MASENO SCHOOL PRE-MOCK 2024

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

233/2
Paper 2
CHEMISTRY
(Theory)
March. 2024 – 2 Hours

Name …………………………………………..…Admission Number

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Class …………………Date …………………...Candidate’s

Signature……………….....

Instructions to candidates
a) Write your name and Admission Number in the spaces provided above.
b) Write your class, date of examination and sign in the spaces provided above.
c) Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
d) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages
are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
e) The paper consists of 13 printed pages.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:

Questions Maximum Score Candidates’ Score
1 14
2 12
3 11
4 10
5 12
6 11
7 10
TOTAL 80

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1. (a) Give the systematic names of the following compounds;
1
i. CH2 = C – CH2CH3 (2mk)

Cl

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1
ii. CH3CH2CH2 CH2C CH (2mk)

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(b) State the observations made when propan-2-ol is reacted with;
(i) Acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution (1mk)

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(ii) Sodium metal (1mk)

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(c) Ethanol may be obtained from sugarcane and converted to ethene as shown below;

Step I Step II
Sugarcane Ethanol Ethene
i. Give the name of the process that takes place in step I (1mk)

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ii. Name the reagent and condition in step II (1mk)

Reagent………………………………………………………………………………….

Condition……………………………………………………………………………….

iii. Give two conditions which ethanol reacts with propanoic acid. (1mk)

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iv. Draw and name the compound formed when ethanol reacts with propanoic acid.
(2mks)
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 (d) Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow;

Ca(OH)2
CaC2 + X
Step 1
1mole HCl
GAS Y Z
Step 2

1mole H2
H H
Step 3
C C 200oC H2 150oC
Step 5 C2H4 CH3CH3
H H n Step 4
High Pressure

(i) Identify reagent X (1mk)

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(ii) Name the catalyst used in step 4 (1mk)

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(iii) Draw the structure of gas Y (1mk)

(iv) What name is given to the process that takes place in step 5 (1mk)

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(v) State any two environmental effects of the product in step 5 (2mks)

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2. (a) (i) Name the two crystalline forms of sulphur. (1mk)

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 (ii) Sulphur is extracted from underground deposits through Frasch process.
Describe how this process works. (3mks)
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(b) The scheme below represents the steps followed in the contact process. Study it and
answer the questions that follow.

SO2
Air

Purifier
Conc. H2SO4
Dry SO2 and air

Heat exchanger
Absorption SO3 Cooler
Tower
SO3
Oleum SO2
Air
Substance A
Catalytic
Conc. H2SO4 converter

i. Name substance A (1mk)

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ii. Name one impurity removed by the purifier. (1mk)
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(c) Give a reason why vanadium (V) oxide is preferred to platinum rhodium in the above
process. (1mk)
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(d) Write down the equation of the reaction taking place in the catalytic converter. (1mk)

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 (e) Give the role of the heat exchanger. (1mk)
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(f) (I) Name the main pollutant in the contact process. (1mk)
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(II) How can the pollution in (f) (I) above be prevented? (1mk)

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(g) Give one use of sulphuric (VI) acid. (1mk)

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3. (a) The table below shows some alkaline earth elements and halogens. Use the table to
answer the questions that follow.
Alkaline earth elements Halogens
Element Be Mg Ca F Cl Br
Atomic radius (nm) 0.089 0.136 0.174 0.064 0.099 0.144
Ionic radius (nm) 0.031 0.065 0.099 0.136 0.181 0.195

(i) Atomic radius increases from Be to Ca and from F to Br. Explain. (1mk)

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(ii) Explain the difference in the atomic and ionic radii of halogens. (2mks)

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(iii) Give the formula of the hydrogen carbonate of Ca. (1mk)

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(iv) Give the type of bond and structure formed when Mg and Cl react (1mk)

Bond: …………………………………………………………………………………………
Structure: …………………………………………………………………………………….
(v) Starting with the least reactive, arrange the halogens in the order of reactivity. (1mk)
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 (vi) Write the equation for the reaction between Be and Cl. (1mk)
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(b) The graph below shows the relationship between the boiling point of beryllium and
magnesium.

State and explain the trend shown in the graph above. (2mks)
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(c) Using dots (.) and Cross (x) draw the structure of Phosphonium ion (PH4+). (2mks)

4. (a) Describe the process by which Nitrogen is obtained from air on a large scale. (3mks)
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 (b) Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow.

i. Other than the method used in step I, write the equation for the reaction that
produces gas J in the laboratory. (1mk)
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ii. Give one use of ammonium nitrate. (1mk)
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(c) The table below shows the observations made when aqueous ammonia was added to
cations of elements E, F and G until in excess.
Cation of Addition of a few drops Addition of excess
of Aqueous ammonia. aqueous ammonia.
E White precipitate Insoluble
F No precipitate No precipitate
G White precipitate Dissolves

(i) Select the cation that is likely to be Zn2+. (1mk)

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(ii) Given that the formula of the cation of element E is E 2+, write the ionic equation for
the reaction between E2+ (aq) and aqueous ammonia. (1mk)
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(d) A factory uses Nitric (V) acid and ammonia gas as the only reactants for the preparation
of fertilizer. If the daily production of the fertilizer is 9,600kg, work out the mass of
ammonia gas used daily in kg. (N=14.0, O=16.0, H=1.0) (2mks)

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 (e) Nitric (V) acid is stored in dark bottles. Explain? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
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5. In order to find the proportion by volume of one of the main constituents of air, a sample of
air was passed through two wash bottles; first containing aqueous sodium hydroxide and the
second containing concentrated sulphuric (VI) acid and was then collected in a gas syringe.
(a) Suggest a reason for passing the air through:
(i) Aqueous sodium hydroxide. (1mk)
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(ii) Concentrated sulphuric (VI) acid (1mk)
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(b) The volume of gas collected in the syringe was 80cm3. This was passed several times
over hot copper powder until no further contraction of volume took place. After cooling
to the original temperature the volume was found reduced to 63.2cm3
(i) How would the copper change in appearance? (1mk)
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(ii) Which gas had been removed by the copper? (1mk)
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(iii) Calculate the volume of this gas present in the sample. (1mk)

(iv) Calculate the percentage of this gas present in the sample of air. (1mk)

(v) Name:
I. The main gas remaining in the syringe. (1mk)
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II. Is the main gas made in (i) above pure or not. Explain (2mks)
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 III. In another different experiment, the following results were obtained in a
direct weighing experiment.

Mass of flask + fitting, evacuated = 183.257g

Mass of flask + fitting + gas P = 187.942g
Mass of flask + fitting + water = 987.560g
The volume were measured at 23.00C and 733mmHg pressure. Calculate relative molecular
mass of gas P (3mks)

6. Solubility of potassium nitrate and copper (II) sulphate were determined at different
temperatures. The following data was obtained.

Temperature 0C 0 20 40 60 80 100

Solubility of KNO3 12 30 75 125 185 250

100g of water CuSO4 15 20 35 45 65 80

(a) On the graph provided plot solubility curves for both salts. (4mks)

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 (b) Determine from the graph the solubilities of each salt at 50 0C. (2mks)

I. KNO3
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II. CuSO4
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III. At what temperature was the solubility of both salts equal? (1mk)

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(c) Saturated solution of potassium nitrate at 700C was cooled to 200C. What mass of the crystals
will be deposited. (1mk)

(d) (i) Define hard water (1mk)

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(ii)Using chemical equations explain 2 methods used to remove temporary hardness of water.
(2mks)
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7. a) You are provided with the following reagents; dilute nitric acid, dilute sulphuric acid, and
lead (II) oxide. Describe how you would prepare a sample of lead (II) sulphate. (2mks)
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 b) Given a mixture of lead (II) chloride, iodine, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride
crystals. Describe how you would separate all he four solids using methyl benzene, a source
of heat and water. (Hint; Step one involves addition of methyl benzene) (3mks)
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c) 8.4g of sodium hydrogen carbonate is completely decomposed by heat. Calculate;
(i) Mass of residue produced. (2mks)

(ii) Volume of carbon (IV) oxide produced at s.t.p (1mk)

(H =1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23, Molar gas volume = 22.4dm3)

d) A solution contains 120cm3 of 0.2M aluminium phosphate. Calculate the number of

phosphate ions present. (L= 6.023 x 1023 ions) (2mks)

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