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84 views9 pages

Grammar Mini-Lesson PDF

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api-742343922
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding English

Grammar

By: Tanya Perez


Introduction to Parts of Speech

• Examples:
• Nouns: dog, book, happiness
• Verbs: run, eat, sing
• Adjectives: big, red, happy
• Adverbs: quickly, beautifully, carefully
• Pronouns: he, she, they
• Prepositions: on, in, at
• Conjunctions: and, but, or
Teaching Parts of Speech
Common Errors in Parts of Speech
• Examples:

• Mistaking adverbs for adjectives:


• "She sings good" instead of "She sings well."
• Misusing pronouns:
• "Me and him went to the store" instead of "He
and I went to the store."
• Confusing prepositions with conjunctions:
• "I like swimming and to play tennis" instead of "I
like swimming and playing tennis."
• Incorrectly identifying gerunds as verbs:
• "I enjoy to read" instead of "I enjoy reading."
Simple
Compound
Complex
Compound-Complex
Understanding Sentence Types
• Types of Sentences:

• Simple: Contains one independent clause.


• Example: "The cat sleeps."
• Compound: Contains two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction
or semicolon.
• Example: "The sun was shining, and the birds were singing."
• Complex: Contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
• Example: "After the rain stopped, the flowers bloomed."
• Compound-complex: Contains two or more independent clauses and at least
one dependent clause.
• Example: "She studied hard, but she still failed the exam because she
didn't understand the material."
Common Errors in
Sentence Structure
• Examples:

• Run-on sentences: "I like pizza I also like pasta.“


• Correction: "I like pizza, and I also like pasta."
• Explanation: The corrected sentence uses a comma and a coordinating conjunction
("and") to join the two independent clauses, making it grammatically correct.
• Fragmented sentences: "Eating ice cream.“
• Correction: "I enjoy eating ice cream."
• Explanation: The corrected sentence provides a subject ("I") and a verb ("enjoy"),
making it a complete sentence that expresses a clear thought.
• Lack of subject-verb agreement: "She walk to school every day.“
• Correct: "She walks to school every day."
• Explanation: Changing "walk" to "walks" ensures agreement between the subject
(She) and the verb.
• Misplaced or dangling modifiers: "Riding my bike, the tree fell on me.“
• Correction: "While I was riding my bike, the tree fell on me."
• Explanation: The corrected sentence clarifies the relationship between the action
("riding my bike") and the event ("the tree fell on me") by rearranging the modifier
("while I was riding my bike") to come before the main clause.
Conclusion and Reflection

For efficient writing and communication, it is essential to comprehend English


grammar, including sentence structures and parts of speech. Teachers can
assist students in becoming proficient in grammar and improving their
language abilities by identifying common errors and implementing effective
teaching strategies.
References

• Yule, G. (2022). The study of language


(8th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Chapter 7:Grammar

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