1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?

Trip Circuit Supervision (ANSI - 95)

What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

protection ? How to implement scheme
using Numerical relays ?
Vrushank Desai + Follow
Power system study engineer
Published Feb 9, 2021

In a protection system, the trip circuit of the circuit breaker is very vital as it isolates
the faulty section. A failed trip coil or its circuit, during an event of actual fault,
where that CB is commanded to clear the fault, will unable to isolate the faulted
equipment / section, as results the fault remains in to the system. Hence, fault shall
be isolated by the upstream protective relay.

The supervision function is particularly important, when there is only one tripping
coil and CB tripping is vital such as Generator circuit breakers or any other important
circuit breaker in distribution networks. The 95 is intended for a continuous
supervision of circuit breaker trip circuit and to give an annunciation or alarm for he
following conditions,
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1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?

Short circuit in Control supply (DC)

Open circuit in Control supply (DC) / Loss of control supply voltage

Loss of control supply voltage

Failure of mechanism

For any of the above condition, the circuit breaker could not trip and isolates the
faulty part while system has actual fault. To overcome such situation, Trip Circuit
Supervision (95) becomes very necessary.

There are many method by which we can implement 95 protection scheme i.e., Post
closing monitoring only; Both Pre-closing and Post closing monitoring .
Like Comment Share 268 · 47 Comments
Typical protection scheme using Electro-mechnical Auxilary relay:

How to implement the TCS using Numerical Relay ?

CB status can be monitor using Binary Input (BI) of relay, since it is connected in
series with the CB auxiliary contact and trip coil of CB. BI used to monitor the
integrity of the CB trip circuit wiring. As soon as BI gets energized, it confirm the

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1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?

integrity of the auxiliary supply to CB trip coil through associated wiring, the same
can be utilized for indicating the of Trip Circuit Healthy (TCH) lamp.

If mapped Binary inputs gets de-energised due to break or short circuit in the trip
circuit wiring, the Binary output (BO) shall be configured / programmed to generates
Annunciation / Remote alarm, and also used for interlocking in Circuit breaker
closing circuit.

Supervision using single Binary Input (BI):

The above scheme is used for supervision of trip coil with CB open or closed
condition. However, pre-closing supervision is not detected. Depending on the
conditions of the trip contact and the circuit breaker, the binary inputs are
energized, or not energized.

During normal operation, the binary input is activated when the trip contact is open
and the trip circuit is complete, because the monitoring circuit is closed by either the
52a circuit breaker auxiliary contact (if the circuit breaker is closed) or through the
bypass resistor R by the 52b circuit breaker auxiliary contact.

Only when the 86’s (master trip) trip contact is closed, the binary input is
deactivated. Hence, pre closing or during master trip relay operated condition,
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1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?

supervision of trip circuit is not supervised.

TCS in Numerical Relay using dual / double Binary Input (BI)

This is little complex scheme, in the above scheme, two BI are used, one BI is
connected in parallel to the master trip contact, and second BI is connected in
parallel to CB auxiliary contacts i.e., 52a, 52b.

The above scheme is supervised the tripping circuit in both pre closing and post-
closing of circuit breaker. Scheme not only detects interruptions in the trip circuit
and loss of control voltage, it also supervises the response of the circuit breaker
using the position of the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts.

Note : Delay in drop off need to be added for prevent false alarm due to voltage dip
caused by faults in other section.

Conclusion:

Hence, The essential requirement of a Trip Circuit Supervision relay is that, to

supervise the healthiness of the entire trip circuit comprising DC supply, the tripping
cable, CB auxiliary contacts and the CB trip coil, or the tripping relay coil and the DC
supply to which it is connected.

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1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?

If there is any fault in the tripping circuit, both BI shall not gets energized and
as result BO gets high and same can utilized for generating the ‘Trip circuit
Faulty’ alarm and also prevent closing of the CB.

Reference:

Relay manual of Alstom make VAX31 relay

Relay manual of Siemens make 7SJ62 numerical relay

Relay manual of Schneider make P14x numerical relay

Bhupendra Badiya 4mo

Strategy & Marketing Leader - Digital Power

This opening statement is misleading "In a protection system, the trip circuit of the circuit breaker
is very vital as it isolates the faulty section". Actually, isolating a faulty section is the duty of all the
circuit breakers in a protection zone.

The opening statement could have been written as :

Despite the protective relay being perfectly healthy, its faulty trip circuit or trip coil will be unable
to trip its circuit breaker. As a result, the fault shall be cleared by the upstream circuit breakers and
upstream relays.Therefore to avoid such a situation, supervising healthiness of trip circuit and trip
coil is particularly important. 🙂

Like · Reply 1 Reaction

Jagdish Yeram 1y
Electrical Engineer - Design at JGC, Japan

Thanks for sharing this. Discussed in detail and straight to the point.

Like · Reply 1 Reaction

Hamza Ziane 2y
Project engineer ~Senior Electrical Engineer [ Engineering,procurments,construction,tests and consulting].

I understand that the (95/74TC) protection functions are same , please confirm .

Like · Reply 1 Reaction

Murli Bajpai 2y
Consultant at Self Employed

Being in Electrical Field for more than 45 years, I understand the importance of Relay 95, which you
have explained nicely

Like · Reply 1 Reaction

Nitin Shet 2y

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1/2/24, 7:35 PM What is Trip Circuit Supervision (95) protection ? How to implement scheme using Numerical relays ?
Additional Executive Engineer@MSEDCL

Informative for protection engineers.

Like · Reply 1 Reaction

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