Scribd
Upload
53 views

Chapter 2 2.1 Notes

The document discusses energy flow in an ecosystem. It defines producers, consumers, and decomposers and their roles in food chains and food webs. Producers like plants use photosynthesis to produce their own food, while consumers eat other organisms and decomposers break down dead organisms. Energy is transferred between organisms in a food chain but some is lost at each level.

Uploaded by

Nor Afilza Ishak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views

Chapter 2 2.1 Notes

The document discusses energy flow in an ecosystem. It defines producers, consumers, and decomposers and their roles in food chains and food webs. Producers like plants use photosynthesis to produce their own food, while consumers eat other organisms and decomposers break down dead organisms. Energy is transferred between organisms in a food chain but some is lost at each level.

Uploaded by

Nor Afilza Ishak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Chapter 2 Ecosystem

2.1 Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of living organisms and their non-
living environment

Organisms in an ecosystem can be classified as

• _______________________

• _______________________: primary consumer, secondary consumer,


tertiary consumer

• _______________________

A producer is an organism that produces its own food through


________________________.

• Most plants are producers because they use light energy to produce food.

• Example: paddy plant

A consumer is an organism that eats another organism.

• Primary consumers are normally __________________ that eat producers.

• Example: grasshopper

A secondary consumer is a primary carnivore that eats the primary consumer.

• Example: snake

A tertiary consumer is a secondary carnivore that eats a secondary consumer.

• Example: eagle

1
A decomposer is an organism that breaks down dead animals and plants into
simpler materials or nutrients. This interaction is known as saprophytism.

• Examples: bacteria, fungi

Food chain

• A food chain can be used to show the feeding relationship between


organisms in an ecosystem.

Energy flow in a food chain

Food web

• The interconnection of a few food chains is called a food web.

2
Energy flow in a food web

• Sunlight is the main energy source in a food chain or a food web.

• Energy is transferred from one organism to another organism in the food


web.

• Some of the energy is lost as heat energy through respiration.

• Energy is also lost in the form of chemical energy through undigested


food, or faeces.

Formative Practice 2.1 (textbook p.25)

1. The following is an example of a food chain. Identify the producer, primary


consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer.

Cabbage à caterpillar à chicken à snake

2. Based on the following organisms:

Paddy plant grasshopper sparrow owl rat caterpillar

(a) Construct a food web.

(b) Predict what will happen if the paddy plant dies because of a long
drought.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

3
___________________________________________________________________

You might also like