INTRODUCTION

An international airport is a vital component of a region's infrastructure, serving as a gateway

for global connectivity and economic development. This research aims to explore the

multifaceted aspects of designing and planning a proposed international airport, considering

various factors essential for its successful operation and impact on regional growth.

Purpose and Scope: The research focuses on understanding the fundamental principles of airport

planning, design, and management within the context of proposing a new international airport.

It delves into the complexities of site selection, architectural considerations, operational

requirements, sustainability goals, and economic implications.

Site Selection and Location: One of the critical initial steps in airport development is selecting

an optimal site. Factors such as proximity to urban centers, accessibility to transportation

networks, environmental considerations, airspace constraints, and land availability play a

crucial role in determining the site's suitability.

Architectural Design and Infrastructure: The design of an international airport encompasses

terminal buildings, runways, taxiways, aprons, control towers, and ancillary facilities.

Integration of cutting-edge technologies, passenger experience enhancements, efficient space

utilization, and adherence to aviation regulations are integral to the architectural and

infrastructural aspects.
Operational Efficiency and Safety: Ensuring smooth operations and safety protocols is

paramount in airport management. This includes air traffic control systems, security measures,

baggage handling systems, terminal flow optimization, emergency response plans, and

compliance with international aviation standards.

Environmental Impact and Sustainability: Sustainable airport design involves minimizing

environmental footprint through energy-efficient buildings, waste management strategies, noise

mitigation measures, green spaces, and eco-friendly transportation options.

Economic and Social Impact: International airports contribute significantly to the local and

national economy by fostering tourism, attracting investments, creating employment

opportunities, and catalyzing business growth. They also serve as cultural gateways, promoting

global exchanges and enhancing social connectivity.

By comprehensively exploring these facets, the research aims to provide insights into the

comprehensive planning and design considerations essential for a proposed international

airport's successful realization and positive impact on regional development.

TERMINAL SPACE ALLOCATION

Typical circulation tree for departing passengers

DEPARTURE

 Check-in Lobby.

The check-in lobby is historically where

departing passengers check-in for a flight,
drop off checked baggage, and obtain boarding
passes and other information for the flight.

The primary components of the check-in lobby

are:

 Curbside check-in/baggage drop

 Lobby check-in/baggage drop

 Passenger queuing

 Public circulation

 Concessions

 Support areas

 Outbound Baggage Processing.

Outbound baggage processing includes the area

and equipment required to accommodate, sort,

screen, and process checked baggage from the

check-in lobby to the aircraft.

Outbound baggage processing includes the following main components:

 Baggage conveyance system

 Primary baggage screening area

 Secondary baggage screening area

 Outbound baggage devices

 Staff support areas

 Security Screening.

Security screening checkpoints are where

security personnel examine commercial airline
passengers and carry-on baggage to ensure that
prohibited or harmful items are not carried onto
aircraft.

The primary components of security screening

checkpoints in passenger terminals are:

 Queuing area

 Document check

 Divestiture area

 Screening area

 Recomposure area

 Administrative space

 Gate Holdrooms / Departure Lounge.

A gate holdroom or departure lounge is where departing passengers wait for and ultimately

board flights.

Primary components of a holdroom include:

 Waiting area –

 Airline gate podium and queuing –

 Boarding and egress corridor –

 Concessions

Airport concessions are an important component

in terminal space programs.

The following are primary concessions areas an

airport should consider when developing space

program requirements:

 Leased space

 Duty free

 Decentralized in-terminal storage space –

 Centralized remote storage –

 Parking and access –

 Loading dock –

 Waste collection and removal –

 Baggage Claim / Inbound Baggage Processing.

 Baggage claim, or inbound baggage processing,

includes the facilities and area required for

arriving passengers to reclaim checked baggage.

Baggage claim and inbound baggage processing

includes the following primary components:

 Inbound baggage drop off –

 Baggage claim hall –

 Restrooms

A space program for terminal restrooms and related

restroom facilities

 Support Areas.

Airline, tenant, and airport owners/operators

require space to support general management and

operations, emergency response, staff medical

facilities, security offices, airport police, and

similar functions.

Airlines require office space for management

personnel, flight crew facilities (lounge/rest areas), storage, and other support areas. Airline

clubrooms are tenant spaces provided by airlines to cater to their frequent travelers and airline

club members.
  Public Amenities.

Public amenities are additional areas within the

terminal building that facilitate passenger

convenience and level of service objectives.

These areas may include the following:

 Information centers –

 Computer and phone recharging stations –

 United Service Organizations (USO) facilities for military personnel.

 Passenger sanctuaries –worship, meditation, or to offer passengers refuge.

 Smoking facilities .

 Wheelchair storage –

 Luggage carts –

 Sleeping quarters

 Money exchanger

 Building Services.

A portion of all terminal buildings is

allocated to building operations and

equipment. Examples include:

 Maintenance and storage

 Operations

 Mechanical system rooms–

 Utilities –
 Structural systems –

 Life safety egress –

ARRIVALS

Airport Arrival Area: This is the section of the

airport where passengers disembark from their flights and enter the terminal building.

 Airport Immigration Office: Also known as

passport control or border control, this is where
travelers undergo immigration procedures upon arrival
in a new country.
 Airport Loading and Unloading Area Outside:
This area is designated for the loading and unloading
of passengers and cargo from vehicles such as buses,
taxis, and private cars.

Isolation Area in Airport: In the context of health

emergencies or contagious diseases, airports may have designated isolation areas to quarantine
passengers who exhibit symptoms or have been exposed to infectious agents.

SIGNAGES

Wayfinding Signages: These signs are designed to

help passengers navigate through the terminal easily.
 Informational Signages: These signs provide
passengers with essential information such as
flight schedules, boarding announcements,
security procedures, and emergency exits.

Safety Signages: Safety signages are critical for ensuring

the well-being of passengers and staff.

Commercial Signages: Airports often use signages for

commercial purposes, including advertisements for
shops, restaurants, car rentals, and other services
available within the terminal.

Accessibility Signages: Airports prioritize accessibility

for passengers with disabilities or special needs.
 Digital Signage Integration: Modern airports
increasingly utilize digital signages for dynamic
content delivery.