequency of operation (fr) of the antennas is a
even in challenging geographic locations. The goal is to use a crucial factor in the design of a rectangular patch
high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) to construct a U- antenna[4,9]. It must work with 5G apps, which operate at 60
slotted patch antenna at a frequency of 60GHz with maximum GHz. This paper's design chose 60GHZ as its resonant
antenna gain and minimal radiation loss. Because Rogers frequency. The dielectric material chosen for the design has a
RT/duroid 5880 has appropriate mechanical and insulating dielectric constant (εr) of 3, and it is a Roger R03003.The
qualities, we shall employ it as the substrate. The height will copper (t) is 0.03 mm high and the dielectric (h) is 0.115 mm
be 0.508 mm, and the resonant frequency will be 60 GHz. high.the calculation of the width (W) of the micro strip patch
antenna, By substituting 𝑣𝑜 = 3 × 108 , 𝑓𝑟 = 60𝐺ℎ𝑧 , εr = 3 .

3 × 108 2
𝑊= 9
√ = 1.768𝑚𝑚
2 × 60 × 10 3 + 1

The value of effective dielectric constant ( εreff ) can be obtained from eq. (3.4), By substituting ℎ = 0.115𝑚𝑚 , 𝑊 =
1.768𝑚𝑚 , , 𝜀𝑟 = 3

3+1 3−1 1
𝜀𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = + = 2.749
2 2
√1 + 12 (0.115)
1.768

The value of the effective length (Lreff ) can be obtained by substituting 𝑣𝑜 = 3 × 108 , 𝑓𝑟 = 60 𝐺𝐻𝑍 , 𝜀𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 2.74

3 × 108
𝐿𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = = 1.5078 𝑚𝑚
2 × 60 × 109 √2.749

The value of the fringing length (∆L) can be obtained by substituting 𝑊 = 1.768𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 0.115𝑚𝑚, 𝜀𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 2.749

1.768
(2.749 + 0.3) (
∆𝐿 = 0.412 × 0.115 0.115 + 0.264) = 0.0561𝑚𝑚
1.768
(2.749 − 0.258) (
0.115 + 0.8)

The width of the inset-fed (wf ) can be calculated using the eqs. (3.3), By substituting values of 𝑍𝑜 = 50Ω , ℎ = 0.115, 𝜀𝑟 =
3 , 𝑡 ≪ 0.8𝑤𝑓.

87 5.98 × 0.115
50 = 𝑙𝑛 ( )
√3 + 1.41 0.8 × w𝑓 + 0.033

w𝑓 = 0.2158𝑚𝑚

The length inset of the patch for micro strip line (Fi ) can be calculated By substituting values 𝐿 = 1.5078𝑚𝑚 , 𝜀𝑟 = 3.

1.5078
𝐹𝑖 = 10−4 (0.001699 × 37 + 0.13761 × 36 − 6.1783 × 35 + 93.187 × 34 − 682.69 × 33 + 2561.9 × 32 − 4043 × 3 + 6697) × = 0.5321𝑚𝑚
2

The length and the width of ground plane can be calculated as following:

𝐿𝑔 = 6(0.115) + 1.5078 = 2.1978𝑚𝑚

𝑊𝑔 = 6(0.115) + 1.768 = 2.458𝑚𝑚

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Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24FEB1488

IV. ANTENNA SIMULATION The power reflected from the antenna is specified by the
reflection coefficient, which is a function of the VSWR. The
For 5G applications, this antenna is intended to operate VSWR value should be in the range of 1 to 2 for a feasible
at 60 GHz. The antenna patch is seen in Figure 1; it is an operation. The VSWR value of the proposed micro strip patch
image from the Advanced Design System (ADS). antenna at 60 GHz is 1.73.

Fig 1: The Patch of the Antenna

Fig 4: The Variation of Input Impedance with Frequency

The figure depicts the three-dimensional representation

of the radiation pattern at 60 GHz for a rectangular microstrip
patch antenna.

Fig 2: The Upper View of Rectangular Micro Strip Patch

Antenna

The graph in Figure 3 displays the return loss (S11)

variation as a function of antenna frequency. For a
satisfactory operation, it must be less than - 10dB. The
frequency band (59.24–60.83 GHz) is displayed by the return
loss (S11).

Fig 5: Radiation Pattern of the Designed Antenna

V. CONCLUSION

The present paper proposes the design and modeling of

a 60 GHz micro strip patch antenna. When this antenna is
simulated using an ADC, the results indicate that the return
loss is 32.123 dB, the gain is 6.97238 dBi, and the directivity
Fig 3: Return Loss (S11) Variation as a is 7.56351 dBi. These findings suggest that the developed
Function of Antenna Frequency antenna might be beneficial for the new mobile generation.

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Volume 9, Issue 2, February – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24FEB1488

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