1

1 An equation for photosynthesis is shown.

P + water carbohydrate + Q

What do P and Q represent?

P Q

A carbon dioxide chlorophyll

B carbon dioxide oxygen

C oxygen carbon dioxide

D oxygen chlorophyll

[1]

[Total: 1]

2 In an ecosystem, there is an interaction between the living and the non-living environment. One
part of this interaction is the recycling of materials such as carbon.

The diagram below shows the carbon cycle.

carbon dioxide
in air

decay combustion

carbon compounds carbon compounds fossil fuels

Y X

carbon compounds
in animals

(a) Use the information from the carbon cycle, and your own knowledge , to answer the following
questions.

(i) Label with the letter P an arrow to show where photosynthesis occurs. [1]

(ii) Write the word equation for photosynthesis.

................................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) Name the green pigment in plants that is needed for photosynthesis.

................................................................................................................................ [1]
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(iv) Many rainforests are being cut down. This can bring about an increase in the percentage
of carbon dioxide in the air.

Explain how this happens.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Name the processes labelled X and Y in the carbon cycle.

process X...........................................................................................................................

process Y........................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 8]

3 The rate of photosynthesis varies as a result of changes in environmental factors.

State one environmental factor and explain how it can affect the rate of photosynthesis.

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..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

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.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

4 To grow, a plant needs a supply of nitrate ions.

Explain the reason for this.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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5 State two uses, other than storage, for the carbohydrate made by photosynthesis.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 2]

6 State the form in which carbohydrate is stored in potato plants.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

7 Explain the role of stomata in the process of photosynthesis.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

8 The diagram below shows a section through a leaf. The leaf is adapted to carry out photosynthesis
in the plant.

cuticle

chloroplast

palisade
mesophyll cell

spongy
mesophyll
cell

cuticle
stoma

(a) (i) Give the word equation for photosynthesis.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]
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(ii) State the function of the chloroplasts in photosynthesis.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) Describe how the chloroplasts are distributed in the mesophyll layers of the leaf and
explain how this distribution is important for efficient photosynthesis.

description..............................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

explanation.............................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 6]

9 Explain the function of the cuticle in a leaf.

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..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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10 Potato plants produce new potato tubers underground as part of the process of asexual reproduction.

The graph below shows the amount of carbohydrate stored in the leaves and new tubers of potato
plants, grown in a country in the northern hemisphere, between May and September.

Compare the amount of carbohydrate in the leaves and new tubers in May and September. Give
an explanation for the differences.

Use data from the graph in your answer.

May

difference .................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

September

difference .................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]
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11 The diagram below shows a vertical section through a leaf.

Name the structures labelled A, B and C.

Write your answers in the spaces below.

A .......................................................

B .......................................................

C ....................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]