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Practical 8

This document provides instructions for extracting DNA from split peas using everyday household items. It explains that DNA is found in most living things and the extraction process has been simplified for this demonstration. Safety precautions for using a blender are included. The assignment questions students to explain steps of the extraction process and define related terms.

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Lucio C
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7 views

Practical 8

This document provides instructions for extracting DNA from split peas using everyday household items. It explains that DNA is found in most living things and the extraction process has been simplified for this demonstration. Safety precautions for using a blender are included. The assignment questions students to explain steps of the extraction process and define related terms.

Uploaded by

Lucio C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL 8

Split Pea DNA Isolation


DNA is found in most living things, this activity will allow you to complete a DNA extraction using everyday
household items.

Background Knowledge
The extraction of DNA is important in many fields of science and the process has changed over time to
become more effective and automated. Collecting and extracting DNA that is use able for research
changes depending on the species of interest and the objective of the research. In this experiment, we
use a simplified method to show you the process.

Vocabulary
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid, molecule that stores genetic information in all organisms.
Cell: the functional unit of all known living organisms.

Cell Membrane: double layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between the cell and the
surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell.

Nucleus: Organelle composed of a double membrane that acts as a storehouse for most of a cell’s DNA
Lipid: nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils.

Protein: polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure
depending on bonds between amino acids.
Enzyme: protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms.

Safety Precautions
The blender can be very dangerous only operate with the lid on and under supervision.

MATERIALS:

• 250ml of split peas, already soaked

• A Blender

• 30ml liquid detergent

• 250ml 70% Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing/surgical alcohol) or 90% ethanol

• 200ml of tap water

• 1/4 teaspoon Meat tenderizer

• 1 teaspoon Table salt


METHODD:

• Throw half a cup of soaked split peas into a blender, with 200ml tape water and salt.

• Close the lid securely and blend for 20 seconds.

• Remove the pulp and filter through a strainer into the clean beaker.

• Add the liquid detergent to the pulp and swirl gently

• WAIT approximatively 8 MINUTES.

• Add tenderizer, swirl gently to mix. Tilt the beaker and slowly dribble alcohol down the inside of the

beaker.

• The alcohol must not mix with the pulp but float on top of the pulp.

• Observe the strands of DNA that moves into the alcohol.

ASSIGNMENT Exercise

1. Why do we start by grinding up the peas in a blender? (1)

2. In what part of the cell is the DNA located? (1)

3. What is the purpose of the liquid detergent? (1)

4. What is the purpose of the enzymes (meat tenderizer)? (1)

5. Why do we add the alcohol? (1)

6. Define the following: (5)

• DNA

• RNA

• Cell replication

• Nucleotide

• Base pair
7. Label the diagram and give it a title: (10) DO NOT REDRAW, ONLY LABEL

8. Imagine yourself in a laboratory, what safety precautions do you need to take when extracting or
handling DNA? (3)

9. How is DNA extracted under research or industry conditions? (refer to chapter 10.1 in your
textbook) (3)

10 Provide applications where scientists would need to extract DNA? (5)

11. Why is DNA extraction used in forensics? (2)

12. What are good sources of human DNA for testing? (4)

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