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Familiarization With Different Types of Circuit Breaker - 1

The document discusses an experiment to familiarize students with different types of circuit breakers including MCB, MCCB, RCB, and ELCB. It describes the internal construction and operation of MCB circuit breakers, including how they use magnetic and thermal tripping systems to automatically switch off during overloads or short circuits.

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Sajjadul Islam
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

Familiarization With Different Types of Circuit Breaker - 1

The document discusses an experiment to familiarize students with different types of circuit breakers including MCB, MCCB, RCB, and ELCB. It describes the internal construction and operation of MCB circuit breakers, including how they use magnetic and thermal tripping systems to automatically switch off during overloads or short circuits.

Uploaded by

Sajjadul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 02

Experiment Name: Familiarization with different types of circuit breaker.


Objective:
i. To learn about MCB, MCCB, RCB & ELCB Circuit Breaker.
ii. To learn about the internal construction of MCB circuit breaker.

Operation of MCB:
An MCB is a molded insulating material that has a full enclosure. This creates housing
that is both structurally and thermally sound. Incoming and outgoing wires are linked to a fixed
and a movable contact in the switching system. Depending on the circuit breaker's rating, the
metal or current carrying portions are constructed of electrolytic copper or silver alloy. An
electric arc is created when the contacts are separated in the case of an overload or short circuit.

Figure: Internal Construction of MCB.

Modern MCBs are all intended to handle arc interruption operations in which metallic
arc splitter plates offer arc energy extraction and cooling. An insulating substance is used to
keep these plates in place. Arc runner is also included to push the arc formed between the major
contacts. Both magnetic and thermal tripping systems are used in the functioning mechanism.
A composite magnetic system with a spring-loaded dashpot and a magnetic slug in a silicon
fluid, as well as a normal magnetic trip, make up the magnetic tripping setup. In the trip
arrangement, a current carrying coil drives the slug against the spring towards a fixed pole
piece. When the coil produces a strong enough magnetic field, the magnetic pull on the trip
lever develops. The strong magnetic field created by the coils (Solenoid) is sufficient to attract
the armature of the trip lever regardless of the position of the slug in the dashpot in case of
short circuits or large overloads.
The thermal tripping setup consists of a bimetallic strip around which a heater coil is
coiled to generate heat based on current flow. The heater can be direct, with current flowing
through a bimetal strip that affects a portion of the electric circuit, or indirect, with a coil of
current-carrying conductor looped around the bimetallic strip. In the event of particular
overload circumstances, the deflection of a bimetallic strip initiates the tripping mechanism.
The bimetal strips are composed of two metals, commonly brass and steel. Along their length,
these metals are riveted and welded. These are built such that typical currents do not heat the
strip to the tripping threshold, but if the current is raised over the specified amount, the strip is
warmed, bent, and the latch is tripped. Under certain overloads, bimetallic strips are used to
give certain time delays.

Basic difference between MCB, MCCB, RCB & ELCB:

Type MCB MCCB RCB ELCB

It stands for It stands for RCCB refers to ELCB stands


Miniature Circuit Molded Case ear stands for for Electric
Meaning Breaker. Circuit Breaker Residual Current Leakage Circuit
Circuit Breaker Breaker.

It automatically It is another type This residual They have the


switches OFF of electrical current device is same function
electrical circuit protection basically an as RCCB but
during any device which is electrical wiring are voltage
abnormal used when load device that sensor devise.
condition in the current exceeds disconnects the
electrical network the limit of a circuit whenever
Working such as overload miniature circuit there is leakage
principle & short circuit breaker. of current flow
conditions. through the
Human body or
the current is not
balanced
between the
phase conductor.
Circuit Breaker Diagram of MCB:

Figure: Diagram of MCB.

Discussion:
In this experiment I have learned about several sorts of circuit breakers. In addition, I
researched the internal structure and operation of a M|CB. When power fluctuates or extra
current flows, an overload or short circuit occurs. As a result, incorporating a device as a safety
feature to offer overcurrent protection to electrical devices/circuits is critical. An MCB is an
automated switch that opens when the circuit is overloaded with current. It may be reclosed
without the need for any replacement parts. Once a fuse has been used, it must be replaced or
rewired.

__________________

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