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The document discusses Aurangzeb's reign over the Mughal Empire. It states that he developed relationships with foreign traders but also introduced some restrictions and increased taxes. This contributed to increasing instability by the time of his death according to some historians.

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zrandhawa1620
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63 views

Source Based Questions

The document discusses Aurangzeb's reign over the Mughal Empire. It states that he developed relationships with foreign traders but also introduced some restrictions and increased taxes. This contributed to increasing instability by the time of his death according to some historians.

Uploaded by

zrandhawa1620
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Source Based Questions

Source A

Fatima Jinnah, campaigning for the Presidency of Pakistan in 1964, said that the
* 5 5 4 4 9 2 6 4 5 7 - I*

government of Ayub Khan had created feelings of uncertainty, intimidation and


discontent.

Content removed due to copyright restrictions.

‘Don’t be afraid, be willing to


work hard and contribute so that all of Pakistan can thrive, everyone can become
prosperous and future generations can live freely in a society which values them
and their efforts’, she declared.

Adapted from an American newspaper, 1964

Sourc
2021
SOURCE A

During Aurangzeb’s reign he developed good relationships with foreign traders


and made generous donations to several Hindu temples. He introduced
restrictions on personal behaviour, for example he banned outdoor singing
and dancing and made a declaration on the length of beards. Aurangzeb also
increased taxes to pay for expensive wars and used large amounts of money
to pay for luxurious buildings. According to some historians a number of these
policies contributed to the increasing instability of the Mughal Empire by the
time of Aurangzeb’s death.

An article on
Aurangzeb
adapted from
History Today,
1984

SOURCE B
2015

SOURCE A

Nawab Siraj-ud-Duala opposed the growing British power in Bengal in 1757.


Robert Clive, commander of the British East India Company’s troops that had
just retaken Calcutta from the Nawab, began to re-establish control of Bengal.
Clive was heavily outnumbered by the Nawab’s forces, but persuaded Mir
Jafar, the Nawab’s commander, to switch sides and not fight when the two
armies met. The Nawab opened the battle with heavy gunfire which went on
until it started to rain heavily. Clive’s troops covered their cannon and
muskets to protect them from the rain, whilst the Nawab’s troops did not.
When the rain cleared, Clive attacked. The Nawab’s troops retreated. 22 of
Clive’s soldiers were killed and 500 of the Nawab’s soldiers were killed.

From Seven Years’ War: Battle of Plassey by Kennedy

Hickman SOURCE B

The British East India Company

A painting of a British official of the British East India Company riding in an


Indian procession in 1825.

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared
where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items
requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible
opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced
online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of
examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of
University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2015
2020
SOURCE A

In May 1876, Benjamin Disraeli, the Conservative Prime Minister,


made Queen Victoria Empress of India. He said this would link
the monarchy more closely with India and would underline Britain’s
position as a world power. The Queen was pleased with this
arrangement and saw India as a jewel in the crown of her empire,
a place full of vibrant colours, gems, fruits and spices. As such
Queen Victoria viewed India as a land to be governed by British
order and justice so that protection could be given to the Indian
people against war, rebellion, famine and illiteracy.

Adapted from a history website

SOURCE B
2019 May/June
SOURCE A

The Day of Deliverance

I wish the Muslims all over India to celebrate Friday 22 December 1939 as a
national ‘Day of Deliverance’ from Congress rule. Provincial and local Muslim
Leagues should hold meetings to offer thanks in their prayers for the end of
the unjust Congress regime. These meetings should be peaceful and orderly so
as not to upset or offend any other community. It is the Congress High
Command who are responsible for the unjust tyranny of these past years.

Adapted from a speech by Jinnah to the Muslim community on 2


December 1939

SOURCE B

Gandhi’s educational ideas


2018
SOURCE A

The Defence of India Act 1915

The Defence of India Act came into force in 1915 for the duration of the First
World War and for six months after it. The Act gave the Governor General
special powers to ensure the safety of the people and the defence of the
British Empire in India. Public servants were given powers to uphold the law.
Violation of the Act was punishable with fines, prison sentences of up to seven
years and death for offences considered to be terrorism or plotting against the
British Government.

From a website on the history of India


SOURCE B

An entrance to Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar

2017 (Oct/Nov)

SOURCE A

The Delhi Proposals 1927


Jinnah was keen to have Hindu-Muslim unity and was prepared to reject
separate electorates for this. As a result he made a number of proposals to
Congress at a meeting in Delhi in 1927. He wanted more Muslim-majority
provinces to balance the number of Hindu-majority ones represented in the
central assembly. He proposed that Sindh be separated from the Bombay
Presidency and made into a full province. He wanted the protection of Muslim
minorities as well as other minorities in Punjab and Bengal. One third of seats
in the central legislature were to be set aside for Muslims and he wanted
reserved seats rather than separate electorates. Congress favourably received
these proposals but withdrew their support later in the year.

From Jinnah vs. Gandhi


by Roderick Matthews

SOURCE B

The Simon Commission 1927

2016 Oct/Nov
SOURCE A
The Simon Commission 1927

The offer of the hand of friendship from Congress is more valuable than any
concession which the British Government is willing to make. This public
meeting of the citizens of Bombay firmly declares that the commission which
has been announced is unacceptable to the people of India as it denies the
right of the people of India to participate on equal terms in framing the future
constitution of the country. It contains no Indian representation. Indians
throughout the country should have nothing to do with the commission at any
stage or in any form. We are not satisfied with the status of just being
petitioners to this commission.

From a speech made by Jinnah in Bombay in 1927, in reaction to the


appointment
of the Simon Commission.

SOURCE B

The Round Table Conferences 1930–1932

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