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Grasslands PPT

The document discusses different types of grasslands found around the world and in India. Grasslands exist on every continent except Antarctica and are generally located between latitudes where forests and deserts are found. The two main types are tropical grasslands, also known as savannas, and temperate grasslands. The document provides details on the characteristics and locations of various grasslands globally and within India.

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47 views45 pages

Grasslands PPT

The document discusses different types of grasslands found around the world and in India. Grasslands exist on every continent except Antarctica and are generally located between latitudes where forests and deserts are found. The two main types are tropical grasslands, also known as savannas, and temperate grasslands. The document provides details on the characteristics and locations of various grasslands globally and within India.

Uploaded by

vermaprashant2550
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grasslands

Grasslands are areas where the most dominant type of


vegetation is grasses.

Grasslands are home for a wide diversity of animal species.

Grasslands exist on every continent except Antarctica,


which makes them vulnerable to pressure from human
populations
Grasslands are found where there is not enough regular rainfall to
support the growth of a forest, but not so little that a desert forms.

In fact, grasslands often lie between forests and deserts.

They are generally open and fairly flat, and they exist on every
continent except Antarctica, which makes them vulnerable to pressure
from human populations.

Moisture, Droughts, fires, or episodes of heavy grazing affect


grassland from time to time.
Countries which Fall in Between Tropic Of Cancer and
Tropic Of Capricorn generally have Tropical Grasslands.

Countries Beyond that have temperate Grasslands


Types of Grasslands

There are two main kinds of


grasslands: tropical and temperate.

Tropical Grasslands – It is also known as the Savanna


or savannah.

They are characterized by a combination of widely spaced


grassy fields and woodlands where sufficient light reaches
the ground.
Annually, such areas receive 30 to 130 cm of rain every
year, which is then followed by a dry season.

Wet season – Grass grows upto 3-4m but it lacks nutrients


Dry season – Grass gets dry and catches fire

Fires affect tropical savannah the most


Also known as Big Game biome because of abundant
wildlife
Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands - Bhutan, India, Nepal

The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in northern India and southern


Nepal that lies south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Sivalik
Hills, and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

This lowland belt is characterised by tall grasslands, scrub savannah, sal


forests and clay rich swamps. In northern India, the Terai spreads from
the Yamuna River eastward across Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. The Terai is part of the Terai-Duar
savanna and grasslands ecoregion.
Llanos - Venezuela, Colombia
Cerrado - Brazil
Campos - parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, and all of
Uruguay
Western Gulf coastal grasslands - Southern United States and
North-eastern Mexico
African Savana – South to Sahel region
Temperate Grasslands – Found between 40-55 degrees north and south
latitude

Temperate grasslands lie interior of the continent, far from the coast,
they have extreme climate

Very hot summers followed by cold winters

Average annual rainfall ranges between 25 and 65 cm.

The temperate grasslands are further categorized into Steppes


and Prairies.
Soil is very rich in nutrients, ideally suited for extensive
agriculture

Temperate Grasslands – Known as Granaries of the world

They don’t have trees

Temperate Grasslands are of two types


Prairies type – Taller Grass, Humid
Steppes type – Short Grass, Semi-Arid
North America - Prairies
Ukraine to China - Steppes
Hungary - Pustaz
Argentina - Pampas
South Africa - Velds
Australia - Downs
New Zealand - Cantebury
Tropical Grasslands Temperate Grasslands

Located in the tropical latitude Located in the temperate


of the Earth latitude of the Earth
The grass is tall (3m) coarse and Grass is very short, soft, juicy and
spiky which is neither juicy nor nutritive
nutritive
There are scattered deciduous They have treeless plains as
trees rainfall is less

Soil is not very fertile Soil is very fertile


Types of Grasslands in India

Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands


Montane Grasslands
Montane Grasslands of Central India
Tropical Savannas
Coastal Grasslands
Wet Grasslands:
Montane Grasslands:

Montane grasslands mean mountainous grasslands. These are found


in different mountainous areas of the country.

Bugyal grasslands of Uttarakhand


Khajjar grasslands of Himachal Pradesh
Ukhrul grasslands of Manipur
Saramati grasslands of Nagaland
Dzukou Valley Nagaland
The Marg grasslands of Kashmir like Gulmarg, Sonmarg
Montane Grasslands of Central India: These grasslands are found on
the mountainous regions of Satpura and Vindhya ranges, Western
and Eastern Ghats.

The central Indian grasslands are marked by dry but tall grasses.
These can be called Tropical Savannah.

Grasslands on the Ghats are marked by short length grasses. For


example the Shola grasslands of Karnataka.
Coastal Grasslands: the coastal grasslands in India are
spread over beach sand forming a thick mat-like cover. For
example, the Banni and Vidi grassland of Rann of Kutch,
Gujarat.

Wet Grasslands: These grasslands are mainly found in the


water-logged areas of northern plains. These are famously
called as floating grasslands and are marked by dense, tall
vegetation.
For example, the Phumdi grassland of Manipur.

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