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Cell Answer

The document discusses the cell, which is considered the basic unit of life. It describes key aspects of cells like their composition, structures, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and who contributed important discoveries about cells. The document provides information on cellular organelles and their membranes, cell size and shape variations, and examples of different cell types.

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20 views

Cell Answer

The document discusses the cell, which is considered the basic unit of life. It describes key aspects of cells like their composition, structures, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and who contributed important discoveries about cells. The document provides information on cellular organelles and their membranes, cell size and shape variations, and examples of different cell types.

Uploaded by

unmuktagrahari333
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

1. What is it that makes an organism living, or what is it that an inanimate thing does not have which a living
thing has?
Answer: Presence of the basic unit of life – the cell in all living organisms.
2. All organisms are composed of cell. Some are composed of a single cell and are called unicellular organisms
while others, like us, composed of many cells, are called multicellular organisms.
3. Unicellular organisms are capable of (i) independent existence and (ii) performing the essential
functions of life.
4. Assertion(A): Anything less than a complete structure of a cell does not ensure independent living.
Reason(R): Cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Ans: A
5. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell.
6. Robert Brown later discovered the nucleus.
7. Advancement in microscopy is due to cytolgy. T
8. Schwann discovered and named plasma membrane. F
9. In 1838, Matthias Schleiden, a German botanist, examined a large number of plants and
observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cells which form the tissues of the
plant.
10. At about the same time, Theodore Schwann (1839), a British Zoologist, studied different types
of animal cells and reported that cells had a thin outer layer which is today known as the
‘plasma membrane’.
11. Following statements were said by which scientist, write down his name in blank?
(i) Presence of cell wall is a unique character of the plant cells.
Answer: Theodore Schwann
(ii) Bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells.
Answer: Theodore Schwann
(iii) Cells divided and new cells are formed from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e cellula).
Answer: Rudolf Virchow
(iv) All living organisms are composed of cells and products of cells.
Answer: Rudolf Virchow
(v) All plants are composed of different kinds of cells which form the tissues of the plant.
Answer: Matthias Schleiden
12. Who formulated the cell theory?
Answer: Schleiden and Schwann together formulated the cell theory.
13. Rudolf Virchow (1855)give the cell theory a final shape.
14. Answer A
15. (c) pre-existing cells
16. Typical plant cells: onion peel, Typical animal cells: human cheek cells
17. The onion cell, has a distinct cell wall as its outer boundary and just within it is the cell membrane.
18. Inside each cell is a dense membrane bound structure called nucleus.
19. This nucleus contains the chromosomes which in turn contain the genetic material, DNA.
20. Cells that have membrane bound nuclei are called eukaryotes whereas cells that lack a membrane bound
nucleus are prokaryotes.
21. In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, a semi-fluid matrix called cytoplasm occupies the volume of the
cell.
22. The cytoplasm is the main arena of cellular activities in both the plant and animal cells.
23. How many cell parts have no membrane, double and single membrane respectively? Answer: ____,
____ & ____
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Microbodies, Vacuoles,
Ribosomes, Inclusion bodies, Mesosome, Chromatophores, Nucleus, Chloroplast, Chromoplasts,
Centrosome, Centrioles, Leucoplasts
24. The prokaryotic cells lack such membrane bound organelles.
25. Ribosome are non-membrane bound organelles found in all cells – both eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic.
26. Within the cell, ribosomes are found not only in the cytoplasm but also within the two organelles –
chloroplasts (in plants) and mitochondria and on smooth ER.
27. Animal cells contain another non-membrane bound organelle called centriole which helps in cell division.
28. Assertion(A): Cells differ greatly in size, shape and activities.
Reason(R): The shape of the cell may vary with the function they perform.
Answer: A
29. Fill in the blank with cell and their size.
(i) Smallest cells: Mycoplasma; Size: 0.3 µm
(ii) Typical bacteria is 1 to 2 µm and could be 3 to 5 µm in length.
(iii) Largest isolated single cell is ostrich egg.
(iv) Human red blood cells are about 7 µm in diameter.
(v) Neuron are some of the longest cells.
(vi) PPLO: 0.3 µm
(vii) Viruses: 0.02 to 0.2 µm
(viii) A typical eukaryotic cell: 10 to 20 µm
30. The prokaryotic cells are represented by bacteria, blue-green algae, mycoplasma and PPLO (Pleuro
Pneumonia Like Organisms).

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