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Lab 8 - Reynold's Number

This document describes an experiment to determine the Reynolds number for different types of fluid flow. The experiment uses an apparatus to measure discharge rates of fluid through a tube. Readings are taken at different flow rates and used to calculate the Reynolds number and classify the flow as laminar, transitional, or turbulent. While the observed and calculated flow types matched for laminar and turbulent flows, some transitional readings were misclassified due to the difficulty in observing transitional flow.

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Melad Haweyou
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128 views

Lab 8 - Reynold's Number

This document describes an experiment to determine the Reynolds number for different types of fluid flow. The experiment uses an apparatus to measure discharge rates of fluid through a tube. Readings are taken at different flow rates and used to calculate the Reynolds number and classify the flow as laminar, transitional, or turbulent. While the observed and calculated flow types matched for laminar and turbulent flows, some transitional readings were misclassified due to the difficulty in observing transitional flow.

Uploaded by

Melad Haweyou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Benghazi

Medical

Health Care Reform

7822 ‫) صالح مصطفى موسى بن عتيقة‬1

8920 ‫فراس فرج حسين جاب هللا‬ )2

Group : B

Month : August (8)

Code : 121
Flow through Sharp Edged Orifice

1) Aim :
The objectives of the experiment are:
1) To demonstrate laminar, transition and turbulent flow.
2) To introduce Reynolds number to classify laminar, transition
and turbulent flow

2) Introduction :
The Reynolds number is a dimensionless
ratio of inertia forces to viscous forces and is
used in identifying certain characteristics of
fluid flow. The Reynolds number is extremely
important in modeling pipe flow. It can be
used to determine the type of flow occurring:
laminar or turbulent.
Under laminar conditions the velocity
distribution of the fluid within the pipe is Figure 1 | Osborne Reynolds
essentially parabolic and can be derived from
the equation of motion.
When turbulent flow exists, the velocity profile is “flatter” than
in the laminar case because the mixing effect which is
characteristic of turbulent flow helps to more evenly distribute
the kinetic energy of the fluid over most of the cross section.

3) Theoretical basis :
In most engineering texts, a Reynolds number of 2,100 is
usually accepted as the value at transition; that is, the value of
the Reynolds number between laminar and turbulent flow
regimes.
This is done for the sake of convenience, in this experiment;
however, we will see that transition exists over a range of
Reynolds numbers and not at an individual point.
The Reynolds number that exists anywhere in the transition
region is called the critical Reynolds number.
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Finding the critical Reynolds number for the transition range
that exists in pipe flow is the subject of this experiment.
There are three types of flow:
1) Lamina Flow ( N R <2000).
2) Transitional Flow (4000 > N R > 2000).
3) Turbulent Flow (4000 < N R ).
And from the flowing equation we can find N R :
ρνD
N R=
μ
Where:
 ρ is the density .
 ν is the Kinematic Viscosity.
 D is the Diameter.
 μ is dynamic viscosity.

4) Apparatus :
1) Reynold’s number Apparatus (Figure 2).
2) Stopwatch.
3) Flask.

Figure 2 | Reynold’s number Apparatus

5) Procedure :
1) Fill the supply tank some times before the experiment.
2) The calculated fluid is filled as container.

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3) Now set the discharge by using the valve of that particular
flow can be obtained.
4) The type of flow of rate is glass tube is made to be known
by opening the valve of dye container.
5) Take the reading of discharge for particular flow.
6) Using the formula set the Reynolds’s no. for that particular
flow, aspect the above procedure for all remaining flow.

Figure 3 | Taking the discharge Figure 4 | Transitional Flow

6) Readings & Calculations:

Volume time State of flow Velocity State of flow


Run NR Verification
(mL) (sec) (Observed) (m/s) (Calculated)

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1 190 5 turbulent 0.48 540.22 turbulent 
2 290 7 turbulent 0.53 5239.16 turbulent 
3 190 15 transitional 0.16 1601.86 laminar 
4 195 15 transitional 0.17 1644.01 laminar 
5 185 20 laminar 0.12 1169.78 laminar 
6 180 20 laminar 0.11 1138.16 laminar 
7 125 20 laminar 0.08 790.39 laminar 
8 183 15 transitional 0.16 1542.84 laminar 
9 210 10 turbulent 0.27 2655.71 transitional 
10 198 15 transitional 0.17 1669.30 laminar 
11 122 20 laminar 0.08 771.42 laminar 
12 355 7 turbulent 0.65 6413.45 turbulent 

7) Discussion :
It is so obvious that the observed state of flow is not
coincided with the calculated one for most of the transitional
states because it’s not easy to recognize the transitional flow
unlike the turbulent and laminar flow which is much clear.

A) Conclusion:
In this test we’ve determinate the Reynolds’s number for a flow.

B) References :
- Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Manual - (ANNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY -
COIMBATORE).
- Fluid Mechanics 4th edition - F. White

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