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Lesson 02

The document provides information about the phonetic alphabet in English. It lists 44 unique sounds in English known as phonemes and categorizes them into consonants and vowels. Consonants are listed with examples. Vowels are divided into monophthongs, diphthongs, and triphthongs which are further defined and listed with examples.

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13 views

Lesson 02

The document provides information about the phonetic alphabet in English. It lists 44 unique sounds in English known as phonemes and categorizes them into consonants and vowels. Consonants are listed with examples. Vowels are divided into monophthongs, diphthongs, and triphthongs which are further defined and listed with examples.

Uploaded by

linaguerfa05
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Mining

Faculty of Earth Sciences

University of Badji Mokhtar

- Annaba –

Module : Technical English Level : First Year( L1 )

Lesson 02 : The phonetic alphabet in English 2020 / 2021

Phonetics :

It is a science whichstudies how languagesordialectssystematicallyorganizedtheirsounds. In


otherwords, how speech sounds are organised in the mind and used to conveymeaning.

Phonetic alphabet in English :

Despitetherebeingjust 26 letters in the English languagethere are approximately 44 unique


sounds, alsoknown as phonemes. The 44 sounds help distinguish one word or
meaningfromanother. Variousletters and lettercombinationsknown as graphemes are used to
represent the sounds.

Thesesoundsfallintotwocategories : consonants and vowels. Belowis a list of


themwithexamples. Note thatthereisno suchthng as definitivelist of phonemesbecause of
accents, dialects, and the evolution of languageitself. Therefore, youmayfindlistswith more or
lessthan 44 sounds.

1. Consonants :

Room, mother, mad, Thought, think,


/m/
more. /θ/ Bath.
Girl, green, grass, There, those,
/g/
flag. /ð/ brothers, others.
Cash, quick, cricket, Shirt, rush, shop,
/k/
sock. /ʃ/ cash.
Door, day, drive, Television, delusion,
/d/
down, feed. /ʒ/ casual
Time, train, tow, Choose, cheese,
/t/
late. / ʈʃ / church, watch.
/b/ Bag, bubble, build, / dʒ / Joy, juggle, juice,
Pin, cap, purpose, Thing, ring,
/p/
pause. /ŋ/ pink,tongue.
High, help, hello Yellow, usual, tune,
/h/
/j/ yesterday, yard.
Zoo, crazy, lazy,nose Wall, why, quick,
/z/
/w/ world.
Vest, village, view, Law, lots, leap, long,
/v/
cave. /l/ pill, cold, chill, melt.
Full, Friday, fish, Road, roses, river,
/f/
knife. /r/ ring, ride.
Sit, less, circle, Now, nobody, knew,
/s/
course. /n/ turn.

2. Vowels : are dividedintothree parts : monophthongs, diphthongs, triphthongs.


a. Monophthongs : are one vowelsounds :

Went, intend, send, Need, beat, team.


/e/ letter. / i: /
Cat, hand, nap, flat, Nurse, heard, third,
/æ/ have. / ɜ: / turn.
Fun, love, money, Talk, law, bored,
/ʌ/ London, come. / ɔ: / yawn, jaw.
Put, look, should, Few, boot, lose,
/ʊ/ cook, book, look. / u: / gloomy, fruit, chew.
Rob, top, watch, Fast, car, hard, bath.
/ɒ/ squat, sausage. / ɑ: /
/ə/ Alive, again, mother.

b. Diphthongs : are soundsformed by the combination oftwovowls in a single syllable.

/ ɪə / Near, ear, clear, tear, / aɪ / My, sight, pride,


beer, fear kind, flight
/ eə / Hair, there, care, / əʊ / No, don’t, stones,
stairs, pear alone, hole
/ eɪ / Face, space, rain , / aʊ / Mouth, house,
case, eight brown, cow, out
/ ɔɪ / Joy, employ, toy, / ʊə / Pure, mature, poor,
coil, oyster. secure.

c. Triphthongs :are soundsformed by acobination of threevowels in a single syllable.

/ eɪə / layer, player. / əʊə / lower, mower.


/ aɪə / lire, fire. / aʊə / power, hour.
/ ɔɪə / loyal, royal.

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