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1. Which among the following is NOT related to the 1. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lksuHkæ f”kys ls lacafèkr ugha gS\
Sonbhadra district? (a) ly•ku thok'e ikdZ
(a) Salkhan Fossils Park (b) eqD•k tyçikr
(b) Mukkha Waterfall (c) ohj yksfjd iRFkj
(c) Veer Lorik Stone
(d) y•fu;k njh tyçikr
(d) Lakhaniya Dari Waterfalls
2. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl o"kZ esa jkW;y bafM;u usoh HMIS
2. In which of the following years did the Royal Indian
ryokj ds jsfVaXl us fonzksg fd;k\
Navy (RIN) ratings of HMIS Talwar rebel?
(a) 1942 (b) 1943
(a) 1942 (b) 1943
(c) 1945 (d) 1946
(c) 1945 (d) 1946
3. Hkkjr esa lcls igys lw;Z dgk¡ mxrk gS\
3. Where does the Sun first rise in India?
(a) Mksax (b) dPNy
(a) Dong (b) Katchal
(c) Changlang (d) Nagaur (c) pkaxykax (d) ukxkSj

4. Consider the following statements regarding Central 4. dsanzh; cSad fMftVy djsalh ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
Bank Digital Currency: ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. It is a legal tender issued by the Reserve Bank 1. ;g Hkkjrh; fj”koZ cSad (RBI) }kjk tkjh ,d yhxy
of India (RBI). VsaMj gSA
2. It is a sovereign currency in electronic form. 2. ;g bysDVªkWfud :i esa ,d laizHkq eqæk gSA
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
5. Which of the following adds/add nitrogen to the 5. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lh izfØ;k e`nk esa ukbVªkstu tksM+rk@
soil? tksM+rs gS@gSa\
1. Excretion of urea by animals 1. i'kqvksa }kjk ;wfj;k dk mRltZu
2. Burning of coal by man 2. euq";ksa }kjk dks;ys dks tykuk
3. Death of vegetation
3. ouLifr;ksa dh e`R;q
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
6. Bhinmal, during early medieval times, was the 6. çkjafHkd eè;;qxhu dky ds nkSjku Hkhueky] fuEufyf•r
capital of which of the following kingdoms? esa ls fdl lkezkT; dh jktèkkuh Fkh\
(a) Palas (a) iky
(b) Chauhans (b) pkSgku
(c) Gurjara-Pratihara (c) xqtZj&çfrgkj
(d) Tomaras (d) rksej

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7. Which of the following colonial Acts made the 7. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl vkSifuosf'kd vfèkfu;e us eækl
Governors of Madras and Bombay Presidencies vkSj ckWEcs çslhMsalh ds xouZjksa dks caxky ds xouZj&tujy
subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal? ds vèkhuLFk dj fn;k\
(a) Regulating Act of 1773 (a) 1773 dk jsX;wysfVax vfèkfu;e
(b) Pitt’s India Act of 1784
(b) 1784 dk fiV~l bafM;k vfèkfu;e
(c) Charter Act of 1793
(c) 1793 dk pkVZj vfèkfu;e
(d) Charter Act of 1813
(d) 1813 dk pkVZj vfèkfu;e
8. Which of the following defines the relationship
between rates of taxation and the resulting levels of 8. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu djkèkku dh njksa vkSj ljdkjh
Government revenue? jktLo ds ifj.kkeh Lrjksa ds chp lacaèk dks ifjHkkf"kr
(a) Laffer Curve (b) Budget Line djrk gS\
(c) Angel Curve (d) Demand Curve (a) ykiQj oØ (b) ctV js•k
9. Which of the following is correct regarding the (c) ,atsy oØ (d) ekax oØ
Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak 9. çk;ksfxd mUur lqijdaMfDVax Vksdked (EAST) ds lacaèk
(EAST)? esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS\
(a) It is a project of NASA related to the exploration (a) ;g o#.k dh •kst ls lacafèkr uklk dh ,d
of Neptune. ifj;kstuk gSA
(b) It is an artificial sun experiment of China.
(b) ;g phu dk ^Ñf=ke lw;Z* lacaèkh ç;ksx gSA
(c) It is an experiment of Japan related to Moon
(c) ;g tkiku dk paæ fe'ku ls lacafèkr ,d ç;ksx gSA
mission.
(d) ;g varjkZ"Vªh; varfj{k LVs'ku ls lacafèkr :l dh
(d) It is a project of Russian astronauts related to
International Space Station. ,d ifj;kstuk gSA
10. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly 10. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ;qXe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
matched? (a) okYehfd vkJe & tkSuiqj
(a) Valmiki Ashram – Jaunpur (b) ukuk lkgc Lekjd & fcBwj
(b) Nana Saheb Smarak – Bithur (c) osnO;kl eafnj & dkyih
(c) Vedvyas Temple – Kalpi (d) xqIr xksnkojh & fp=kdwV
(d) Gupt Godavari – Chitrakoot
11. mÙkj çns'k esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk esyk lkaçnkf;d
11. Which of the following fairs in Uttar Pradesh is ln~Hkko dks fpfÉr djrk gS\
marked with communal harmony?
(a) 'kkdaHkjh esyk (b) ukSpanh esyk
(a) Shakumbhari Fair (b) Nauchandi Fair
(c) ;e f}rh;k esyk (d) jFk esyk
(c) Yam Dwitiya Fair (d) Rath Fair
12. fdldh lykg ij Hkhejko vacsMdj dks dsaæh; eaf=keaMy
12. B.R. Ambedkar was asked to join the Union Cabinet
as Law Minister on the advice of esa dkuwu ea=kh ds :i esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) Rajendra Prasad (a) jktsaæ çlkn
(b) Mahatma Gandhi (b) egkRek xkaèkh
(c) Tej Bahadur Sapru (c) rst cgknqj lçw
(d) Jawahar Lal Nehru (d) tokgj yky usg:

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 3 3
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13. The latitude that passes through Rajasthan also 13. jktLFkku ls xqtjus okyk v{kka'k xqtjrk gS
passes through (a) iatkc ls gksdj (b) fgekpy çns'k ls gksdj
(a) Punjab (b) Himachal Pradesh (c) ef.kiqj ls gksdj (d) flfDde ls gksdj
(c) Manipur (d) Sikkim
14. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu ,d fuf'pr vofèk esa fdlh ns'k
14. Which of the following defines the total market value ds Hkhrj mRikfnr lHkh vafre oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds dqy
of all final goods and services produced within a ck”kkj ewY; dks ifjHkkf"kr djrk gS\
country in a given period of time?
(a) ldy ?kjsyw mRikn
(a) GDP
(b) ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn
(b) GNP
(c) fuoy ?kjsyw mRikn
(c) NDP
(d) fuoy jk"Vªh; mRikn
(d) NNP
15. With reference to the Ecosystem, consider the 15. ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj
following statements: dhft;s%
1. It is the structural and functional unit of the 1. ;g thoeaMy dh lajpukRed vkSj dk;kZRed
biosphere. bdkbZ gSA
2. It contains biotic components only. 2. blesa dsoy tSfod ?kVd gksrs gSaA
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
16. Which of the following statements is/are correct 16. eqgEen fcu rqxyd ds lacèa k esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@
regarding Muhammad bin Tughlaq? ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. He was the only Delhi Sultan who had received 1. og ,dek=k fnYyh lqYrku Fkk ftlus O;kid lk{kjrk
comprehensive literacy. izkIr dh FkhA
2. Isami, Barani and Ibn Battuta were some 2. blkeh] cjuh vkSj bCu crwrk mlds le; ds dqN
contemporary writers of his time. ledkyhu ys•d FksA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 1
(a) 1 only
(b) dsoy 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2

17. From which of the following Acts, the laws made 17. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl vfèkfu;e ls Hkkjr esa cus dkuwuksa
in India were called Acts in place of Regulations? dks ^jsxqys'ku* ds LFkku ij ^vfèkfu;e* dgk tkus yxk\
(a) Charter Act, 1793 (a) pkVZj vfèkfu;e] 1793
(b) Charter Act, 1813 (b) pkVZj vfèkfu;e] 1813
(c) Charter Act, 1833 (c) pkVZj vfèkfu;e] 1833
(d) Charter Act, 1853 (d) pkVZj vfèkfu;e] 1853

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 4 4
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18. Which of the following statements is correct about 18. flfydk ,jkstsy ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk
Silica Aerogel? dFku lgh gS\
(a) It is a wet scrubber used to clean oil spill. (a) ;g ,d vknzZ LØcj gS ftldk mi;ksx rsy fjlko
(b) It is an organic fertilizer, that sticks water into dks lkiQ djus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA
the roots of the plant. (b) ;g ,d tSfod moZjd gS] tks ikuh dks ikSèks dh
(c) It is a gel that will protect space shuttle from tM+ksa esa fpidk nsrk gSA
over heating. (c) ;g ,d tsy gS tks varfj{k ;ku dks vfèkd rki ls
(d) It is an insulating material. cpk,xkA
19. What does ‘I’ in ‘D-SIB’ stand for? (d) ;g ,d bUlqysV lkexzh gSA
(a) India (b) International 19. ^Mh-&,l-vkbZ-ch-* (D-SIB) esa ^vkbZ* dk D;k vFkZ gS\
(c) Important (d) Indigenous (a) Hkkjr (b) varjkZ"Vªh;
20. Which of the following districts of Uttar Pradesh (c) egÙoiw.kZ (d) ns'kt
does NOT share its boundary with Uttarakhand?
20. mÙkj çns'k dk fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk f”kyk mÙkjk•aM
(a) Moradabad (b) Pilibhit ds lkFk viuh lhek lk>k ugha djrk gS\
(c) Rampur (d) Lakhimpur (a) eqjknkckn (b) ihyhHkhr
21. Consider the following statements: (c) jkeiqj (d) y•heiqj
1. RUSTOM is designed and manufactured by
21. fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
Aeronautical Development Establishment.
1. #Lre dks oSekfudh fodkl çfr"Bku }kjk fM”kkbu
2. NETRA is the first indigenously built Airborne
vkSj fufeZr fd;k x;k gSA
Early Warning and Control System (AEW&C).
2. us=k igyh Lons'k fufeZr ,;jcksuZ vyhZ okfu±x ,aM
3. MUNTRA is India’s first unmanned, remotely
daVªksy flLVe (AEW-C) gSA
operated tank.
3. ea=k Hkkjr dk igyk ekuo jfgr fjeksV lapkfyr VSd
a gSA
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(c) dsoy 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
22. Who among the following was NOT a member of
the Constituent Assembly? 22. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lafoèkku lHkk dk lnL; ugha Fkk\
(a) K.M. Munshi (a) ds-,e- eqa'kh
(b) Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar (b) vYyknh Ñ".kkLokeh vÕ;j
(c) B.N. Rau (c) ch-,u- jko
(d) B.R. Ambedkar (d) ch-vkj- vacsMdj

23. Tropic of Cancer does NOT pass through which of 23. ddZ js•k fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl jkT; ls gksdj ugha
the following states? xqtjrh gS\
(a) Rajasthan (a) jktLFkku
(b) Madhya Pradesh (b) eè; çns'k
(c) Jharkhand (c) >kj•aM
(d) Manipur (d) ef.kiqj

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 5 5
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24. Which of the following is/are the index/indices 24. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls eqækLiQhfr ls lacfa èkr lwpdkad
related to inflation? gS@gSa\
(a) Consumer Price Index (a) miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad
(b) Wholesale Price Index (b) Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad
(c) Producer Price Index
(c) fuekZrk ewY; lwpdkad
(d) All of the above
(d) mijksDr lHkh
25. Which one of the following pair of animals is warm
25. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk tarq m".k jDrik;h gS\
blooded?
(a) Crocodile and Ostrich (a) exjePN vkSj 'kqrqjeqxZ
(b) Hagfish and Dogfish (b) gSxfiQ'k vkSj MkWxfiQ'k
(c) Tortoise and Ostrich (c) dNqvk vkSj 'kqrqjeqxZ
(d) Peacock and Camel (d) eksj vkSj Åa¡V
26. Khalisa lands were 26. •kylk Hkwfe Fkh
(a) assigned to officials in place of payment for (a) vfèkdkfj;ksa dks mudh lsokvksa ds fy;s Hkqxrku ds
their services. LFkku ij lkSaih xbZ HkwfeA
(b) given to military officials in lieu of their loyalty (b) jktk ds çfr oiQknkjh ds cnys lSU; vfèkdkfj;ksa dks
towards the king. nh xbZ HkwfeA
(c) land under the direct control of the Sultan.
(c) lqYrku ds çR;{k :i ls fu;a=k.k esa HkwfeA
(d) None of the above.
(d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ughaA
27. On which of the following days, Constituent
27. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl fnu lafoèkku lHkk dh igyh cSBd
Assembly held its first meeting?
(a) 9 December 1946 (b) 26 January 1946
vk;ksftr gqbZ\
(c) 14 August 1947 (d) 24 November 1947 (a) 9 fnlacj] 1946 (b) 26 tuojh] 1946
(c) 14 vxLr] 1947 (d) 24 uoacj] 1947
28. With reference to the Parvatmala Scheme, consider
the following statements: 28. ioZrekyk ;kstuk ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj
1. It is a National Ropeways Development dhft;s%
Programme. 1. ;g ,d jk"Vªh; jksios fodkl dk;ZØe gSA
2. It will improve connectivity in hilly areas. 2. blls igkM+h {ks=kksa esa dusfDVfoVh esa lqèkkj gksxkA
3. It is a Central Sector Scheme. 3. ;g ,d dsaæh; {ks=k dh ;kstuk gSA
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
(c) dsoy 2 vkSj 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
29. With respect to the National Internet Exchange of
29. Hkkjr ds jk"Vªh; baVjusV ,Dlpsat (NIXI) ds lacaèk esa
India (NIXI), consider the following statements:
1. NIXI is a not-for-profit organization.
fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
2. IPv4 is the most widely used IP (Internet 1. fuDlh (NIXI) ,d xSj&ykHkdkjh laxBu gSA
Protocol) version. 2. IPv4 lcls O;kid :i ls mi;ksx fd;k tkus okyk
3. IPv6 has the capability to provide an infinite IP (baVjusV çksVksdkWy) laLdj.k gSA
number of addresses. 3. IPv6 esa vuar la[;k esa irs çnku djus dh {kerk gSA

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 6 6
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Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) dsoy 3
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 (c) dsoy 2 vkSj 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
30. Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary which is proposed to be 30. jkuhiqj oU;tho vHk;kj.; tks mÙkj çns'k dk pkSFkk izLrkfor
the 4th Tiger Reserve of Uttar Pradesh is located in
ck?k vHk;kj.; gS] fLFkr gS
(a) Etawa (b) Sonbhadra
(a) bVkok esa (b) lksuHkæ esa
(c) Maharajganj (d) Chitrakoot
(c) egkjktxat esa (d) fp=kdwV esa
31. With reference to the ancient site ‘Lahuradewa’ in
Uttar Pradesh, consider the following statements: 31. mÙkj çns'k ds çkphu LFky ^ygqjknso* ds lanHkZ esa
1. It is the oldest site of rice cultivation in the fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
world. 1. ;g fo'o esa pkoy dh •srh dk lcls iqjkuk LFky gSA
2. It is located in the Mirzapur district of Uttar 2. ;g mÙkj çns'k ds fetkZiqj f”kys esa fLFkr gSA
Pradesh. mi;ZqDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
32. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus dgk Fkk fd ,d i`Fkd fuokZpd
32. Who among the following said that a separate eaMy ¶gekjs ns'k dh jktuhfr esa ços'k djus okyk tgj gS¸\
electorate was a “poison that has entered the body
(a) ykyk yktir jk;
politic of our country”?
(b) oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Vallabh Bhai Patel (c) lqHkk"k paæ cksl
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose (d) xksfoan oYyHk iar
(d) Govind Vallabh Pant 33. ;fn lw;Z v#.kkpy çns'k ds rokax esa lqcg 5.30 cts
33. If the Sun rises at Tawang in Arunachal Pradesh at (IST) mxrk gS rks xqtjkr ds okih esa lw;kZsn; fdl le;
5.30 am (IST) then at what time (IST) will the (IST) gksxk\
Sunrise in Vapi, Gujarat? (a) yxHkx 5.30 a.m. (b) yxHkx 6.30 a.m.
(a) About 5.30 a.m. (b) About 6.30 a.m. (c) yxHkx 7 a.m. (d) yxHkx 7.30 a.m.
(c) About 7 a.m. (d) About 7.30 a.m.
34. okW;l vksoj ykWUx&VeZ boksY;w'ku (VoLTE) vkSj ykWUx&VeZ
34. Regarding Voice over Long-Term Evolution boksY;w'ku (LTE) ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij
(VoLTE) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE), consider fopkj dhft;s%
the following statements:
1. VoLTE ,d ,slh rduhd gS tks okW;l ds lkFk&lkFk
1. VoLTE is a technology that supports voice as
MsVk Vªkalfe'ku dks Hkh liksVZ djrh gSA
well as data transmission.
2. ;fn MsVk dusD'ku pkyw gS] rks VoLTE esa vkokt
2. Voice quality degrades in VoLTE, if the data
connection is on. dh xq.koÙkk •jkc gks tkrh gSA
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 7 7
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35. The benefits of biological diversity include: 35. tSfod fofoèkrk ds ykHkksa esa 'kkfey gSa%
1. Regulation of extreme events 1. pje ekSleh ?kVukvksa dk fofu;eu
2. Future Resources 2. Hkfo"; ds lalkèku
3. Soil erosion 3. e`nk vijnu
4. Provide breeding material for crop improvement 4. iQly lqèkkj ds fy;s ubZ fdLe lkexzh dh miyCèkrk
5. Crop fertilization 5. iQly fu"kspu
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 3, 4 vkSj 5 (b) dsoy 2, 4 vkSj 5
(a) 3, 4 and 5 only (b) 2, 4 and 5 only
(c) dsoy 1, 2, 4 vkSj 5 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 vkSj 5
(c) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
36. Which of the following is a tool used in monetary 36. vkj-ch-vkbZ- }kjk ekSfæd uhfr esa mi;ksx fd;k tkus okyk
policy by the RBI that allows banks to borrow fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk midj.k gS tks cSd a ksa dks iqu•Zjhn
money through repurchase agreements? le>kSrks@a (jsiks) ds ekè;e ls èku mèkkj ysus dh vuqefr nsrk gS\
(a) Divestment (a) fofuos'k
(b) Liquid Adjustment Facility (b) rjy lek;kstu lqfoèkk
(c) Asset Monetization (c) laifÙk eqæhdj.k
(d) Bilateral Investment Treaty (d) f}i{kh; fuos'k lafèk
37. The original Constitution contained: 37. ewy lafoèkku esa 'kkfey Fks%
1. Preamble 2. 395 Articles 1. çLrkouk 2. 395 vuqPNsn
3. 12 Schedules 3. 12 vuqlwfp;k¡
Select the correct answer using the codes given uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below. dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
38. •k| ;ksT;ksa ds ckjs esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
38. Consider the following statements about food
1. lksfM;e csatks,V ,d ifjj{kd gS ftldk mi;ksx
additives:
gkfudkjd cSDVhfj;k vkSj ;hLV dks •jkc gksus ls
1. Sodium benzoate is a preservative which is
used to prevent spoilage from harmful bacteria
lajf{kr djus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA
and yeasts. 2. ,LikVZse dk mi;ksx vkerkSj ij rS;kj •k| inkFkks±
2. Aspartame is commonly used as a sweetener vkSj is; inkFkks± esa LohVuj ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA
in prepared foods and beverages. 3. dslj ,d flaFksfVd •k| jax gS ftldk mi;ksx •k|
3. Saffron is a synthetic edible colour which is inkFkks± esa mudh mifLFkfr dks csgrj cukus ds fy;s
used in food items to improve their appearance. fd;k tkrk gSA
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1 only (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (d) dsoy 1

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39. Consider the following statements in regards to the 39. ^xq#Rokd"kZ.k ysaflax* 'kCn ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
term ‘Gravitational Lensing’: ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. Einstein in his theory of general relativity says 1. vkbaLVhu us vius lkekU; lkis{krk fl¼kar esa dgk
that light is bent by mass. gS fd çdk'k æO;eku }kjk >qd tkrk gSA
2. The mass of the object is directly proportional
2. oLrq dk æO;eku çdk'k ds >qdus ds lekuqikrh
to the bending of light.
gksrk gSA
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only
(a) dsoy 1
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (b) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa

40. Which of the following statements is/are correct (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
about the ‘Hindi Sahitya Sammelan’? 40. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku ^fganh lkfgR; lEesyu*
1. It is an institution of national importance. ds fo"k; esa lgh gS@gSa\
2. It was established in 1910 at Lucknow. 1. ;g jk"Vªh; egÙo dh laLFkk gSA
Select the correct answer using the codes given 2. bldh LFkkiuk 1910 esa y•uÅ esa gqbZ FkhA
below. uhps fn;s x;s dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes:
dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
41. How many seats were won by the national parties
in the Uttar Pradesh Assembly election 2022? 41. mÙkj çns'k foèkkulHkk pquko 2022 esa jk"Vªh; nyksa us
(a) 273 (b) 255 fdruh lhVsa thrh\
(c) 258 (d) 366 (a) 273 (b) 255

42. Which of the following statements is NOT correct (c) 258 (d) 366
about Begum Aizaz Rasul? 42. csxe ,tkt jlwy ds fo"k; esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk
(a) She was a member of the Muslim League. dFku lgh ugha gS\
(b) She was the only Muslim women member of (a) og eqfLye yhx dh lnL; FkhaA
the Constituent Assembly. (b) og lafoèkku lHkk dh ,dek=k eqfLye efgyk
(c) She was strongly in favor of a separate lnL; FkhaA
electorate.
(c) og i`Fkd fuokZpd eaMy ds i{k esa FkhA
(d) She had her political representation from Uttar
(d) mudk jktuhfrd çfrfufèkRo mÙkj çns'k ls FkkA
Pradesh.
43. Hkkjr dk lcls nf{k.kh fcanq gS
43. The Southernmost point of India is
(a) Kanyakumari (a) dU;kdqekjh
(b) Rameshwaram (b) jkes'oje
(c) Indira Col (c) bafnjk dksy
(d) Indira Point (d) bafnjk ikWbaV

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 9 9
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44. Consider the following statements: 44. fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. MIBOR is India’s interbank rate. 1. eqacbZ baVjcSad vkWiQj jsV (MIBOR) Hkkjr dh
2. LIBOR is the interest rate at which major global varj&cSad nj gSA
banks lend to one another. 2. yanu baVjcSd
a vkWiQj nj (LIBOR) og C;kt nj gS ftl
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? nj ij çeq• oSf'od cSad ,d nwljs dks mèkkj nsrs gSaA
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
45. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
answer using the codes given below the lists. 45. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj uhps fn;s x,
List-I List-II dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft;sA
(National Park) (State) lwph&I lwph&II
A. Indravati 1. Jharkhand (jk"Vªh; m|ku) (jkT;)
B. Mollem 2. Haryana A. baækorh 1. >kj•aM
C. Kalesar 3. Goa B. eksyse 2. gfj;k.kk
D. Betla 4. Chhattisgarh C. dkyslj 3. xksok
Codes:

D. csryk 4. NÙkhlx<+
A B C D
dwV%
(a) 4 3 2 1 A B C D
(b) 4 2 3 1 (a) 4 3 2 1
(c) 4 1 3 2 (b) 4 2 3 1
(d) 3 4 2 1 (c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 3 4 2 1
46. Different element’s atoms with the same number of
neutrons are called 46. fofHkUu rÙoksa ds ijek.kq ftudh U;wVªkWu la[;k leku gksrh
(a) Isotones (b) Isobars gS] os dgykrs gSa
(c) Isotopes (d) Isothermal (a) vkblksVksUl (b) vkblkscklZ
(c) vkblksVksIl (d) vkblksFkeZy
47. Which of the following Articles of the Indian
Constitution came into force on 26 November 1949? 47. Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls vuqPNsn
1. Article 5 2. Article 6 26 uoacj] 1949 dks ykxw gq,\
3. Article 60 4. Article 324 1. vuqPNsn 5 2. vuqPNsn 6
3. vuqPNsn 60 4. vuqPNsn 324
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below. uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 and 2 only (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2
(b) 1 and 3 only (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (c) dsoy 2, 3 vkSj 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 vkSj 4

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48. What is the maximum time limit to file an Updated 48. vfrfjDr dj ds Hkqxrku ij viMsVsM fjVuZ nkf•y djus
Return on payment of additional Tax? dh vfèkdre le; lhek D;k gS\
(a) Two months (b) Six months
(a) nks eghus (b) Ng eghus
(c) One year (d) Two years
(c) ,d o"kZ (d) nks o"kZ
49. Which of the following theories was propounded by
Hugo de Vries? 49. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk fl¼kar áwxks Mh ozht }kjk
(a) Cell Theory çfrikfnr fd;k x;k Fkk\
(b) Homeostasis (a) dksf'kdk fl¼kar
(c) Gene Theory (b) lefLFkfr dk fl¼kar
(d) Theory of Mutation (c) thu fl¼kar
50. Recently, International Dhrupad Mela was organised, (d) mRifjorZu dk fl¼kar
in Varanasi. It was first started in the year
50. gky gh esa] okjk.klh esa varjkZ"Vªh; èkzqin esyk vk;ksftr
(a) 1956 (b) 1965
fd;k x;k FkkA ;g igyh ckj fdl o"kZ esa 'kq: fd;k
(c) 1974 (d) 1985
x;k Fkk\
51. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly
matched? (a) 1956 (b) 1965
(c) 1974 (d) 1985
Institution Year of
establishment 51. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ;qXe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
(a) Uttar Pradesh Hindi – 1976 laLFkku LFkkiuk o"kZ
Sansthan
(a) mÙkj çns'k fganh laLFkku & 1976
(b) Uttar Pradesh Sanskrit – 1936
Sansthan (b) mÙkj çns'k laLÑr laLFkku & 1936
(c) Uttar Pradesh Urdu – 1972 (c) mÙkj çns'k mnZw vdkneh & 1972
Academy (d) jk"Vªh; dFkd laLFkku & 1988
(d) Rashtriya Kathak – 1988
Sansthan 52. eqfLye yhx us 1946 esa fdl rkjh[k dks ^çR;{k dk;Zokgh
fnol* dh ?kks"k.kk dh Fkh\
52. Muslim League announced ‘Direct Action Day’ in
1946 on which of the following dates? (a) 16 twu
(a) 16 June (b) 16 vxLr
(b) 16 August (c) 8 flracj
(c) 8 September (d) 16 fnlacj
(d) 16 December
53. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ns'k Hkkjr ds lkFk lcls yach
53. Which of the following countries shares the longest
lhek lk>k djrk gS\
border with India?
(a) ikfdLrku
(a) Pakistan
(b) Myanmar (b) E;ka¡ekj
(c) Bangladesh (c) ckaXykns'k
(d) Nepal (d) usiky

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54. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly 54. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ;qXe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
matched?
mÙkj oSfnd ;qx vFkZ
Terms Meaning ls tqM+s 'kCn
associated with (a) Ñ".k v;l & yksgs ds vkStkj
Later Vedic Age
(b) ozhfg & xsgwa¡ ds fy;s ç;qDr ,d
(a) Krishna-ayas – Iron implements
uke
(b) Vrihi – A name for wheat
(c) xks?kuk@xks?u & eos'kh dk ek¡l f•yk;s
(c) Goghna – One fed on cattle
(d) Sangrihitri – Officer for collecting
tkus okyk vfFkfr
tax (d) laxzfg=kh & dj laxzg vfèkdkjh
55. Which of the following protected areas of Uttar 55. mÙkj çns'k dk fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk lajf{kr {ks=k
Pradesh is associated with the Census of Otters? Ånfcyko dh tux.kuk ls tqM+k gS\
(a) Pilibhit Tiger Reserve
(a) ihyhHkhr Vkbxj fj”koZ
(b) Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary
(b) fd'kuiqj oU;tho vHk;kj.;
(c) Dudhwa National Park
(d) Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary (c) nqèkok jk"Vªh; m|ku
56. Which state in India was the first to issue Masala (d) drfuZ;k?kkV oU;tho vHk;kj.;
Bonds?
56. elkyk ck.M tkjh djus okyk Hkkjr dk igyk jkT; dkSu&lk Fkk\
(a) Kerala (b) Karnataka
(a) dsjy (b) dukZVd
(c) Maharashtra (d) Goa
(c) egkjk"Vª (d) xksok
57. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly
matched? 57. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ;qXe lgh lqesfyr ugha gS\
(a) First – N ames of the State and Union (a) igyh vuqlwph & jkT; vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ds
Schedule Territories uke
(b) Eighth – Languages recognised by the
(b) vkBoha vuqlwph & lfa oèkku }kjk ekU;rk çkIr Hkk"kk,¡
Schedule Constitution
(c) Eleventh – Specifies powers of (c) X;kjgoha vuqlwph & uxjikfydkvksa dh 'kfDr;k¡
Schedule Municipalities (d) nloha vuqlwph & laln vkSj jkT; foèkkueaMy ds
(d) Tenth – Provisions relating to
lnL;ksa dh fujgZrk ls lacafèkr
Schedule disqualification of Members of
Parliament and State Legislature micaèk
58. Who among the following was the teacher of Surdas? 58. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lwjnkl ds xq# Fks\
(a) Vallabhacharya (b) Ramananda (a) oYyHkkpk;Z (b) jkekuan
(c) Madhava (d) Nimbarka (c) ekèko (d) fuEckdZ
59. Which among the following are examples of
59. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls twuksfVd jksxksa ds mnkgj.k gSa\
zoonotic diseases?
1. Ebola virus disease 2. Salmonellosis 1. bcksyk ok;jl jksx 2. lkYeksusyksfll
3. HIV 4. COVID-19 3. ,p-vkbZ-oh- 4. dksfoM&19

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Select the correct answer using the codes given uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below. dwV%
Codes: (a) dsoy 1, 2 vkSj 3 (b) dsoy 2, 3 vkSj 4
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only (c) dsoy 1, 3 vkSj 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 vkSj 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
60. ^èkqjax* u`R; mÙkj çns'k ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl vkfnoklh
60. ‘Dhurang’ dance is related to which of the following
leqnk; ls lacafèkr gS\
tribal communities of Uttar Pradesh?
(a) Fkk: (b) cqDlk
(a) Tharu (b) Buksa
(c) HkksfV;k (d) tkSulkjh
(c) Bhotiya (d) Jaunsari
61. mÙkj çns'k fo'ks"k lqj{kk cy (UPSSF) dk xBu dc
61. Uttar Pradesh Special Security Force (UPSSF) was
formed in
fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) 2018 (b) 2019
(a) 2018 (b) 2019
(c) 2020 (d) 2021 (c) 2020 (d) 2021

62. Consider the following statements regarding the 62. 1857 ds foæksg ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj
Revolt of 1857: dhft;s%
1. The Hall of Justice was set up by rebel leaders 1. gkWy vkWiQ tfLVl dh LFkkiuk voèk {ks=k esa foæksgh
in the Oudh region. usrkvksa }kjk dh xbZ FkhA
2. In the war of Chinhat, Henry Lawrence was 2. fpugV ds ;q¼ esa gsujh ykWjsal dks LFkkuh; foæksgh
defeated by local rebel forces. cyksa us ijkftr fd;k FkkA
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
63. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as 63. uhps nks dFku fn;s x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) vkSj
Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R): nwljs dks dkj.k (R) ds :i esa yscy fd;k x;k gS%
Assertion (A): The rivers originating from the

vfHkdFku (A)% fgeky; ls fudyus okyh ufn;k¡
Himalayas are perennial.
ckjgeklh gksrh gSaA
Reason (R): Southwestern monsoon provides the

dkj.k (R)% nf{k.k&if'peh ekulwu fgeky; dks vfèkdka'k
majority of precipitation to the Himalayas.
o"kkZ çnku djrk gSA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below.
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct (a) nksuksa (A) vkSj (R) lR; gSa vkSj (R) (A) dh lgh
explanation of (A) O;k[;k gS
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the (b) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lR; gSa] ysfdu (R) (A) dh
correct explanation of (A) lgh O;k[;k ugha gS
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false (c) (A) lR; gS] ysfdu (R) vlR; gS
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true (d) (A) vlR; gS] ysfdu (R) lR; gS

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 13 13
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64. The ASEEM Portal was mentioned by the Finance 64. vlhe iksVZy dk mYys• foÙk ea=kh us vius ctV Hkk"k.k
Minister in her Budget speech 2022-23. What does 2022&23 esa fd;k FkkA ;g fdlls lacafèkr gS\
it relate to?
(a) çfr;ksxh ijh{kk ds mEehnokjksa dks foÙkh; lgk;rk
(a) Providing financial help to competitive exam
çnku djus ls
aspirants
(b) Helping skilled people find sustainable (b) dq'ky yksxksa dks LFkk;h vkthfodk ds volj •kstus
livelihood opportunities esa enn djus ls
(c) Helping Anganwadi workers (c) vk¡xuokM+h dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dh enn djus ls
(d) None of the above (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
65. The meaning of ‘Carbon Footprint’ is described by 65. ^dkcZu iQqVfçaV* dk vFkZ fdlds }kjk of.kZr fd;k x;k gS\
the amount of
(a) fdlh fo'ks"k O;fDr] laxBu ;k leqnk; dh xfrfofèk;ksa
(a) Carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere
ds ifj.kkeLo:i okrkoj.k esa tkjh dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbMA
as a result of the activities of a particular
individual, organization or community. (b) Xykscy okfe±x esa ;ksxnku nsus okys m|ksxksa }kjk
(b) Greenhouse gases emitted by industries mRlftZr xzhugkml xSlsaA
contributing to global warming. (c) tsV b±èku ds tyus ls tkjh dkcZu mRltZuA
(c) Carbon emissions released by the burning of (d) isM+ksa dh dVkbZ ds dkj.k okrkoj.k esa dkcZu dh
jet fuel. ek=kk esa o`f¼A
(d) Increase in the carbon content of the atmosphere
due to the felling of trees. 66. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls fons'kh fooj.k esa lSaMªksdksVl ds

66. Who among the following was known as Sandrokottas

uke ls tkuk tkrk Fkk\
in foreign accounts? (a) dkSfVY;
(a) Kautilya (b) g"kZoèkZu
(b) Harshavardhana (c) paæxqIr ekS;Z
(c) Chandragupta Maurya (d) leqæxqIr
(d) Samudragupta
67. çLrkouk esa ^laçHkq* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS
67. The word ‘sovereign’ in the Preamble implies
1. Hkkjr ,d Lora=k jkT; gSA
1. India is an independent state.
2. Hkkjr fons'kh {ks=k dk vfèkxzg.k dj ldrk gSA
2. India can acquire foreign territory.
3. There is no authority above India. 3. Hkkjr ds Åij fdlh vkSj dk vkfèkiR; ugha gSA

Select the correct answer using the codes given below. uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
68. Who among the following bhakti saints was
68. fuEufyf•r HkfDr larksa esa ls dkSu ejkBk jk"Vªokn dh
responsible for creating a background for Maratha
nationalism?
i`"BHkwfe fufeZr djus gsrq f”kEesnkj Fkk\
(a) Gnanadeva (b) Namadeva (a) Kkunso (b) ukenso
(c) Ekanatha (d) Tukaram (c) ,dukFk (d) rqdkjke

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69. Pustaz grassland is found in 69. iqLrk”k ?kklHkwfe ikbZ tkrh gS

(a) Hungary (b) Brazil (a) gaxjh esa (b) czkthy esa
(c) Australia (d) New Zealand (c) vkWLVªsfy;k esa (d) U;wthySaM esa
70. Fifth International Airport of Uttar Pradesh is going 70. mÙkj çns'k dk 5ok¡ varjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ vM~Mk dgk¡ LFkkfir
to be established in
gksus tk jgk gS\
(a) Kushinagar
(a) dq'khuxj
(b) Ayodhya
(b) v;ksè;k
(c) Jewar
(c) tsoj
(d) Saharanpur
(d) lgkjuiqj
71. With reference to the ‘Operation Kayakalp’, which
of the following statements is/are correct? 71. ^vkWijs'ku dk;kdYi* ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
1. It is related to the infrastructural makeover of dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
state-run schools. 1. ;g jkT; }kjk lapkfyr Ldwyksa ds volajpukRed
2. It was launched in the year 2021 to meet the cnyko ls lacafèkr gSA
post-Covid requirements in government 2. bls ljdkjh Ldw y ks a es a dks f oM ds ckn dh
schools. vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s o"kZ 2021 esa
Select the correct answer using the codes given 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA
below.
uhps fn;s x;s dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes:
dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) nksuksa 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
72. Consider the following statements about the Non-
Cooperation Movement: 72. vlg;ksx vkanksyu ds fo"k; esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij
1. Muslims participated in a huge number in the fopkj dhft;s%
movement. 1. vkanksyu esa eqlyekuksa us cM+h la[;k esa Hkkx fy;kA
2. In the Bardoli Resolution, Gandhi Ji announced 2. ckjnksyh çLrko }kjk xkaèkh th us vkanksyu dks okil
the withdrawal of the movement. ysus dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
Select the correct answer using the codes given uhps fn;s x;s dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
73. if'peh ?kkV dh lcls Å¡ph pksVh dkSu&lh gS\
73. Which is the highest peak of the Western Ghats?
(a) Anamudi (a) vukbZeqnh
(b) Doddabetta (b) MksMkcsV~Vk
(c) Kalsubai (c) dylwckbZ
(d) Chembra (d) psEczk

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 15 15
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74. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct 74. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj lwfp;ksa ds
answer using the codes given below the lists. uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Text) (Writer) (iqLrd) (ys•d)
A. Mushika Vamsa 1. Sandhyakara (a) ewf"kd oa'k 1. laè;kdkj uanh
Nandi
(b) jktrjafx.kh 2. fcYg.k
B. Rajatarangini 2. Bilhana
(c) foØekadnsopfjr 3. vrqy
C. Vikramanakadevacharita 3. Atula
D. Ramcharita 4. Kalhana (d) jkepfjr 4. dYg.k
Codes:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 1 4 3 2 (a) 1 4 3 2
(b) 3 4 1 2 (b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 2 1 3 4
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 3 4 2 1
(d) 3 4 2 1
75. Xykscy okfe±x ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls xzhugkml
75. Which one of the following is considered a
greenhouse gas in the context of global warming? xSl ekuk tkrk gS\
(a) Carbon monoxide (a) dkcZu eksuksvkWDlkbM
(b) Carbon dioxide (b) dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM
(c) Hydrogen (c) gkbMªkstu
(d) Oxygen (d) vkWDlhtu
76. The amount of hemoglobin in blood is expressed in 76. jDr esa gheksXyksfcu dh ek=kk O;Dr dh tkrh gS
(a) Grams per deciliter (a) xzke çfr MslhyhVj esa
(b) Milligram per decilitre (b) feyhxzke çfr MslhyhVj esa
(c) Parts per million (c) Hkkx çfr fefy;u esa
(d) MM of Hg (d) ikjk dk feyhehVj esa
77. Who is the current Speaker of the Uttar Pradesh 77. mÙkj çns'k foèkkulHkk ds orZeku vè;{k dkSu gSa\
Legislative Assembly?
(a) ân; ukjk;.k nhf{kr
(a) Hridaya Narayan Dikshit
(b) lrh'k egkuk
(b) Satish Mahana
(c) ekrk çlkn ik.Ms;
(c) Mata Prasad Pandey
(d) lq•nso jktHkj
(d) Sukhdeo Rajbhar
78. Who among the following during the Vijayanagar 78. fot;uxj dky ds nkSjku fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls vkaèkzdfork
period was also known as Andhrakavita Pitamaga? firkex ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk Fkk\
(a) Pingali Suranna (a) fiaxkyh lqjUuk
(b) Allasani Peddanna (b) vYyklkuh isíkuk
(c) Tenali Ramakrishna (c) rsukyh jkeÑ".k
(d) Gangadevi (d) xaxknsoh

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 16 16
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79. Which of the following planet/s does/do NOT rotate 79. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls xzg ,aVhDykWd okbt ugha
in an anti-clockwise direction? ?kwerk@?kwers gS@gSa\
1. Venus 1. 'kqØ
2. Jupiter 2. o`gLifr
3. Uranus
3. o#.k
4. Saturn
4. 'kfu
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 only (a) dsoy 1
(b) 2 and 3 only (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(c) 1 and 3 only (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3
(d) 4 only (d) dsoy 4
80. Recently, a bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha for 80. yksdlHkk esa gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k dh fdruh tkfr;ksa dks
the inclusion of how many castes of Uttar Pradesh vuqlwfpr tutkfr dh lwph esa 'kkfey djus ds fy;s ,d
in the list of Scheduled Tribes? foèks;d is'k fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) 4 (b) 6
(a) 4 (b) 6
(c) 9 (d) 11
(c) 9 (d) 11
81. The number of Indian Institute of Information
81. mÙkj çns'k esa LFkkfir Hkkjrh; lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku
Technology (IIT) established in Uttar Pradesh is
(IIITs) dh la[;k fdruh gS\
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4 (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
82. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as
Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R): 82. uhps nks dFku fn;s x;s gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) vkSj
Assertion (A): Mirzapur, during the first half of the
nwljs dks dkj.k (R) ds :i esa vafdr fd;k x;k gS%
18th century, was an important trading center in the vfHkdFku (A)% fetkZiqj] 18oha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ¼Z ds
Ganges valley. nkSjku] xaxk ?kkVh esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ O;kikfjd dsaæ FkkA
Reason (R): It served as a goods collecting centre
dkj.k (R)% ;g nDdu ls çkIr eky ,d=k djus okys
received from Deccan. dsanz ds :i esa dk;Z djrk FkkA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x;s dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below:
dwV%
Codes:
(a) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lR; gSa vkSj (R), (A) dh lgh
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A) O;k[;k gS
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the (b) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lR; gSa vkSj (R), (A) dh lgh
correct explanation of (A) O;k[;k ugha gS
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false (c) (A) lR; gS] ysfdu (R) vlR; gS
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true (d) (A) vlR; gS] ysfdu (R) lR; gS

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 17 17
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83. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct 83. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj uhps fn;s x,
answer using the codes given below the lists. dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Mountain Pass) (State/UT)
(ioZrh; njZs) (jkT;@la?k jkT; {ks=k)
A. Nathu La 1. Sikkim
A. ukFkw yk 1. flfDde
B. Aghil Pass 2. Uttarakhand
B. vf?ky njkZ 2. mÙkjk•aM
C. Kalindi La 3. Ladakh
D. Baralacha La 4. Himachal Pradesh C. dkfyanh yk 3. yík•
Codes: D. ckjkykpk yk 4. fgekpy çns'k
A B C D dwV%
(a) 2 1 3 4 A B C D
(b) 1 3 2 4 (a) 2 1 3 4
(c) 4 3 2 1 (b) 1 3 2 4
(d) 1 2 3 4 (c) 4 3 2 1
(d) 1 2 3 4
84. The Multidimensional Poverty Index was launched
by the 84. cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad fdlds }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) UNDP (b) UNEP (a) ;w-,u-Mh-ih- (UNDP) (b) ;w-,u-bZ-ih- (UNEP)
(c) OECD (d) UNIDO (c) vks-bZ-lh-Mh- (OECD) (d) ;wfuMks (UNIDO)
85. Presence of ozone in the atmosphere is important 85. ok;qeaMy esa vks”kksu dh mifLFkfr egÙoiw.kZ gS D;ksafd ;g
because it absorbs vo'kksf"kr djrh gS
(a) Ultraviolet-A and Ultraviolet-B radiations
(a) ijkcSaxuh&, vkSj ijkcSaxuh&ch fofdj.k
(b) Ultraviolet-B radiations only
(b) dsoy ijkcSaxuh&ch fofdj.k
(c) Infrared-B radiations only
(c) dsoy bUÚkjsM&ch fofdj.k
(d) Outgoing Ultraviolet-B radiations and
incoming Ultraviolet-A radiations (d) ijkofrZ r ijkcS a x uh&ch fofdj.k vkS j vkofrZ r
86. According to Budget 2022-23, what is the estimated
ijkcSaxuh&, fofdj.k
economic growth rate for the financial year 2021-22? 86. ctV 2022&23 ds vuqlkj foÙkh; o"kZ 2021&22 ds fy;s
(a) 8% (b) 7.5% vuqekfur vkfFkZd fodkl nj D;k gS\
(c) 11% (d) 9.2% (a) 8» (b) 7.5»
87. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) 11» (d) 9.2»
answer using the codes given below the lists.
87. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj lwfp;ksa ds
List-I List-II uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
(Political Party) (UP Assembly lwph&I lwph&II
Election 2022
(jktuhfrd ny) (;wih foèkkulHkk pquko
Seats Won)
2022 esa çkIr lhVsa)
A. Bharatiya Janata Party 1. 255
A. Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ 1. 255
B. Rashtriya Lok Dal 2. 12
C. Apna Dal 3. 8 B. jk"Vªh; yksd ny 2. 12
D. Indian National 4. 2 C. viuk ny 3. 8
Congress D. Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkWUxzsl 4. 2

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 18 18
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Codes: dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4 (a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 1 3 2 4 (b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 1 4 3 2 (c) 1 4 3 2
(d) 1 3 4 2 (d) 1 3 4 2
88. A Neolithic site called Gufkral, is located near which 88. uoik"kk.k dkyhu LFky xqiQdjky] fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl
of the following places?
LFkku ds fudV fLFkr gS\
(a) Bagor (b) Srinagar
(a) ckxksj (b) Jhuxj
(c) Belan Valley (d) Chirand
(c) csyu ?kkVh (d) fpjkan
89. The Kyzylkum Desert is divided between
1. Kazakhstan 2. Afghanistan 89. D;kftydqe e#LFky fdlds chp fLFkr gS
3. Kyrgyzstan 4. Uzbekistan 1. dtkfdLrku 2. viQxkfuLrku
Select the correct answer using the codes given 3. fdfxZLrku 4. mTcsfdLrku
below:
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes:
dwV%
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 4 only (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 (b) dsoy 2 vkSj 3

90. Uttar Pradesh Government Archaeological Museum (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 4 (d) dsoy 2 vkSj 4
is located in 90. mÙkj çns'k ljdkj dk iqjkrRo laxzgky; fLFkr gS
(a) Lucknow (b) Rampur (a) y•uÅ esa (b) jkeiqj esa
(c) Bulandshahar (d) Kannauj
(c) cqyan'kgj esa (d) dUukSt esa
91. Who among the following personalities from Uttar
Pradesh received Nari Shakti Puraskar, 2021? 91. mÙkj çns'k ds fuEufyf•r O;fDrRoksa esa ls fdlus ukjh
(a) Neerja Madhav (b) Aarti Rana 'kfDr iqjLdkj] 2021 çkIr fd;k\
(c) Lakshmi Gautam (d) Chandro Tomar (a) uhjtk ekèko (b) vkjrh jk.kk
92. With reference to industrial development during the (c) y{eh xkSre (d) paæks rksej
19 th century in India, which of the following
92. Hkkjr esa 19oha 'krkCnh ds nkSjku vkS|ksfxd fodkl ds
statements is/are correct?
lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
1. The majority of the working population in cities
like Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras belonged 1. dydÙkk] ckWEcs vkSj eækl tSls 'kgjksa esa dke djus
to the tertiary sector. okyh vfèkdka'k tula[;k r`rh;d {ks=k ls lacafèkr FkhA
2. Calcutta, Bombay and Madras were properly 2. dydÙkk] ckWEcs vkSj enzkl tSls 'kgjksa dks vkS|ksfxd
developed as industrial cities. 'kgjksa ds :i esa fodflr fd;k x;k FkkA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x;s dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 19 19
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93. Which of the following is NOT a Punjab Himalaya 93. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk Xysf'k;j iatkc fgeky; lewg
group of glacier? dk fgLlk ugha gS\
(a) Rakhiot Glacier (b) Kolhai Glacier (a) jkf•;V Xysf'k;j (b) dksYgkbZ Xysf'k;j
(c) Neh-Nar Glacier (d) Rundun Glacier (c) usg&ukj Xysf'k;j (d) #aMu Xysf'k;j
94. Which is the most powerful radiation?
94. lcls 'kfDr'kkyh fofdj.k dkSu&lh gS\
(a) Alpha (b) Beta
(a) vYiQk (b) chVk
(c) Gamma (d) Neutrino
(c) xkek (d) U;wVªhuks
95. Which of the following is/are the outcome of the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate 95. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls tyok;q ifjorZu ij la;qDr
Change? jk"Vª ÚseodZ dUosa'ku dk ifj.kke gS@gSa\
1. Montreal Protocol 2. Bonn Convention 1. ekWfUVª;y çksVksdkWy 2. ckWu dUosa'ku
3. Nagoya Protocol 4. Cartagena Protocol 3. ukxks;k çksVksdkWy 4. dkVkZtsuk çksVksdkWy
5. Kyoto Protocol 5. D;ksVks çksVksdkWy
Select the correct answer using the codes given uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below: dwV%
Codes:
(a) dsoy 1, 2 vkSj 3 (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) dsoy 3, 4 vkSj 5 (d) dsoy 5
(c) 3, 4 and 5 only (d) 5 only
96. usoklk] nSekckn] lksuxk¡o vkSj çdk'k fuEufyf•r esa ls
96. To which of the following Chalcolithic Cultures, did
fdl rkezik"kk.k laLÑfr ls lacafèkr Fks\
Nevasa, Daimabad, Songaon, and Prakash belong?
(a) tksoZs laLÑfr (b) dk;Fkk laLÑfr
(a) Jorwe Culture (b) Kayatha Culture
(c) Banas Culture (d) Gilund Culture (c) cukl laLÑfr (d) fxyqan laLÑfr

97. The concept of the basic structure of the Constitution 97. lafoèkku dh ewy lajpuk dh voèkkj.kk fuEufyf•r esa ls
came into existence from which of the following fdl ,sfrgkfld fu.kZ; ls vfLrRo esa vkbZ\
landmark judgements? (a) esudk xkaèkh cuke Hkkjr la?k
(a) Maneka Gandhi vs Union of India (b) 'kadjh çlkn cuke Hkkjr la?k
(b) Shankari Prasad vs Union of India (c) jkses'k Fkkij cuke eækl jkT;
(c) Romesh Thapar vs State of Madras (d) ds'kokuan Hkkjrh cuke dsjy jkT;
(d) Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala
98. ikSèkksa esa ifjogu ds lanHkZ esa fleiksVZ vkSj ,aVhiksVZ D;k
98. What do symport and antiport in the context of
n'kkZrs gSa\
transportation in plants represent?
(a) dksf'kdk fHkfÙk esa ekStwn fNæ
(a) Pores present in the cell wall
(b) f>Yyh dks ikj djus okys v.kq
(b) Molecules crossing the membrane
(c) Molecules present in stomata (c) jaèkzksa esa ekStwn v.kq
(d) Proteins present in the grana (d) xzSuk esa ekStwn çksVhu

99. Chechnya is a dependent territory of 99. pspU;k ,d vkfJr {ks=k gS

(a) New Zealand (b) Spain (a) U;wthySaM dk (b) Lisu dk
(c) United Kingdom (d) Russia (c) ;wukbVsM fdaxMe dk (d) :l dk

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100. With reference to the classical dance of Uttar 100. mÙkj çns'k ds 'kkL=kh; u`R; ^dFkd* ds lanHkZ esa u`R;
Pradesh, ‘Kathak’, which of the following sequence çn'kZu ds nkSjku fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl Øe dk vuqlj.k
is followed during its performance? fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) That-Amad-Salami (a) FkkV & ven & lykeh
(b) Salami-That-Amad
(b) lykeh & FkkV & ven
(c) Amad-Salami-That
(c) ven & lykeh & FkkV
(d) That-Salami-Amad
(d) FkkV & lykeh & ven
101. Which one among the following was the first country
to declare Climate Emergency? 101. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu tyok;q vkikrdky dh ?kks"k.kk
(a) Sweden (b) New Zealand djus okyk igyk ns'k Fkk\
(c) UK (d) Ireland (a) LohMu (b) U;wthySaM

102. Urban residentials, “Civil Lines”, were established (c) ;wds (d) vk;jySaM
(a) during the early British conquest of Bengal 102. 'kgjh vkoklh;] ¶flfoy ykbu¸ dh LFkkiuk dc dh xbZ Fkh\
(b) during the first half of the nineteenth century (a) caxky dh çkjafHkd fczfV'k fot; ds nkSjku
(c) after the revolt of 1857 (b) mUuhloha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ¼Z ds nkSjku
(d) during the early 20th century (c) 1857 ds foæksg ds ckn
103. Additional peninsular mountains of India were (d) 20oha 'krkCnh dh 'kq#vkr ds nkSjku
formed during
103. Hkkjr ds] vfrfjDr çk;}hih; ioZrksa dk fuekZ.k fdl ;qx
(a) Palaeozoic Era (b) Mesozoic Era
esa gqvk\
(c) Cenozoic Era (d) None of the above
(a) iSfy;ks”kksbd ;qx (b) eslks”kksbd ;qx
104. With reference to plants which of the following
(c) lsuks”kksbd ;qx (d) mijksDr es ls dksbZ ugha
statements is/are correct?
1. Xylem is responsible for transporting food. 104. ikSèkksa ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh
2. Phloem is responsible for transporting water gS@gSa\
and minerals. 1. tkbye •k| ds ifjogu gsrq mÙkjnk;h gSA
Select the correct answer using the codes given 2. Ýyks,e ty vkSj •futksa ds ifjogu gsrq f”kEesnkj gSA
below. uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
105. Excessive use of which of the following types of
105. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl moZjd dk vR;fèkd mi;ksx Hkwty
fertilizer may be responsible for making the
groundwater toxic? esa tgjhys inkFkZ dh mifLFkfr ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h gks ldrk gS\
(a) Nitrogen (a) ukbVªkstu
(b) Phosphate (b) iQkWLiQsV
(c) Potassium (c) iksVsf'k;e
(d) Phosphate and potassium (d) iQkWLiQsV vkSj iksVsf'k;e
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106. With reference to the ‘Indus Valley Civilization 106. ^flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk* ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@
(IVC)’, which of the following(s) is/are correct? ls lgh gS@gSa\
1. The most important animal worshipped during 1. flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk ds nkSjku lcls egRoiw.kZ tkuoj
IVC was the humped bull. ^dwcM+ okyk cSy* dh iwtk dh tkrh FkhA
2. Shortughai is an Indus Valley site in India.
2. 'kksrZq?kbZ Hkkjr esa ,d flaèkq ?kkVh LFky gSA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
below.
Codes:
dwV%
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2

107. Which among the following was the fourth High 107. fczfV'k dky esa Hkkjr esa LFkkfir gksus okyk pkSFkk mPp
Court to be established in India during the British era? U;k;ky; fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk Fkk\
(a) Madras High Court (b) Bombay High Court (a) eækl mPp U;k;ky; (b) cacbZ mPp U;k;ky;
(c) Patna High Court (d) Allahabad High Court (c) iVuk mPp U;k;ky; (d) bykgkckn mPp U;k;ky;
108. Consider the following statements regarding 108. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2021&22 ds lacaèk esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
Economic Survey 2021-22: ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. The Survey states that Agriculture and Allied
1. loZs{k.k esa dgk x;k gS fd egkekjh ls Ñf"k vkSj
Sectors have been impacted the least by the
lac¼ {ks=k lcls de çHkkfor gq, gSaA
pandemic.
2. 2021&22 esa Ñf"k {ks=k ds 3.9» c<+us dh mEehn gSA
2. The Agriculture Sector is expected to grow by
3.9% in 2021-22. mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 109. ukbtj dh jktèkkuh D;k gS\
109. What is the capital of Niger? (a) vksLyks (b) vcqtk
(a) Oslo (b) Abuja (c) U;kes (d) yhek
(c) Niamey (d) Lima
110. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus ^tafiax thu* dh •kst dh\
110. Who of the following discovered the ‘jumping genes’? (a) jkpsy dklZu (b) bZ-vks- foYlu
(a) Rachel Carson (b) E.O. Wilson
(c) ckjcjk eSfDyaVkWd (d) lqlqeq Vksusxkok
(c) Barbara McClintock (d) Susumu Tonegawa
111. cf•jk oU;tho vHk;kj.; fLFkr gS
111. Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in
(a) vacsMdj uxj esa (b) lar dchj uxj esa
(a) Ambedkar Nagar (b) Sant Kabir Nagar
(c) xksaMk esa (d) eSuiqjh esa
(c) Gonda (d) Mainpuri
112. During the Quit India Movement, the Prati Sarkar 112. Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu ds nkSjku] fdl jkT; esa izfr ljdkj
was established in which state? dh LFkkiuk gqbZ Fkh\
(a) Punjab (b) Kerala (a) iatkc (b) dsjy
(c) West Bengal (d) Maharashtra (c) if'pe caxky (d) egkjk"Vª

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113. Consider the following cities of Uttar Pradesh: 113. mÙkj çns'k ds fuEufyf•r 'kgjksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. Lucknow 2. Kanpur 1. y•uÅ 2. dkuiqj
3. Prayagraj 4. Varanasi 3. ç;kxjkt 4. okjk.klh
Which of the following options represents the correct fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk fodYi if'pe ls iwoZ dh
order of cities from west to east?
vksj 'kgjksa ds lgh Øe dks n'kkZrk gS\
Codes:

dwV%
(a) 1-2-3-4 (b) 4-3-2-1
(a) 1-2-3-4 (b) 4-3-2-1
(c) 2-1-3-4 (d) 2-1-4-3
(c) 2-1-3-4 (d) 2-1-4-3
114. Amaram lands were given to
(a) Poligars (b) Brahmanas 114. veje~ Hkwfe nh tkrh Fkh
(c) Jagirdars (d) Ryots (a) iksfyxjksa dks (b) czkã.kksa dks

115. ‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangan (c) tkxhjnkjksa dks (d) jS;rksa dks
Committee Report’, sometimes seen in the news, 115. dHkh&dHkh lekpkjksa esa jgus okyh ^xkMfxy vkSj dLrwjhjaxu
are related to lfefr fjiksVZ* dk lacaèk gS
(a) constitutional reforms. (a) laoSèkkfud lqèkkj ls
(b) Ganga Action Plan. (b) xaxk dk;Z ;kstuk ls
(c) linking of rivers. (c) ufn;ksa dks tksM+us ls
(d) protection of Western Ghats.
(d) if'peh ?kkV ds laj{k.k ls
116. Which of the following terms is used in the context
116. euq";ksa esa f'k'kq ds tUe ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
of the delivery of the baby in humans?
fdl 'kCn dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS\
(a) Implantation (b) Gestation
(a) varjkZsi.k (b) Hkzw.k ifjoèkZu
(c) Parturition (d) Insemination
(c) çlo (d) oh;Zlspu
117. Consider the following statements regarding
Tribunals: 117. vfèkdj.k ds lacèa k esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. The provisions related to Tribunals were part 1. vfèkdj.k ls lacfa èkr çkoèkku ewy lafoèkku ds Hkkx FksA
of the original Constitution. 2. lafoèkku] la;qDr ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k LFkkfir djus
2. The Constitution contains a provision to dk çkoèkku djrk gSA
establish Joint Administrative Tribunals.
mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
118. ¶eksgutksnM+ks¸ dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS\
118. The term “Mohenjo-daro” literally means
(a) dq,¡ ds vklikl (b) e`rdksa dk Vhyk
(a) Around well (b) Mound of the dead
(c) Black bangles (d) Singing bird (c) dkyh pwfM+;k¡ (d) xkus okyh i{kh

119. Which of the following is NOT a trench of the 119. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lh vVykafVd egklkxj dh xrZ
Atlantic Ocean? ugha gS\
(a) Romanche (b) Puerto Rico (a) jkse'ks (b) I;ksVksZ fjdks
(c) Sandwich (d) Aleutian (c) lSaMfop (d) ,Y;wf'k;u

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120. The “Instrument of Instructions” contained in the 120. Hkkjr 'kklu vfèkfu;e 1935 esa fufgr ^baLVªwesaV vkWiQ
Government of India Act 1935 has been incorporated baLVªD'ku* dks gekjs lafoèkku esa fdl :i esa 'kkfey fd;k
in our Constitution as x;k gS\
(a) Preamble
(a) çLrkouk
(b) Fundamental Rights
(b) ewy vfèkdkj
(c) Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) jkT; dh uhfr ds funs'kd rÙo
(d) extent of executive power of State
(d) jkT; dh dk;Zdkjh 'kfDr dh lhek
121. Which among the following is the first Central Jail
of Uttar Pradesh? 121. fuEufyf•r esa ls mÙkj çns'k dh igyh dsæa h; tsy dkSu&lh gS\
(a) Naini (a) uSuh
(b) Agra (b) vkxjk
(c) Bareilly (c) cjsyh
(d) Fatehgarh (d) iQrsgx<+
122. Who described Awadh as “a cherry that will drop
122. voèk dks ¶,d psjh tks ,d fnu gekjs eq¡g esa fxj tk,xh¸
into our mouth one day”?
ds :i esa fdlus of.kZr fd;k\
(a) Lord Wellesley (b) Lord Minto
(a) ykWMZ osystyh (b) ykWMZ feaVks
(c) Lord Dalhousie (d) Lord Canning
(c) ykWMZ MygkSth (d) ykWMZ dSfuax
123. Kori Creek lies in
(a) Gulf of Kutch (b) Gulf of Khambhat 123. dksjh Øhd fLFkr gSa
(c) Little Rann of Kutch (d) Rann of Kutch (a) dPN dh •kM+h esa (b) •aHkkr dh •kM+h esa
124. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct (c) dPN ds NksVs j.k esa (d) dPN ds j.k esa
answer using the codes given below the lists. 124. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj lwfp;ksa ds
List-I List-II uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
(Minister during (Incharge of)
lwph&I lwph&II
Sher Shah’s
Administration) ('ksj'kkg ds ç'kklu ds (mÙkjnkf;Ro)
A. Diwan-i-Wizarat 1. Communications nkSjku ea=kh)
B. Diwan-i-Ariz 2. Army (a) nhoku&,&fotkjr 1. lapkj
C. Diwan-i-Rasalat 3. Revenue and (b) nhoku&,&vtZ 2. lsuk
Finance (c) nhoku&,&jlkyr 3. jktLo ,oa foÙk
D. Diwan-i-Insha 4. Foreign Affairs (d) nhoku&,&ba'kk 4. fons'kh ekeys
Codes:
dwV%
A B C D A
B C D
(a) 3 2 4 1 (a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 3 4 1 2 (b) 3 4 1 2
(c) 2 1 3 4 (c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 2 4 3 1 (d) 2 4 3 1

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125. Nagoya Protocol is in close synergy with which of 125. ukxks;k çksVksdkWy fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl vfèkfu;e ls
the following Acts? fudV lacaèk j•rk gS\
(a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (a) oU;tho laj{k.k vfèkfu;e] 1972
(b) Biological Diversity Act, 2002 (b) tSfod fofoèkrk vfèkfu;e] 2002
(c) Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest
(c) vuqlwfpr tutkfr vkSj vU; ikjaifjd ou&oklh
Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act
(vfèkdkjksa dh ekU;rk) vfèkfu;e 2006
2006
(d) •uu vkSj •fut fodkl fofu;eu vfèkfu;e 1957
(d) Mining and Mineral Development Regulation
Act 1957 126. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl unh dk mYys• ½Xosn esa ^unhrek*
126. Which of the following rivers is mentioned in the ds :i esa feyrk gS\
Rig Veda as ‘Naditama’? (a) gsyean
(a) Helmand (b) jkoh
(b) Ravi (c) ljLorh
(c) Saraswati (d) ueZnk
(d) Narmada
127. Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk dkSu&lk Hkkx jk"Vªifr ds izkoèkku ls
127. Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with the lacafèkr gS\
provisions related to the President?
(a) Hkkx X (b) Hkkx V
(a) Part X (b) Part V
(c) Hkkx IV (d) Hkkx III
(c) Part IV (d) Part III
128. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k ds vuqlkj lsok {ks=k dh vuqekfur o`f¼
128. According to the Economic Survey, what is the
estimated growth rate of the Service Sector?
nj D;k gS\
(a) 8.2% (b) 7.3% (a) 8.2» (b) 7.3»
(c) 6.9% (d) 11% (c) 6.9» (d) 11»

129. The Mississippi River drains into 129. feflflih unh fxjrh gS
(a) Gulf of Mexico (a) esfDldks dh •kM+h esa
(b) Gulf of Guinea (b) fxuh dh •kM+h esa
(c) Gulf of Aden (c) vnu dh •kM+h esa
(d) Gulf of Aqaba (d) vdkck dh •kM+h esa
130. Which of the following Articles makes provision for 130. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk vuqPNsn jk"Vªifr dh {keknku
the pardoning power of the President? 'kfDr dk çkoèkku djrk gS\
(a) Article 72
(a) vuqPNsn 72
(b) Article 78
(b) vuqPNsn 78
(c) Article 88
(c) vuqPNsn 88
(d) Article 99
(d) vuqPNsn 99
131. How many Agro–Climatic Zones are there in Uttar
Pradesh? 131. mÙkj çns'k esa fdrus Ñf"k&tyok;q {ks=k gSa\
(a) 7 (b) 9 (a) 7 (b) 9
(c) 11 (d) 17 (c) 11 (d) 17

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132. With reference to the Summary Settlement of 1856, 132. 1856 ds ,deq'r cankscLr ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa
consider the following statements: ij fopkj dhft;s%
1. It was the first British revenue settlement in 1. ;g voèk esa igyk fczfV'k jktLo le>kSrk FkkA
Awadh.
2. ;g jktLo O;oLFkk ls rkyqdnkjksa dks gVkus dh çfØ;k FkhA
2. It proceeded to remove the taluqdars from the
revenue system. mi;ZqDr esa ls dkSu&lk@ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor2 133. Hkkjr dk lcls NksVk dsaæ'kkflr çns'k dkSu&lk gS\
133. Which is the smallest Union Territory of India? (a) iqn~nqpsjh
(a) Puducherry (b) y{k}hi
(b) Lakshadweep (c) vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi lewg
(c) Andaman and Nicobar Island (d) paMhx<+
(d) Chandigarh 134. eqxy dky ds nkSjku eqgrflc uked vfèkdkjh fdl dk;Z
134. During the Mughal period, the officer called ds fy;s mÙkjnk;h Fkk\
Muhtasib was responsible for (a) ty dj dk laxzg
(a) Water tax collection (b) Hkwfe dk ewY;kadu
(b) Assessment of land
(c) uSfrd lafgrk ykxw djuk
(c) Enforcing moral codes
(d) dkuwu O;oLFkk
(d) Law and order
135. la;qDr jk"Vª dk ^lklkdkok iqjLdkj* fdl {ks=k esa fd;s
135. ‘The Sasakawa Award’ of the United Nations is given
x, mRÑ"V dk;ks± ds fy;s çnku fd;k tkrk gS\
in recognition of the work done in the field of
(a) vkink U;wuhdj.k (b) 'kkafr LFkkiuk
(a) Disaster Reduction (b) Peace Keeping
(c) Health Services (d) Poverty Alleviation (c) LokLF; lsok,a¡ (d) xjhch mUewyu

136. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct 136. lwph&I dks lwph&II ls lqesfyr dhft;s vkSj uhps fn;s x,
answer using the codes given below. dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
List-I List-II lwph&I lwph&II
(Hormone) (Secreting Gland) (gkekZsu) (lzkoh xzafFk)
A. Thyroxine 1. Testes A. Fkk;jkWfDlu 1. o`"k.k
B. Testosterone 2. Pancreas B. VsLVksLVsjkWu 2. vXU;k'k;
C. Progesterone 3. Ovaries C. çkstsLVsjkWu 3. vaMk'k;
D. Insulin 4. Thyroid D. balqfyu 4. Fkk;jkWbM
Codes:
dwV%
A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 3 1 4 (a) 2 3 1 4
(b) 4 1 3 2 (b) 4 1 3 2
(c) 2 3 4 1 (c) 2 3 4 1
(d) 1 2 3 4 (d) 1 2 3 4

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137. The Vice President of India is elected 137. Hkkjr ds mijk"Vªifr pqus tkrs gSa
(a) Directly by the people (a) çR;{kr% yksxksa }kjk
(b) By the elected members of the Parliament (b) laln ds fuokZfpr lnL;ksa }kjk
(c) By all members of the Rajya Sabha (c) jkT;lHkk ds lHkh lnL;ksa }kjk
(d) By all members of the Parliament (d) laln ds lHkh lnL;ksa }kjk
138. If hydrogen is lighter than helium, then the reason 138. ghfy;e dh rqyuk esa gYdk gksus ds ckotwn xeZ gok
why it is NOT used in hot air balloons is because it ds xqCckjksa esa gkbMªkstu dk mi;ksx ugha fd;k tkrk gS
is D;ksafd ;g
(a) inert in nature. (a) vfØ;k'khy gS
(b) more readily available. (b) vfèkd vklkuh ls miyCèk gS
(c) less dense. (c) de ?kuRo okyh gS
(d) flammable.
(d) Toyu'khy gS
139. With reference to the Trans-Siberian Railway,
139. Vªkal&lkbcsfj;u jsyos ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij
consider the following statements:
fopkj dhft;s%
1. It runs from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Sea
1. ;g if'pe esa ckfYVd lkxj ls iwoZ esa tkiku lkxj
of Japan in the East.
rd tkrh gSA
2. It is the longest electrified rail route in the world.
2. ;g nqfu;k dk lcls yack fo|qrhÑr jsy ekxZ gSA
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
140. With reference to the Mauryan Empire, which of the
140. ekS;Z lkezkT; ds lanHkZ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk@ls
following(s) is/are correct?
lgh gS@gSa\
1. According to the Arthashastra, the northwest
India was important for blankets and south India 1. vFkZ'kkL=k ds vuqlkj] mÙkj if'pe Hkkjr dacy ds
for its gold and precious stones. fy;s vkSj nf{k.k Hkkjr vius lksus rFkk dherh iRFkjksa
2. Ashoka was the first ruler who took his message
ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ FkkA
to the people through inscriptions. 2. v'kksd igyk 'kkld Fkk ftlus f'kykys•ksa ds ekè;e
ls vius lans'k dks yksxksa rd igq¡pk;kA
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Codes: uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
(a) 1 only dwV%
(b) 2 only (a) dsoy 1
(c) Both 1 and 2 (b) dsoy 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa

141. How many types of Non Banking Financial (d) uk rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
Companies are there in India? 141. Hkkjr esa fdrus çdkj dh xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daifu;ka¡ gSa\
(a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 2 (c) 5 (d) 2

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 27 27
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142. Who among the following gave the idea of Sapta 142. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus lektokn dh çkfIr ds fy;s
Kranti (Seven Revolutions) to attain socialism? ^lIr Økafr* dk fopkj çLrqr fd;k Fkk\
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru (a) tokgjyky usg:
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose (b) lqHkk"kpaæ cksl
(c) Jay Prakash Narayan (c) t;çdk'k ukjk;.k
(d) Ram Manohar Lohia
(d) jkeeuksgj yksfg;k
143. Copper Sulphate is used as
143. dkWij lYiQsV dk ç;ksx fdl :i esa fd;k tkrk gS\
1. Drying agent
1. Mªkbax ,tsaV
2. Additive in foods
2. •k| inkFkks± esa ;kstd rÙo
3. An animal nutritional supplement
3. ,d i'kq iks"k.k iwjd
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below. uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Codes: dwV%
(a) 1 and 3 only (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 3
(b) 2 only (b) dsoy 2
(c) 2 and 3 only (c) dsoy 2 vkSj 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 vkSj 3
144. The amount of money a country has to spend each 144. ,d ns'k dks vius vkfFkZd mRiknu ds orZeku Lrj dks
year to maintain its present level of economic cuk, j•us ds fy;s çR;sd o"kZ ftruh èkujkf'k •pZ djuh
production is called iM+rh gS] og dgykrh gS
(a) Capital Consumption Allowance (a) iwath •ir HkÙkk
(b) Balance of Payment (b) Hkqxrku ns;
(c) Call Money (c) dkWy euh
(d) Asset Turnover Ratio
(d) ifjlaifÙk dkjksckj vuqikr
145. Pradhan Mantri Jl-VAN Yojana is related to the
145. çèkkuea=kh th&ou ;kstuk fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlls
promotion of which of the following?
lacafèkr gS\
(a) Integrated Bioethanol Projects
(a) ,dhÑr ck;ks,FksukWy ifj;kstuk,¡
(b) Healthcare benefits to the lactating mothers
(b) Lruiku djkus okyh ekrkvksa dh LokLF; ns•Hkky ykHk
(c) Insurance cover to the BPL families
(c) ch-ih-,y- ifjokjksa dks chek doj
(d) Agricultural finance to the drought-affected
farmers (d) lw•k çHkkfor fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k foÙk

146. The gas used in LED bulbs is 146. LED cYc esa ç;qDr gksus okyh xSl gS
(a) Mercury vapour (a) ikjk ok"i
(b) Hydrogen (b) gkbMªkstu
(c) Krypton (c) fØIVksu
(d) None of the above (d) mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha
641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 28 28
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147. Consider the following statements regarding Chief 147. eq[;ea=kh ds lacèa k esa fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft;s%
Minister: 1. eq[;ea=kh ukeek=k dk dk;Zdkjh izeq[k gSA
1. A Chief Minister is the nominal executive
2. eq[;ea=kh dk dk;Zdky ik¡p o"kZ ds fy;s r; gksrk gSA
authority.
2. The term of a Chief Minister is fixed for five mi;ZqDr dFkuksa esa ls dkSu&lk@ls lgh gS@gSa\
years. (a) dsoy 1 (b) dsoy 2
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (c) 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
148. tSo&lfØ; v.kq ^lkbDyksLiksfju&A* dk mi;ksx fdl :i
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
esa fd;k tkrk gS\
148. A bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, is used as/in
(a) çfrj{kk fujksèkd ,tsaV
(a) immunosuppressive agent
(b) FkDdksa dks gVkuk
(b) removing clots
(c) lowering blood cholesterol (c) jDr&dkWfyLVªkWy de djuk
(d) detergent formulations (d) fMVts±V iQkWeZwys'ku

149. The Tropic of Capricorn passes through which of 149. edj js•k fuEufyf•r esa ls fdu ns'kksa ls gksdj xqtjrh gS\
the following countries? 1. f”kEckCos 2. m#Xos
1. Zimbabwe 2. Uruguay 3. eks”kkfEcd 4. fpyh
3. Mozambique 4. Chile
uhps fn;s x, dwV dk ç;ksx dj lgh mÙkj pqfu;sA
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below:
dwV%
Codes: (a) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 (b) dsoy 3 vkSj 4
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 and 4 only (c) dsoy 1 vkSj 4 (d) dsoy 2 vkSj 4
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 2 and 4 only 150. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls ¶Hkkjr dk usiksfy;u¸ dgk
150. Who among the following is called the “Napoleon tkrk gS\
of India”?
(a) paæxqIr ekS;Z
(a) Chandragupta Maurya
(b) v'kksd
(b) Ashoka
(c) Harshavardhana (c) g"kZoèkZu
(d) Samudragupta (d) leqæxqIr

641, 1st Floor, 21, Pusa Road, 13/15 Tashkent Marg, Plot No. 45& 45A, Harsh Tower-2, 29 29
Dr. Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi Karol Bagh, New Delhi Civil Lines, Prayagraj Main Tonk Road, Vasundhara Colony, Jaipur

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UP-PCS PRELIMS TEST SERIES-2022

TEST BOOKLET SERIES

Test Code: ANSWER & EXPLANATION

UP(P)–2210 GENERAL STUDIES-I
(Hindi Version)
TEST – 10

ANSWERS
Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers
1 (d) 26 (c) 51 (b) 76 (a) 101 (c) 126 (c)

2 (d) 27 (a) 52 (b) 77 (b) 102 (c) 127 (b)

3 (a) 28 (b) 53 (c) 78 (b) 103 (a) 128 (a)

4 (c) 29 (d) 54 (b) 79 (c) 104 (d) 129 (a)

5 (c) 30 (d) 55 (a) 80 (b) 105 (a) 130 (a)

6 (c) 31 (a) 56 (a) 81 (b) 106 (d) 131 (b)

7 (a) 32 (b) 57 (c) 82 (a) 107 (d) 132 (c)

8 (a) 33 (d) 58 (a) 83 (b) 108 (c) 133 (b)

9 (b) 34 (a) 59 (d) 84 (a) 109 (c ) 134 (c)

10 (a) 35 (c) 60 (c) 85 (b) 110 (c) 135 (a)

11 (b) 36 (b) 61 (c) 86 (d) 111 (b) 136 (b)

12 (b) 37 (a) 62 (b) 87 (b) 112 (d) 137 (b)

13 (d) 38 (a) 63 (b) 88 (b) 113 (c) 138 (d)

14 (a) 39 (c) 64 (b) 89 (c) 114 (a) 139 (c)

15 (a) 40 (a) 65 (a) 90 (d) 115 (d) 140 (c)

16 (c) 41 (c) 66 (c) 91 (a) 116 (c) 141 (d)

17 (c) 42 (c) 67 (d) 92 (a) 117 (b) 142 (d)

18 (d) 43 (d) 68 (d) 93 (d) 118 (b) 143 (d)

19 (c) 44 (c) 69 (a) 94 (c) 119 (d) 144 (a)

20 (d) 45 (a) 70 (b) 95 (d) 120 (c) 145 (a)

21 (d) 46 (a) 71 (a) 96 (a) 121 (c) 146 (d)

22 (c) 47 (d) 72 (c) 97 (d) 122 (c) 147 (d)

23 (d) 48 (d) 73 (a) 98 (b) 123 (d) 148 (a)

24 (d) 49 (d) 74 (d) 99 (d) 124 (a) 149 (b)

25 (d) 50 (c) 75 (b) 100 (a) 125 (b) 150 (d)

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1. (d) z ;g xk¡o Hkkjr] phu vkSj E;ka¡ekj ds taD'ku ij yksfgr vkSj

lrh ufn;ksa ds laxe ij clk gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k ljdkj lksuHkæ f”kys ds ly•ku xk¡o esa fLFkr
z 1999 esa] ;g irk pyk fd Mksax ?kkVh ns'k esa lqcg ds lw;Z
thok'e dks varjkZ"Vªh; fojklr dk ntkZ fnykus ds fy;s dke
dh fdj.kksa dks çkIr djus okyk igyk LFkku gS (vaMeku dk
dj jgh gSA ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd ;g thok'e ikdZ 1,400
dPNy }hi ugha gS tSlk fd igys ekuk tkrk Fkk)A
fefy;u o"kZ ls vfèkd iqjkuk gS vkSj jkT; ljdkj dh osclkbV
dk nkok gS fd ;g la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk esa fLFkr ;syksLVksu vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
us'kuy ikdZ ls cM+k gSA 4. (c)
z eqD•k tyçikr mÙkj çns'k ds lksuHkæ f”kys esa csyu unh ij O;k[;k% dsanzh; cSad fMftVy eqæk%
fLFkr gS] tks jkcV~lZxat ls ?kksjkoy jksM ij] jkcV~lZxat ds z ctV 2022 ds vius Hkk"k.k esa] foÙk ea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k us
if'pe esa yxHkx 50 fdeh- (31 ehy) vkSj ?kksjkoy ls 15 ?kks"k.kk dh fd Hkkjrh; fj”koZ cSad (RBI) u, foÙkh; o"kZ esa
fdeh- (9.3 ehy) ij vofLFkr gSA viuh fMftVy eqnzk ykWUp djsxkA
z ohj yksfjd LVksu (iRFkj) jkWcV~lZxat ls ekjdqaMh] lksuHkæ ds z fMftVy eqnzk ,d dsaæh; cSad fMftVy eqæk (CBDC) gS ftls
ikl bdks ikWbaV ds ikl okjk.klh 'kfDruxj jksM ls yxHkx 5 2022&23 esa ykWUp fd;k tk,xkA
fdeh- nwj gSA tks ohj yksfjd vkSj eatjh dh ,d vkè;kfRed z ;g Hkkjrh; fj”koZ cSad (RBI) }kjk tkjh ,d yhxy VsaMj gSA
çse dgkuh dk çrhd gSA ¶lhchMhlh dsaæh; cSad }kjk tkjh ,d eqæk ds leku gS] ysfdu
z y•fu;k njh tyçikr ,d vR;ar lqanj ty fudk; gS] tks
dkxt ls ;g vyx gSA ;g bysDVªkWfud :i esa ,d lkWojsu
mÙkj çns'k ds fetkZiqj f”kys ds çkphu 'kgj pqukj ls yxHkx eqæk gS vkSj ;g dsaæh; cSad dh cSysal 'khV ij ns;rk@½.k
30 fdeh- nwj fLFkr gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA (çpkyu esa eqæk) ds :i esa fn•kbZ nsxkA lhchMhlh dh
2. (d) varfuZfgr rduhd] :i vkSj mi;ksx dks fof'k"V vko';drkvksa
O;k[;k% 18 iQjojh] 1946 dks] HMIS ryokj dh dqN 1100 jkW;y gsrq vkdkj fn;k tk ldrk gSA lh-ch-Mh-lh- dks udnh ds
bafM;u usoh (RIN) jsfVax fuEufyf•r eqíksa ds fojksèk esa gM+rky lkeku fofue; ;ksX; gksuk pkfg;sA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa
ij pyh xb±% lgh gSaA
 uLyh; HksnHkko (Hkkjrh; vkSj 'osr lSfudksa ds fy;s leku 5. (c)
osru dh ekax) O;k[;k% ukbVªkstu ,d çkÑfrd :i ls ik;k tkus okyk rÙo gS tks
 [kjkc Hkkstu ikSèkksa vkSj tkuojksa nksuksa esa o`f¼ rFkk çtuu ds fy;s vko';d
 mPpkfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk nqO;Zogkj gSA ;g vehuks ,flM esa ik;k tkrk gS tks U;wfDyd ,flM ls
 HMIS ryokj ij ^Hkkjr NksM+ks* fy•us ds fy;s jsfVax çksVhu cukrs gSa] ftlesa lHkh dksf'kdkvksa vkSj dbZ vU; dkcZfud
dh fxjÝrkjh vkSj vdkcZfud ;kSfxdksa ds fy;s oa'kkuqxr lkexzh rFkk thou
 vkbZ-,u-,- ijh{k.k dk CywfçaV 'kkfey gksrk gSA
z i`Foh ds dqy ok;qeaMy esa ukbVªkstu 78% ikbZ tkrh gSA
 okilh dh ekax dks ysdj baMksusf'k;k esa Hkkjrh; lSfudksa
dk bLrsekyA z ekuo lfgr lHkh Lruèkkjh ;wfj;k ds çkFkfed mRiknd gSa]
D;ksafd os ;wfj;k dks çkFkfed ukbVªkstu;qDr vif'k"V mRikn ds
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
:i esa lzkfor djrs gSa] bUgsa gh ^;wfj;ksVsfyd* tkuoj dgk
3. (a)
tkrk gSA budh xfrfofèk;ksa ls vif'k"V e`nk esa ukbVªkstu fey
O;k[;k% v#.kkpy çns'k dk Mksax xk¡o] ftls Hkkjr ds lcls iwohZ tkrk gSaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
xk¡o ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] tgk¡ ns'k esa lcls igys lw;kZsn; z dks;ys ds ngu ls dkcZu (COx)] lYiQj (SOx) o ukbVªkstu
gksrk gSA ;g leqæ ry ls yxHkx 1,240 ehVj dh mQ¡pkbZ ij ds vkWDlkbM (NOx) vkSj ÝykbZ&,s'k] Ýyw xSl rFkk LØcj iad
gSA lfgr dbZ rjg ds miksRikn (Byproduct) curs gSaA gkyk¡fd]
z Mksax esa lw;ksZn; yxHkx 5:00 cts vkSj lw;kZLr Hkh 5:00 cts bu mimRiknksa ls lhèks e`nk esa ukbVªkstu ugha feyrk gSA vr%
ds vkl&ikl gksrk gSA dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 2 2
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z tc ikSèkksa vkSj tkuojksd

a s vi?kVu ls dkcZfud inkFkks± esa ukbVªkt
s u z blus daiuh ds deZpkfj;ksa dks fdlh Hkh futh O;kikj esa 'kkfey
;kSfxd e`nk esa fiQj ls ços'k djrs gSaA ;g vi?kVu veksfu;k gksus ;k Hkkjrh; yksxksa ls migkj ;k fj'or ysus ls çfrcafèkr
iSnk djrk gS] tks ukbVªhdj.k çfØ;k ls xqtjrk gS] ;kuh e`nk dj fn;kA
esa ukbVªhÑr cSDVhfj;k veksfu;k dks ukbVªkbV (NO2) vkSj fiQj z blus daiuh ds Åij ^dksVZ vkWiQ Mk;jsDVlZ* (daiuh dk 'kklh
ukbVªsV (NO3) esa ifjofrZr dj nsrk gSA fudk;) ds fu;a=k.k dks l'kDr fd;k tgk¡ Hkkjr esa daiuh ds
vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA jktLo] ukxfjd vkSj lSU; ekeyksa ij fjiksVZ djuk vko';d
cuk fn;k x;kA
6. (c)
8. (a)
O;k[;k% xqtZj&çfrgkj jktiwr 'kkldksa esa lcls igys FksA mUgksaus
O;k[;k%
8oha&11oha 'krkCnh ds vklikl if'peh Hkkjr ij 'kklu fd;kA
os eq[; :i ls pjokgs vkSj yM+kdw FksA
z bl jkT; ds igys egku usrk gfj'paæ FksA ftlus jktiqrkuk esa
O;kid {ks=k ij fot; çkIr dh vkSj viuh jktèkkuh Hkhyey
ls 'kklu dk;Z lapkfyr fd;kA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
z xqtZj fofHkUu 'kk•kvksa esa foHkkftr FksA ftlesa ls ,d 'kk•k us
xqtjkr ij rFkk nwljh us voafr ij 'kklu fd;kA çfrgkjksa us
caxky ds ikyksa vkSj nDdu ds jk"VªdwVksa ds lkFk ^f=kdks.kh;
la?k"kZ* esa •qn dks 'kkfey fd;k ij ckn esa og de”kksj iM+
x,A z ykiQj oØ dj dh njksa vkSj ljdkj }kjk ,df=kr dj jktLo
dh jkf'k ds chp lacaèk dks n'kkZrk gSA ;g oØ n'kkZrk gS fd
7. (a)
dHkh&dHkh dj njksa esa dVkSrh ls dqy dj jktLo esa o`f¼ gks
O;k[;k% 1773 dk jsxqysfVax ,DV% ldrh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
z ;g vfèkfu;e vR;ar laoSèkkfud egÙo dk Fkk D;ksafd% z ;fn ykiQj oØ esa dj dh nj cgqr vfèkd gSa] rks blls dj

a) ;g Hkkjr esa bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds dk;ks± dks fu;af=kr xfrfofèk;k¡ tSls fuos'k vkSj okLrfod dj jktLo tSlh
vkSj fofu;fer djus dh fn'kk esa fczfV'k ljdkj }kjk xfrfofèk;k¡ grksRlkfgr gksrh gSA blds foijhr dj njksa esa dVkSrh
vkfFkZd çksRlkgu dks c<+krh gS vkSj dj jktLo esa o`f¼ djrh
mBk;k x;k igyk dne FkkA
gSA
b) blus igyh ckj daiuh ds jktuhfrd vkSj ç'kklfud
z ykiQj oØ dks 1980 ds n'kd esa liQyrk ds lkFk dj dVkSrh
dk;ks± dks ekU;rk nhA
ds vkèkkj ds :i esa bLrseky fd;k x;k] ysfdu O;kogkfjd
c) blus Hkkjr esa dsaæh; ç'kklu dh uhao j•hA Lrj ij bldh ekU;rkvksa dh vkykspuk dh xbZ vkSj dgk x;k
z blus caxky ds xouZj dks ^caxky ds xouZj tujy* ds :i esa fd vkfFkZd vkèkkj ij fd ljdkjh jktLo esa o`f¼ ges'kk b"Vre
ukfer fd;k vkSj mldh lgk;rk ds fy;s ,d pkj lnL;h; ugha gks ldrh gSA
dk;Zdkjh ifj"kn dk xBu fd;k x;kA bl O;oLFkk ds rgr 9. (b)
caxky dk igyk xouZj tujy ykWMZ okjsu gsfLVaXl cukA
O;k[;k% phu ds çk;ksfxd mUur lqijdaMfDVax Vksdked (EAST)
z blus ckWEcs vkSj eækl çslhMsalh ds xouZjksa dks caxky ds xouZj
dks ukfHkdh; ijek.kq lay;u çfØ;k dks laiUu djus ds fy;s
tujy ds vèkhu dj fn;k] tcfd igys rhuksa çslhMsafl;ksa ds
fM”kkbu fd;k x;k gS] ukfHkdh; ijek.kq dh çfØ;k çkÑfrd
xouZj ,d nwljs ls Lora=k gksrs FksA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA :i ls lw;Z vkSj rkjksa esa gksrh gSA Ñf=ke ukfHkdh; lay;u ds
z blus dydÙkk esa ,d mPpre U;k;ky; dh LFkkiuk dk çkoèkku ekè;e ls vuar LoPN ÅtkZ dk mRiknu fd;k tk ldrk gS]
fd;k (o"kZ 1774 esa LFkkfir)] ftlesa ,d eq[; U;k;kèkh'k bl çdkj dk ç;ksx Vksdked esa fd;k x;k ftls ¶Ñf=ke lw;Z¸
vkSj rhu vU; U;k;kèkh'k 'kkfey FksA dgk tkrk gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 3 3
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z ukfHkdh; lay;u ls lw;Z vkSj rkjksa dks ÅtkZ feyrh gS] tc nsoh ;equk us vius HkkbZ ;ejkt dh yach vk;q vkSj dY;k.k
gYds ijek.kq ukfHkd ,d lkFk feydj Hkkjh ukfHkd cukrs gSa] ds fy;s miokl j•k FkkA rc ls] HkkbZ nwt eukbZ tkrh gS tks
rks blls cM+h ek=kk esa ÅtkZ fudyrh gSA Hkkb;ksa vkSj cguksa ds chp lEeku vkSj Lusg dh Hkkouk dk
z phu ds ^Ñf=ke lw;Z* us IykTek dsaæh; bysDVªkWu rkieku ls çrhd gSA cgusa Hkh vius Hkkb;ksa dh lykerh] vPNs LokLF;
100 fefy;u fMxzh lsfYl;l rkieku fd;k x;kA ukfHkdh; vkSj le`f¼ ds fy;s çkFkZuk djrh gSA
lay;u rHkh laHko gS tc çfØ;k dk rkieku 100 fefy;u z gksyh ds R;ksgkj ds dqN fnuksa ckn esjB esa ukSpanh esys dk
fMxzh rd igq¡p tk,A vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA bl esys ds nkSjku] fganw HkDr ^ukSpaMh
z gky gh esa blus uohure ç;ksx esa ,d u;k dhfrZeku LFkkfir nsoh* dh iwtk djrs gSa vkSj egku lar ^lS;n lkykj* dks
fd;k gS tgk¡ blus 101 lsdaM ds fy;s 216 fefy;u iQkjsugkbV J¼katfy nsrs gSaA ;g esyk lkaçnkf;d lkSgknZ dk çrhd gSA
(120 fefy;u C) dk IykTek rkieku gkfly fd;kA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
z mÙkj çns'k ds lgkjuiqj esa o"kZ esa nks ckj uojkf=k ds nkSjku
z EAST baVjus'kuy FkekZsU;wfDy;j ,DlisfjesaVy fj,DVj (ITER)
lqfoèkk dk fgLlk gS] blesa 35 ns'kksa lfgr Hkkjr Hkh 'kkfey 'kkdqaHkjh esys dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA
gSA 12. (b)
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA O;k[;k% fczfV'k 'kklu dky ds nkSjku] vacsMdj dkWUxsl ds jktuhfrd
10. (a) fojksèkh Fks_ ysfdu] egkRek xkaèkh dh lykg ij] mUgsa Lora=krk
ds le; dsaæh; eaf=keaMy esa dkuwu ea=kh ds :i esa 'kkfey
O;k[;k% fcBwj% ;g fganw rhFkZ;k=kk dk ,d çeq• dsaæ gSA fganw ikSjkf.kd
fd;k x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
dFkkvksa ds vuqlkj] ;g jke ds iq=k yo vkSj dq'k dk tUeLFkku
gSA okYehfd vkJe] czãorZ ?kkV] iRFkj ?kkV] è#o Vhyk] yo MkW- ch-vkj- vacsMdj ds ckjs esa dqN rF;%
z tuojh 1920 esa] mUgksaus Hkkjr esa nfyr oxZ ds fgrksa dh j{kk
dq'k eafnj] ukuk lkgc Lekjd vkSj flf¼èkke vkJe vkfn ;gk¡
ds vU; n'kZuh; LFky gSaA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA djus ds fy;s ^ewduk;d* (xwaxk usrk) uked ,d lkIrkfgd
z dkyih% ;gk¡ fdyksa vkSj eafnj ds dbZ çHkko'kkyh èoalko'ks"k
i=k 'kq: fd;k FkkA
gSa] tcfd vkl&ikl dbZ çkphu edcjs gSaA ikrkys'oj eafnj z mUgksaus 1924 esa cfg"Ñr fgrdkfj.kh lHkk dk vk;kstu fd;kA

vkSj osnO;kl eafnj ns•us ;ksX; LFkkuksa esa ls gSaA ;g fofHkUu z mUgksaus vxLr 1936 esa bafMisaMsaV yscj ikVhZ (ILP) dk xBu

çdkj dh feBkb;ksa ds fy;s Hkh çfl¼ gSA fd;kA ILP dks vacsMdj us 1942 esa vf•y Hkkjrh; vuqlwfpr
z xqIr xksnkojh% ;g fp=kdwV ls 18 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij fLFkr
tkfr la?k ds :i esa cny fn;k x;kA
gSA Hkxoku jke vkSj y{e.k vius ouokl ds dqN le; ;gk¡ z tqykbZ 1942 esa] vacsMdj dks Je ea=kh ds :i esa ok;ljk;

#ds FksA xqIr xksnkojh ,d ioZr ds vanj xqIr xqiQk gS ftlesa dh dk;Zdkjh ifj"kn dk lnL; fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA mUgksaus
?kqVus rd ty dk Hkjko gSAa cM+h xqiQk esa iRFkj ds nks uDdk'khnkj ebZ 1946 esa bl in ls bLrhiQk ns fn;kA
flagklu gSa] ekuk tkrk gS fd os jke vkSj y{e.k ds FksA z vacsMdj dks lafoèkku lHkk dh elkSnk lfefr ds vè;{k ds
:i esa pquk x;k FkkA mUgsa Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dk tud dgk
11. (b)
tkrk gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k ds eFkqjk f”kys ds o`ankou esa pS=k ekl esa jFk z vacsMdj us laoSèkkfud mipkj ds vfèkdkj dks lafoèkku dh
esys dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA ;g esyk Hkxoku jaxukFk ds vkRek vkSj Hkkjr la?k dks ¶fouk'kh jkT;ksa dk vfouk'kh la?k¸
lEeku esa vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA ekukA
z eFkqjk esa 'kqDy i{k esa dkfrZd ekg ds nwljs fnu ;e f}rh;k z mudh dqN çfl¼ iqLrdksa esa 'kkfey gSa% vNwr% os dkSu gSa
esys dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA ;g cguksa vkSj muds Hkkb;ksa vkSj os vNwr D;ksa cu x, gSa_ Hkxoku~ cq¼ vkSj mudk èkeZ_
ds chp fo'okl] lEeku vkSj I;kj dk R;ksgkj gSA j{kkcaèku ds ^fganw efgykvksa dk mRFkku vkSj iru*] ^vNwrksa dh eqfDr*]
vykok] ;g o"kZ dk ,d vkSj R;ksgkj gS tks cguksa vkSj Hkkb;ksa ^fczfV'k Hkkjr esa çkarh; foÙk dk fodkl*_ ^ikfdLrku ;k Hkkjr
ds I;kj vkSj caèku dks n'kkZrk gSA ikSjkf.kd dFkk ds vuqlkj] dk foHkktu*] ^Hkk"kk;ksa jkT;ksa ij fopkj] vkfnA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 4 4
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z vacsMdj us 14 vDrwcj] 1956 dks ckS¼ èkeZ viuk fy;kA 6 15. (a)
fnlacj] 1956 dks fnYyh esa raf=kdk lacaèkh eèkqesg jksx ds
dkj.k mudk fuèku gks x;kA O;k[;k% ,d ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dks ,d ç.kkyh dh ,d bdkbZ ds
:i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gS tgk¡ tho ,d&nwljs vkSj vius
z mudh e`R;q ds ckn] muds vuq;kf;;ksa }kjk 1957 esa muds
i;kZoj.k ds lkFk varfØZ;k djrs gSa ftlls ÅtkZ dk vknku&çnku
jktuhfrd ny vuqlwfpr tkfr la?k dk uke cnydj fjifCydu
gksrk gS vkSj rÙoksa dh pØh; ç.kkyh&Lrjh; çfØ;k,¡ gksrh gSaA
ikVhZ vkWiQ bafM;k dj fn;k x;kA
z ;g thoeaMy dh ,d lajpukRed vkSj dk;kZRed bdkbZ gS
13. (d)
ftlesa thfor çkf.k;ksa (tSfod ?kVd) vkSj HkkSfrd i;kZoj.k
O;k[;k% flfDde ls xqtjus okyk v{kka'k jktLFkku ls Hkh gksdj (vtSfod ?kVd) 'kkfey gksrk gS] tks vkil esa varfØZ;k dj
xqtjrk gSA inkFkks± dk vknku&çnku djrs gSaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gS vkSj
z 27 fMxzh v{kka'k jktLFkku ds vyoj vkSj flfDde ds xaxVksd dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
ls gksdj Hkh xqtjrk gSA z ,d NksVs ls rkykc ls ysdj cM+s taxy ;k leqæ rd dk
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k cgqr fHkUu gksrk gSA
14. (a) z ,d ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa jgus okys gj çk.kh vU; çtkfr;ksa vkSj
rÙoksa ij fuHkZj gSa tks ml ikfjfLFkfrd leqnk; dk Hkh fgLlk
O;k[;k% fdlh ns'k ds ldy ?kjsyw mRikn (GDP) dks ,d fuf'pr
gSA ;fn ikfjfLFkfrd ra=k dk ,d Hkkx {kfrxzLr gks tkrk gS ;k
vofèk (vkerkSj ij ,d dSysaMj o"kZ) esa fdlh ns'k ds Hkhrj
lekIr gks tkrk gS] rks bldk çHkko ckdh lHkh ij iM+rk gSA
mRikfnr lHkh vafre oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds dqy ck”kkj ewY;
ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh 16. (c)
gSA O;k[;k% eqgEen fcu rqxyd (1325-1351)%
z ^ldy* dk rkRi;Z gS ,slh x.kuk ls gS tks ewY;ßkl dks ?kVk, z eè;dkyhu Hkkjr ds bfrgkl esa mudh egRokdka{kh ;kstukvksa
fcuk dh tkrh gS_ ^?kjsyw* dk vFkZ gS fd ;g ns'k esa vkfFkZd vkSj ç;ksxksa ds dkj.k og ,d cgqr gh vkd"kZd pfj=k FkkA
xfrfofèk;ksa dks muds LokfeRo dks vkèkkj cuk, fcuk ekirk muds m|e vkSj miU;kl esa ç;ksx n;uh; foiQyrkvksa ds lkFk
gSA bl çdkj blesa fons'kh LokfeRo okyh daifu;ksa }kjk ns'k esa lekIr gq, D;ksafd os lHkh vius le; ls cgqr vkxs FksA
dh xbZ vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS vkSj z os èkkfeZd ekeyksa ds çfr cgqr lfg".kq FkkA mUgksu a s felz] phu
fons'kksa esa fuokfl;ksa ds LokfeRo okyh iQeks± dh vkfFkZd vkSj bZjku tSls nwj ds ns'kksa ds lkFk jktuf;d lacèa k LFkkfir fd;sA
xfrfofèk;ksa dks 'kkfey ugha fd;k tkrk gSA ^mRikn* ls rkRi;Z
z mUgksaus dbZ mnkj vkSj ykHkdkjh lqèkkj Hkh çLrqr fd;k ysfdu
fuokfl;ksa }kjk mRikfnr okLrfod mRiknu dks ekiuk gSA
muds lHkh lqèkkj foiQy jgsA
ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ¾ futh miHkksx $ ldy fuos'k $ ljdkjh z blkeh] cjuh vkSj bCu crwrk tSls ledkyhu ys•d muds O;fDrRo
fuos'k $ ljdkjh •pZ $ (fu;kZr&vk;kr) dh lgh rLohj nsus esa vleFkZ FksA ysfdu] eqgEen fcu rqxyd
z fdlh ns'k dk ldy ?kjsyw mRikn rc c<+rk gS tc ?kjsyw ,dek=k fnYyh lqYrku Fkk ftlus O;kid lk{kjrk] èkkfeZd vkSj
mRikndksa }kjk fons'kksa esa csph tkus okyh oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa nk'kZfud f'k{kk çkIr dh FkhA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
dk dqy ewY; ?kjsyw miHkksDrkvksa }kjk •jhns tkus okys fons'kh
17. (c)
oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds dqy ewY; ls vfèkd gks tkrk gSA bl
fLFkfr dks fdlh ns'k ds O;kikj vfèk'ks"k dh fLFkfr ds :i esa O;k[;k% 1833 dk pkVZj vfèkfu;e%
bafxr fd;k tkrk gSA z blus caxky ds xouZj&tujy dks Hkkjr dk xouZj&tujy cuk
z O;kikj vfèk'ks"k ds foijhr fLFkfr rc mRiUu gksrh gS tc ?kjsyw fn;k vkSj mlesa lHkh ukxfjd ,oa lSU; 'kfDr;k¡ fufgr dj nh
miHkksDrk }kjk fons'kh mRiknksa ij •pZ dh tkus okyh jkf'k ?kjsyw xbZA bl çdkj] bl vfèkfu;e us igyh ckj ,d ,slh ljdkj
mRikndksa }kjk fons'kh miHkksDrkvksa dks cspus esa l{ke dqy jkf'k dk fuekZ.k fd;k ftldk fczfV'k vkfèkiR; okys laiw.kZ Hkkjrh;
ls vfèkd gksrh gS] ftls O;kikj ?kkVk dgk tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr {ks=k ij iw.kZ fu;a=k.k FkkA ykWMZ fofy;e csafVd Hkkjr dk igy
esa fdlh ns'k dh th-Mh-ih- esa fxjkoV vkrh gSA xouZj&tujy cukA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 5 5
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z blus ckWEcs vkSj eækl ds xouZjksa dks mudh foèkk;h 'kfDr;ksa z Hkkjr esa] Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad (SBI)] vkbZ-lh-vkbZ-lh-vkbZ- cSad
ls oafpr dj fn;k vkSj Hkkjr ds xouZj&tujy dks laiw.kZ fczfV'k vkSj ,p-Mh-,iQ-lh- cSad dks ?kjsyw rFkk O;ofLFkr :i ls
Hkkjr ds fy;s fo'ks"k foèkk;h 'kfDr;k¡ çnku dj nh xb±A iwoZ egÙoiw . kZ cS a d ks a (Mh-&,l-vkbZ - ch-) ds :i es a igpkuk
ds vfèkfu;eksa ds rgr cuk, x, dkuwuksa dks ^jsxqys'ku* ;k tkrk gS A
fu;ked dkuwu dgk tkrk Fkk] tcfd bl vfèkfu;e ds rgr z jk"Vªh; vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy;s muds egÙo ds vuqlkj Mh-&,l-
cuk, x, dkuwuksa dks ^,DV* ;k vfèkfu;e dgk tkus yxkA vkbZ-ch- dks ika¡p Vksdjh@cdsV esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k gSA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA z Mh-&,l-vkbZ-ch- ds :i esa lwphc¼ gksus ds fy;s] ,d cSad
z blus bZLV bafM;k daiuh dh ,d okf.kfT;d fudk; ds :i esa ds ikl jk"Vªh; ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ds 2 çfr'kr ls vfèkd dh
dh tkus okyh xfrfofèk;ksa dks lekIr dj fn;k vkSj vc ;g laifÙk gksuh pkfg;sA blds ckn cSadksa dks muds egÙo ds Lrj
fo'kq¼ :i ls ç'kklfud fudk; cu x;kA blds rgr Hkkjr ij ika¡p Vksdjh@cdsV esa oxhZÑr fd;k tkrk gSA
esa daiuh ds vfèkdkj okys {ks=k fczfV'k jkt'kkgh vkSj mlds z vkbZ-lh-vkbZ-lh-vkbZ- cSad vkSj ,p-Mh-,iQ-lh- cSad ds fy;s
mÙkjkfèkdkfj;ksa ds fu;a=k.k esa dj fn;s x,A Øe'k% ,d&,d cdsV esa tcfd ,l-ch-vkbZ- cSad dks rhu
z bl vfèkfu;e us flfoy lsodksa ds p;u ds fy;s •qyh çfrLi¼kZ cdsV esa LFkku çnku fd;k x;k gSA
dh ,d ç.kkyh 'kq: djus dk ç;kl fd;k vkSj dgk fd z 2008 ds foÙkh; ladV ds ckn Mh-&,l-vkbZ-ch- dh ç.kkyh
Hkkjrh;ksa dks daiuh ds rgr fdlh Hkh in] dk;kZy; vkSj jks”kxkj dks viuk;k x;k Fkk] tgk¡ fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa O;ofLFkr :i
ls oafpr ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA gkyk¡fd dksVZ vkWiQ Mk;jsDVlZ ls egÙoiw.kZ cSadksa ds iru us foÙkh; eanh dks vkSj c<+kok
ds fojksèk ds ckn bl çkoèkku dks lekIr dj fn;k x;kA fn;k FkkA
18. (d) 20. (d)
O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; varfj{k vkSj vuqlaèkku laxBu (bljks) us nqfu;k dh O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k ds lkr f”kys mÙkjk•aM dh lhek dks Li'kZ djrs
lcls gYdh bUlqysV lkexzh] ^flfydk ,jkstsy* fodflr dh gSaA
gS] ftls ¶tek gqvk èkqvk¡¸ ;k ¶uhyh gok¸ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA 1- lgkjuiqj
z ;g ,d Bksl gS ysfdu blesa tfVy eSfVªDl gS] ;g 99 çfr'kr
gok dks ?ksj ysrk gSA ;g bls dbZ vf}rh; xq.k tSls vR;ar
2- eqtÝiQjuxj
3- fctukSj
चमन Q¨V¨LV¢V
gYdk vkSj FkeZy bUlqysVj gSA
4- eqjknkckn
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA CONTACT NO. 9310098385, 931001166
5- jkeiqj
19. (c)
6- cjsyh
O;k[;k% ^Mh-&,l-vkbZ-ch-* (D-SIB) dk eryc ?kjsyw vkSj O;ofLFkr 7- ihyhHkhr
:i ls egÙoiw.kZ cSad gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
z bl 'kCn dk mi;ksx mu cSadksa dks lanfHkZr djus ds fy;s fd;k 21. (d)
tkrk gS ftuds foiQy gksus ij mudk çHkko vFkZO;oLFkk ds
fy;s fouk'kdkjh lkfcr gksrk gSA O;k[;k%
z ,l-vkbZ-ch- dks muds }kjk çLrqr ç.kkyhxr tksf•eksa vkSj uSfrd Oghdy fo'ks"krk,¡
•rjksa ds eqíksa ls fuiVus ds vfrfjDr uhfrxr mik;ksa fd;s #Lre z ;g Lons'k esa fodflr fjeksV fu;af=kr] eè;e
tkrs gSaA (RUSTOM) Å¡pkbZ vkSj yach lgu'kfDr (MALE) ekuo
z bu cSadksa dh vO;ofLFkr foiQyrk dh fLFkfr esa muds }kjk jfgr gokbZ okgu (;w-,-oh-) gSA
cSafdax ç.kkyh dks çnku dh tkus okyh vko';d lsokvksa vkSj z bls oSekfudh fodkl çfr"Bku] DRDO }kjk
lexz vkfFkZd xfrfofèk esa egÙoiw.kZ O;oèkku iSnk gks fM”kkbu vkSj fufeZr fd;k x;k gSA vr%
ldrk gSA dFku 1 lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 6 6
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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us=k z ;g igyh Lons'k fufeZr ,;jcksuZ vyhZ okfu±x z ddZ js•k ,d dkYifud js•k gS tks 23.50 fMxzh ds dks.k
(NETRA) ,aM daVªksy flLVe (AEW-C) gSA bls ij gSA
DRDO }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gSA vr% z ;g Hkweè; js•k ds mÙkj esa gS] tks Hkkjr ds eè; ls gksdj
dFku 2 lgh gSA xqtjrh gSA
z blesa ,d lfØ; bysDVªkWfud LdSu ,js (,-bZ- z ddZ js•k 17 ns'kksa ls gksdj xqtjrh gS vkSj Hkkjr muesa ls
,l-,-) jMkj] lsdsaMjh lfoZykal jMkj] ,d gSA
bysDVªkWfud vkSj dE;qfuds'ku dkmaVjestlZ] z Hkkjr dh eq[; Hkwfe 8°4'N vkSj 37°6'N v{kka'kksa ds chp
fc;ka M &ykbu&vkW i Q&fotu Ms V kfya D l] iQSyh gqbZ gSA
lSVsykbV dE;qfuds'ku flLVe vkSj ,MokaLM z ns'k ds if'peh vkSj iwohZ nks pje fcanqvksa ij fLFkr LFkkuksa ds
vkbMsafVfiQds'ku ÚsaM&;k&Ý;w çksc 'kkfey gSaA LFkkuh; le; esa cgqr vfèkd varj gS D;ksfd O;kid ns'kkarjh;
ea=k z DRDO us Hkkjr dk igyk ekuojfgr] fjeksV foLrkj vkSj yxHkx 29° dk varj gSaA
(MUNTRA) ls lapkfyr VSad gS] ftldk uke ea=kk gSA vr% z bu nksuksa fcanqvksa ds chp yxHkx nks ?kaVs dk varj gSA
dFku 3 lgh gSA
24. (d)
z VSad jMkj ls ySl gS] ystj jsat iQkbaMj ds
lkFk ,dhÑr dSejk gS tks 15 fdeh- nwj O;k[;k% eqækLiQhfr ls lacafèkr lwpdkad
tehuh y{; dh fuxjkuh dj ldrk gSA z miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad (CPI)% miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad
z ijek.kq vkSj tSfod •rjs okys {ks=kksa esa miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dh dherksa dks ekius okyk ,d ewY;
fuxjkuh] ekbu dk irk yxkus vkSj Vksgh ds lwpdkad gSA
fy;s ea=k dk mi;ksx fd;k tk,xkA z Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad (WPI)% Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad] miHkksDrkvksa
22. (c) rd igq¡pus ls igys eky dh dher esa cnyko dks ekirk gS
O;k[;k% lafoèkku lHkk esa dqy 300 lnL; FksA buesa ls Ng lnL;ksa vkSj bldh fuxjkuh djrk gSA ,slh oLrq tks Fkksd esa csph tkrh
us fo'ks"k :i ls egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA bues ls rhu gS vkSj blds varxZr laLFkkvksa ;k O;olk;ksa (miHkksDrkvksa ds
tokgjyky usg:] oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy vkSj jktsaæ çlkn dkWUxsl ctk;) ds chp dkjksckj fd;k tkrk gS] Fkksd ewY; ds varxZr
ds çfrfufèk FksA vkrs gSaA Fkksd ewY; lwpdkad (WPI) ns'k ds eqækLiQhfr ds
z dkWUxsl dh bl frdM+h ds vykok] blesa foèkkulHkk ds vU; Lrj dk ,d ladsrd gSA
egÙoiw.kZ lnL; (odhy vkSj vFkZ'kkL=kh)] MkW- ch-vkj- vacMs dj z mRiknd ewY; lwpdkad (PPI)% mRiknd ewY; lwpdkad
'kkfey FksA muds lkFk nks vU; odhy xqtjkr ls ds-,e- eqa'kh
oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds ?kjsyw mRikndksa }kjk çkIr fcØh ewY;ksa
vkSj eækl ls vYyknh Ñ".kLokeh vÕ;j Fks] nksuksa us lafoèkku
esa le; ds lkFk vkSlr ifjorZu dks ekirk gSA mRiknd ewY;
ds elkSns esa vge ;ksxnku fn;kA
lwpdkad esa foØsrk ds n`f"Vdks.k ls ewY; ifjorZu dks ekirs
z bu Ng lnL;ksa dks nks flfoy lsodksa }kjk lgk;rk çnku dh
gSaA ;g miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad (lh-ih-vkbZ-) tSls vU; mik;ksa
xbZA ,d Hkkjr ljdkj ds laoSèkkfud lykgdkj ch-,u- jko Fks]
ftUgksaus vU; ns'kksa esa çkIr jktuhfrd O;oLFkkvksa ds xgu ds foijhr gS] tks Øsrk ds n`f"Vdks.k ls ewY; ifjorZu dks ekirk
vè;;u ds vkèkkj ij i`"BHkwfe ds i=kksa dh ,d Ük`a•yk rS;kj gSA ljdkjh lfClMh] fcØh vkSj mRikn 'kqYd vkSj forj.k
dhA nwljs eq[; elkSnkdkj] ,l-,u- eq•thZ Fks] tks Li"V dkuwuh ykxr ds dkj.k foØsrkvksa rFkk •jhnnkjksa dh dhersa fHkUu gks
Hkk"kk esa tfVy çLrkoksa dks j•us dh {kerk j•rs FksA vr%] ldrh gSaA
fodYi (c) lgh gSA z mRiknd ewY; lwpdkad esa eq[; rhu oxhZÑr lajpuk,a¡ gSa%
23. (d) 1. m|ksx oxhZdj.k
O;k[;k% Hkkjr esa ddZ js•k 8 jkT;ksa ls gksdj xqtjrh gSA jktLFkku] 2. oLrq oxhZdj.k
xqtjkr] eè; çns'k] NÙkhlx<+] >kj•aM] if'pe caxky] f=kiqjk 3. oLrq vkèkkfjr vafre ekax&eè;orhZ ekax (FD-ID) ç.kkyh
vkSj fetksjeA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 7 7
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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25. (d) z ,p-lh- eq•thZ vkSj oh-Vh- Ñ".kekpkjh nksuksa dks lafoèkku lHkk
ds mikè;{k ds :i esa pquk x;kA nwljs 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks lafoèkku
O;k[;k% m".k jDr okys tkuoj os tkuoj gSa tks vis{kkÑr vkarfjd
lHkk esa nks mikè;{k FksA
'kjhj ds fLFkj rkieku dks fu;af=kr vkSj cuk, j•us dh vfèkd
{kerk j•rs gSaA lerkih çtkfr;k¡ p;kip; (Metabolic) 28. (b)
çfØ;kvksa dks fofu;fer djds 'kjhj dk rkieku fLFkj cuk, O;k[;k% gky gh esa] dsaæh; foÙk ea=kh us 2022&23 ds dsaæh; ctV
j•rh gSaA esa igkM+h {ks=kksa esa dusfDVfoVh esa lqèkkj ds fy;s jk"Vªh; jksios
z m".k jDr okys tkuojksa dh vkarfjd rkieku cuk, j•us dh fodkl dk;ZØe& ¶ioZrekyk¸ dh ?kks"k.kk dhA vr% dFku
{kerk bUgsa] 'khr jDr okys ;k vlerkih tkuojksa (ftudk 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa lgh gSaA
rkieku vkerkSj ij muds i;kZoj.k ds rkieku ds yxHkx leku ioZrekyk ;kstuk%
gksrk gS) ls vyx djrh gSA m".k jDr okys tkuoj mu z ;kstuk dks ih-ih-ih- (ifCyd çkbosV ikVZujf'ki) eksM ij 'kq:
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lfØ; jgus esa l{ke gksrs gSa ftuesa 'khr jDr fd;k tk,xk] tks nqxZe igkM+h {ks=kksa esa ikjaifjd lM+dksa ds LFkku
okys tkuoj ugha jg ldrs gSaA ij ikfjfLFkfrd :i ls vfèkekU; ,d laoguh; fodYi gksxkA
z tSlk fd exjePN vkSj dNqvk ljhl`i ifjokj ls lacafèkr gSa] vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA
os m".k jDr okys ugha gSaA eNfy;k¡ Hkh 'khr jDr okyh gksrh z bldk mís'; i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds vykok ;kf=k;ksa ds fy;s
gSa vkSj vius rkieku dks fu;af=kr ugha dj ldrh gSaA blfy;s
dusfDVfoVh vkSj lqfoèkk esa lqèkkj djuk gSA
lgh mÙkj eksj vkSj Å¡V gSa A
z blesa HkhM+HkkM+ okys 'kgjh {ks=kksa dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
gS] tgk¡ ikjaifjd tu ifjogu ç.kkyh laHko ugha gSA
26. (c)
z ;g ;kstuk orZeku esa mÙkjk•aM] fgekpy çns'k] ef.kiqj] tEew
O;k[;k% Hkkjr esa viuh fLFkfr dks etcwr djus ds ckn fnYyh ds o d'ehj vkSj vU; iwokZsÙkj jkT;ksa esa 'kq: dh tk jgh gSA
lqYrkuksa us Hkw&jktLo ç'kklu esa lqèkkjksa dh 'kq#vkr dhA Hkwfe z foÙk ea=kh us 2022&23 esa 60 fdeh- dh yackbZ okys 8 jksios
dks rhu Jsf.k;ksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k Fkk% ifj;kstukvksa ds fy;s vuqcaèk fd;s tkus dh Hkh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
1. bDrk Hkwfe% ;s Hkwfe vfèkdkfj;ksa dks mudh lsokvksa ds z lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=kky; (MORTH) ds ikl bl
Hkqxrku ds LFkku ij bDrk ds :i esa lkSaih tkrh FkhA {ks=k esa jksios vkSj oSdfYid xfr'khyrk lekèkku çkS|ksfxdh ds
2. •kylk Hkwfe% ;s Hkwfe lqYrku ds lhèks fu;a=k.k esa jgrh lkFk&lkFk fuekZ.k] vuqlaèkku vkSj uhfr ds fodkl dh f”kEesnkjh
Fkh rFkk blds }kjk ,d=k jktLo 'kkgh njckj vkSj 'kkgh gksxhA
?kjkus ds j•j•ko ds fy;s •pZ fd;k tkrk FkkA vr% 29. (d)
fodYi (c) lgh gSA
3. buke Hkwfe% ;s Hkwfe èkkfeZd usrkvksa ;k èkkfeZd laLFkkuksa
O;k[;k% NIXI Hkkjr esa baVjusV dk çlkj djus ds fy;s o"kZ 2003
dks lkSaih ;k nh xbZ FkhA ls dke dj jgk ,d xSj&ykHkdkjh laxBu gSA vr% dFku 1
lgh gSA
27. (a)
z bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; (MeitY) us us'kuy
O;k[;k% lafoèkku lHkk% baVjusV ,Dlpsat vkWiQ bafM;k (NIXI) dh rhu ubZ igy@lsok,¡
z lafoèkku lHkk dh igyh cSBd 9 fnlacj] 1946 dks vk;ksftr 'kq: dh gSaA
gqbZA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA z IP xq#] NIXI vdkneh] NIXI-IP-INDEX rhu ykWUp dh
z eqfLye yhx us bl cSBd dk cfg"dkj fd;k vkSj ,d vyx xbZ igy@lsok,¡ gSa tks IPv4 ls IPv6 esa lqxe Vªkalfe'ku
ns'k ^ikfdLrku* dh ekax ij tksj fn;kA bl dkj.k cSBd esa lqfuf'pr djsaxhA
dsoy 211 lnL;ksa us Hkkx fy;kA z IP dk eryc ^baVjusV çksVksdkWy* gSA ;g fu;eksa dk ,d lewg
z lafoèkku lHkk ds lcls ofj"B lnL; MkW- lfPpnkuan flUgk dks gS tks r; djrk gS fd lkoZtfud usVodZ (baVjusV) ij MsVk
lHkk ds vLFkk;h vè;{k ds :i esa pquk x;k] ckn esa MkW- jktsaæ dSls forfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA Hkkjr IPv4 ls IPv6 dh vksj
çlkn dks lafoèkku lHkk dk LFkk;h vè;{k pquk x;kA LFkkukarfjr gks jgk gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 8 8
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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IPv4: z ;gk¡ ds iqjkrRofonksa dks taxyh ?kkl ds lkFk&lkFk •srh fd;s

z IPv4 IP dk igyk çeq• laLdj.k FkkA ;g lcls O;kid :i x, pkoy ds nkuksa ls ;qDr dkckZsusVsM inkFkZ ds vo'ks"k feys
ls bLrseky fd;k tkus okyk vkbZ-ih- laLdj.k gSA bldk mi;ksx gSaA fu"d"kZ crkrs gSa fd bl {ks=k esa jgus okys yksxksa us Hkh
,Mªsflax flLVe dk mi;ksx djds usVodZ ij midj.kksa dh 10,000 o"kZ igys •srh 'kq: dh FkhA tcfd dksfYMgok esa gqbZ
igpku djus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA pkoy dh •srh djhc 6500 ls 7000 o"kZ iqjkuh FkhA vr%
z IPv4 ,d 32&fcV vkbZ-ih- dk mi;ksx djrk gS vkSj baVjusV dFku 1 lgh gSA
VªSfiQd dk 94% ogu djrk gSA
32. (b)
IPv6:
z IPv6 baVjusV çksVksdkWy dk uohure laLdj.k gSA lqbV ds O;k[;k% foHkktu us jk"Vªokfn;ksa dks i`Fkd fuokZpd eaMy ds fopkj
fMtkbu vkSj fodkl dks vc IPv6 dgk tkrk gSA bls IPng dk tedj fojksèk djus dks etcwj fd;k FkkA os fujarj x`g;q¼]
(baVjusV çksVksdkWy usDLV tsujs'ku) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA blesa naxksa vkSj fgalk ds Hk; ls =kLr FksA
vuar la[;k esa irs çnku djus dh {kerk gSA vr% dFku 3 z ljnkj iVsy us ?kks"k.kk fd;k fd i`Fkd fuokZpd eaMy ¶gekjs
lgh gSA ns'k dh jktuhfr esa ços'k djus okyk tgj gS¸A ;g ,d ,slh
z IPv6 }kjk çnku fd;k tkus okyk lcls çfl¼ ykHk ekax Fkh ftlus ,d leqnk; dks nwljs ds f•ykiQ dj fn;k]
,Dliksusaf'k;y ,Mªsl Lisl gSA IPv6 esa vafre&mi;ksxdÙkkZ jk"Vª dks foHkkftr fd;k] jDrikr fd;k vkSj ns'k ds nq•n
xksiuh;rk dh j{kk ds fy;s ,d xksiuh;rk çksVksdkWy gSA orZeku foHkktu dk dkj.k cukA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
baVjusV (v4) esa çHkkoh xksiuh;rk vkSj çHkkoh çek.khdj.k ra=k 33. (d)
dk vHkko gSA
O;k[;k% nksuksa 'kgjksa dh ns'kkarjh; fLFkfr ds dkj.k v#.kkpy çns'k
30. (d)
vkSj xqtjkr ds chp le; esa yxHkx 2 ?kaVs dk varj gSA
O;k[;k% fp=kdwV esa jkuhiqj oU;tho vHk;kj.; dks mÙkj çns'k esa z bl çdkj ;fn lw;Z v#.kkpy çns'k esa yxHkx 5.30 a.m. cts
pkSFks ck?k vHk;kj.; ds :i esa fodflr djus ds fy;s ou (IST) mxrk gS rks xqtjkr ds okih esa lw;Z mn; yxHkx 7.30
foHkkx us jkT; ljdkj dks çLrko Hkstk gSA vr% fodYi (d) a.m. cts mn; gksxkA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
lgh gSA
34. (a)
z orZeku esa mÙkj izns'k esa 3 ck?k vHk;kj.; & y•heiqj (884
oxZehVj] nqèkok fj”koZ)] ihyhHkhr (720 oxZehVj) vkSj fctukSj O;k[;k% LTE vkSj VoLTE ds chp varj
(80 oxZehVj] veux<+) gSaA
LTE VoLTE
z tcfd ;s rhuksa vHk;kj.; ck?k&çèkku gSa] yxHkx 250 oxZehVj
;g eq[; :i ls vksuyh&MsVk okW;l vksoj ,y-Vh-bZ- okW;l vkSj
{ks=kiQy okys jkuhiqj vHk;kj.; esa dksbZ ^LFkkfud ck?k* ugha
rduhd ds fy;s fM”kkbu MsVk nksuksa dks ys tkus ds fy;s
gSA gkyk¡fd ;gk¡ fpadkjk leqnk;] lqLr Hkkyw] dkys fgj.k vkSj
fd;k x;kA fM”kkbu fd;k x;kA
rsanq, lfgr Ñ".k e`x ik, tkrs gSA
ew y :i ls okW ; l dk okW;l ds lkFk&lkFk MsVk Vªkalfe'ku
31. (a)
Vªkalfe'ku ugha djrk gSA djrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
O;k[;k% iqjkrRo lacaèkh fu"d"kZ ds vuqlkj lar dchj uxj f”kys ds MsVk dusD'ku pkyw jgus ij MsVk dusD'ku pkyw gksus ij Hkh okW;l
ygqjknso esa fLFkr eè; xaxk ?kkVh (mÙkj çns'k) igys fdlku okW;l dh xq.koÙkk de gks dh xq.koÙkk mRÑ"V jgrh gSA vr%
dk ?kj jgk gksxkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gS tkrh gSA dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
z jkT; iqjkrRo foHkkx] ftlus ygqjknso ds Vhys ij •qnkbZ djokbZ
eksckby midj.kksa vkSj MsVk baVjusV vkWiQ fFkaXl vkSj fo;jscYl
gS] ds fu"d"kZ ds vuqlkj bl ?kkVh esa jgus okys iqjkru ekuoksa
VfeZuyksa ds fy;s mPp xfr lfgr eksckby midj.kksa vkSj MsVk
us •kukcnks'k thou dks vyfonk dg fn;k vkSj u, ik"kk.k
;qx ds nkSjku •srh djus yxs vkSj tkuojksa dh ikyrw cukuk okys ok;jysl lapkj ds fy;s VfeZuyksa ds fy;s gkbZ&LihM ok;jysl
'kq: fd;kA ,d ekudA lapkj ds fy;s ,d ekudA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 9 9
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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35. (c)  lkaLÑfrd ewY;% çkÑfrd okrkoj.k lHkh laLÑfr;ksa ds

yksxksa dh çsj.kknk;d] lkSan;Z] vkè;kfRed vkSj 'kSf{kd
O;k[;k% thfor tho dbZ ikfjfLFkfrd lsok,¡ eqÝr çnku djrs gSa tks vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djrk gSA tSfod fofoèkrk fofHkUu
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k ds LokLF; dks cuk, j•us ds fy;s f”kEesnkj leqnk;ksa dks ,d fof'k"V lkaLÑfrd igpku çnku dj
gSaA bl çdkj ikfjfLFkfrd ra=k ds lkFk&lkFk O;fDrxr çtkfr;ksa ldrh gSA vfèkdka'k Hkkjrh; xk¡oksa vkSj dLcksa esa] rqylh
ls oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds j•j•ko vkSj laèkkj.kh; mi;ksx ds (Ocimum Sanctum)] ihiy (Religiosa)] •s t M+ h
fy;s tSo fofoèkrk vko';d gSA (Prosopis Cineraria) tSls ikSèks yxk, tkrs gSa vkSj mUgsa
z tSfod fofoèkrk ds fofHkUu ykHkksa dk mYys• uhps fd;k ifo=k ekuk tkrk gS vkSj mudh iwtk dh tkrh gSA
x;k gS%  vuqlaèkku] f'k{kk vkSj fuxjkuh% tSfod lalkèkuksa dk
 ty lalkèkuksa dk laj{k.k% çkÑfrd ouLifr vkoj.k csgrj mi;ksx dSls fd;k tk,] bl ckjs esa vHkh cgqr dqN
ty pØ dks cuk, j•us] ty viokg dks fofu;fer lh•uk ckdh gSA çkÑfrd {ks=k ,sls vè;;uksa ds fy;s]
vkSj fLFkj djus vkSj ck<+ vkSj lw•s tSlh pje ?kVukvksa mi;ksx dh ç.kkfy;ksa ds rgr vU; {ks=kksa dh rqyuk esa
ls lqj{kk ds fy;s ,d ciQj ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh vkSj fodkl esa ewY;oku vuqlaèkku ds
vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA fy;s mRÑ"V thfor ç;ksx'kkyk,¡ çnku djrs gSaA
 e`nk laj{k.k% tSfod fofoèkrk e`nk ds laj{k.k vkSj ueh 36. (b)
vkSj iks"kd rÙoksa dks cuk, j•us esa enn djrh gSA vr% O;k[;k% rjy lek;kstu lqfoèkk (LAF)] vkj-ch-vkbZ- }kjk ekSfæd
dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA uhfr esa mi;ksx fd;k tkus okyk ,d midj.k gS] tks cSadksa dks
 iks"kd rÙo HkaMkj.k vkSj pØ.k% ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k iqu•Zjhn le>kSrksa (jsiks) ds ekè;e ls ;k cSadksa dks le>kSrksa
okrkoj.k ds lkFk&lkFk e`nk esa ik, tkus okys iks"kd rÙoksa ds ekè;e ls vkj-ch-vkbZ- dks ½.k nsus dh vuqefr nsrk gSA
ds iqupZØ.k dk egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z djrk gSA ikSèks iks"kd vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
rRoksa dks xzg.k djus esa l{ke gksrs gSa vkSj ;s iks"kd rÙo z ;g O;oLFkk udnh nckoksa ds çcaèku vkSj foÙkh; ck”kkjksa esa
rc •k| Ük`a•ykvksa dk vkèkkj curs gSa tc budk mi;ksx cqfu;knh fLFkjrk lqfuf'pr djus esa çHkkoh gSA
thoksa dh ,d foLr`r Ük`a•yk }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA z la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk esa] iQsMjy fj”koZ vius •qys ck”kkj

 ikfjfLFkfrd çfØ;kvksa dk j•j•ko% if{k;ksa dh

lapkyu ds rgr jsiks vkSj fjolZ jsiks (fjolZ jsiks nj og nj gS
fofHkUu çtkfr;k¡ dhVksa dks fu;af=kr djus esa enn djrh ftl ij vkj-ch-vkbZ- ns'k ds Hkhrj okf.kfT;d cSadksa ls iSlk
mèkkj ysrk gS) dk ysunsu djrk gSA
gSa] bl çdkj ;s Ñf=ke fu;a=k.k mik;ksa dh vko';drk
z cSafdax {ks=k lqèkkjksa* ij ujflageu lfefr (1998) ds lq>koksa
vkSj ykxr dks de djrh gSaA vr% dFku 5 lgh gSA
ifj.kkeLo:i vkj-ch-vkbZ- us rjy lek;kstu lqfoèkk (LAF)
 iQly lqèkkj ds fy;s czhfMax lkexzh% •srh dh iQly
dh 'kq#vkr dhA
ds taxyh çtkfr;ksa esa ewY;oku thu gksrs gSa tks iQly
37. (a)
lqèkkj dk;ZØeksa esa vR;fèkd vkuqoaf'kd ewY; ds gksrs gSaA
taxyh iQly ds ikSèkksa dh vkuqoaf'kd lkexzh ;k thu dk O;k[;k% 26 uoacj] 1949 dks vaxhÑr Hkkjrh; lafoèkku esa ,d
mi;ksx iQly ds ikSèkksa dh ubZ fdLeksa dks fodflr djus çLrkouk] 395 vuqPNsn vkSj 8 vuqlwfp;k¡ 'kkfey FkhaA çLrkouk
ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gS rkfd mit ;k çfrjksèk esa lqèkkj dks laiw.kZ lafoèkku ds ykxw gksus ds ckn çofrZr fd;k x;kA
dks ekStwnk iQlyksa fy;s mi;ksx fd;k tk ldsA vr% vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
dFku 4 lgh gSA 38. (a)
 Hkfo"; ds lalkèku% orZeku esa vYi mi;ksx okyh dbZ O;k[;k% ifjj{kd% os jklk;fud inkFkZ tks Hkkstu dks cSDVhfj;k]
•k| iQlysa Hkfo"; esa egÙoiw.kZ iQly cuus dh {kerk ;hLV vkSj eksYM ls lajf{kr djus ds fy;s mi;ksx fd;s tkrs
j•rh gSaA LFkkuh; yksxksa }kjk taxyh ikSèkksa ds mi;ksx dk gSa] ifjj{kd dgykrs gSaA mnkgj.k% lksfM;e csatks,V] lksfM;e
Kku vDlj u, ikSèkksa ds mRiknksa dks fodflr djus ds ;k iksVsf'k;e esVkfclYiQkbV] çksfi;ksfud ,flM ds yo.k]
fopkjksa dk lzksr gksrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA lkWfcZd ,flM vkfnA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 10 10
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z Ñf=ke LohVfuax ,tsaV% Ñf=ke LohVfuax ,tsaV os jlk;u gksrs z ;gk¡ rd fd gekjs vius 'kjhj dk æO;eku Hkh gekjs ikl ls
gSa] ftudk mi;ksx [kk| dks ehBk djus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk xqtjus okys çdk'k dks FkksM+k lk eksM+rk] gkyk¡fd bldk çHkko
gSA Ñf=ke feBkl nsus okys ,tsaVksa ds dqN mnkgj.k lSdfju] ekius ds fy;s cgqr NksVk gSA
,LikVZse] ,yhVse] lqØkykst vkfn gSaA ,LikVZse dk mi;ksx 40. (a)
vkerkSj ij VscyVkWi LohVuj ds :i esa] rS;kj •k| inkFkks±
O;k[;k% fganh Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds çlkj esa ukxjh çpkfj.kh lHkk
vkSj is; inkFkks± esa LohVuj ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA vr%
ds lkFk 1910 esa bykgkckn (orZeku ç;kxjkt esa) esa LFkkfir
dFku 2 lgh gSA fganh lkfgR; lEesyu us egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA vr% dFku
z •k| jax% •k| inkFkks± dh mifLFkfr esa lqèkkj ds fy;s jaxksa 2 lgh ugha gSA
dks tksM+k tkrk gS vkSj mudk dksbZ iks"kd ewY; ugha gksrk gSA z fganh lkfgR; lEesyu vfèkfu;e] 1962 us ?kksf"kr fd;k fd
 dkjesy] dSjksVhu] dslj vkfn lqjf{kr çkÑfrd •k| jax fganh lkfgR; lEesyu ds :i esa tkuh tkus okyh laLFkk jk"Vªh;
gSaA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA egRo dh laLFkk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA
 flaFksfVd •k| jaxksa esa ,tks MkbZ 'kkfey gSa tks NksVs cPpksa 41. (c)
vkSj vLFkek ds jksfx;ksa ds fy;s gkfudkjd gSaA mnkgj.k
O;k[;k% pquko vk;ksx ds vuqlkj] jkT; dh lHkh 403 foèkkulHkk
ds fy;s% VsVªkftuA
lhVksa esa ls Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ (Hkktik) us 255 lhVksa ij thr
 vdkcZfud yo.k dk mi;ksx •k| jaxksa ds :i esa Hkh gkfly dh gSA blds vykok ch-ts-ih- dh lg;ksxh viuk ny
fd;k tkrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s] vk;ju vkWDlkbM yky (lksusyky) us 12 vkSj fucZy bafM;u 'kksf"kr gekjk vke ny
jax çnku djrk gS tcfd VkbVsfu;e MkbvkWDlkbM liQsnh (fu"kkn) us 6 lhVsa thrh gSaA
dks rst djrk gSA z jkT; esa eq[; foi{kh ny lektoknh ikVhZ (lik) 111 lhVsa

39. (c) thrdj nwljs LFkku ij jghA lik dh lg;ksxh jk"Vªh; yksd ny
us 8 lhVsa vkSj lqgsynso Hkkjrh; lekt ikVhZ us 6 lhVsa thrhA
O;k[;k% lkekU; ysal] vkoèkZd dk¡p dh Hkkafr dks viofrZr djrk z dkWUxsl us dsoy nks lhVsa thrh] tcfd cgqtu lekt ikVhZ
gSA çdk'k ds eqM+us dh bl çfØ;k dks viorZu ds :i esa (clik)] tks dHkh mÙkj çns'k esa ,d çeq• jktuhfrd 'kfDr
tkuk tkrk gSA Fkh] us dsoy ,d lhV thrhA
z xq#Rokd"kZ.k ysaflax ,d leku rjhds ls dke djrk gS vkSj bls z bl çdkj jk"Vªh; nyksa }kjk thrh xbZ lhVksa dh dqy la[;k
vkbaLVhu ds lkekU; lkis{krk ds fl¼kar }kjk le>k;k x;k gS 255$2$1 ¾ 258 gksxhA
ftlesa dgk x;k æO;eku çdk'k dks eksM+rk gSA vr% dFku 1 vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
lgh gSA 42. (c)
z ,d fo'kky oLrq dk xq#Rokd"kZ.k {ks=k varfj{k esa cgqr nwj rd
O;k[;k% Hkkjr ljdkj vfèkfu;e] 1935 ds vfèkfu;e ds lkFk] csxe
iQSy tk,xk vkSj ml oLrq ds djhc ls xqtjus okyh çdk'k
,tkt jlwy eqfLye yhx esa 'kkfey gks xb± vkSj pqukoh jktuhfr
fdj.kksa dks (blds xq#Rokd"kZ.k {ks=k ds ekè;e ls) eqM+k gqvk
esa ços'k fd;kA
vkSj dgha vkSj ijkofrZr dj nsxkA
z 1937 ds pqukoksa esa] og mu dqN efgykvksa esa ls ,d Fkha]
z oLrq ftruh vfèkd fo'kky gksxh] mldk xq#Rokd"kZ.k {ks=k mruk
ftUgksaus liQyrkiwoZd ,d xSj&vkjf{kr lhV ls pquko yM+k vkSj
gh etcwr gksxkA blfy;s] çdk'k fdj.kksa dk vfèkd >qduk ;w-ih- foèkku lHkk ds fy;s fuokZfpr gqbZA
(tSls vkWfIVdy ysal cukus ds fy;s l?ku lkexzh dk mi;ksx z lHkh eqlyekuksa us i`Fkd fuokZpd eaMy dh ekax dk leFkZu
djus ls vfèkd ek=kk esa viorZu gksrk gS)A vr% dFku 2 ugha fd;kA csxe ,tkt jlwy dk ekuuk Fkk fd i`Fkd fuokZpd
lgh gSA eaMy vkRe?kkrh dne gSA D;ksafd mlus vYila[;dksa dks
z xq#Rokd"kZ.k ysaflax lHkh iSekuksa ij gksrh gS& vkdk'kxaxkvksa dk cgqla[;dksa ls vyx dj fn;k FkkA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
xq#Rokd"kZ.k {ks=k vkSj vkdk'kxaxkvksa ds lewg çdk'k dks ysal z 1946 esa] og Hkkjr dh lafoèkku lHkk ds fy;s pquh xb± vkSj
dj ldrs gSa ysfdu ,slk gh NksVs fiaM tSls rkjs vkSj xzg Hkh 28 eqfLye yhx lnL;ksa esa ls ,d Fkha] tks varr% blesa 'kkfey
dj ldrs gSaA gqb±A og foèkkulHkk esa ,dek=k eqfLye efgyk Hkh FkhaA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 11 11
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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43. (d) yanu baVjcSad vkWiQj nj (LIBOR)%

z ;g ,d csapekdZ C;kt nj gS ftl ij çeq• oSf'od cSad
O;k[;k% Hkkjr dk lcls nf{k.kh fcanq ^bafnjk ikWbaV* xzsV fudksckj }hi
vYidkfyd ½.k ds fy;s varjkZ"Vªh; varjcSad ck”kkj esa ,d
ij fLFkr gSA
nwljs dks mèkkj nsrs gSaA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
z bl fcanq dks igys fiXesfy;u ikWbaV vkSj iklZUl ikWbaV ds uke
z ;g fo'o Lrj ij LohÑr çeq• csapekdZ C;kt nj ds :i esa
ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
dk;Z djrk gS tks cSadksa ds chp mèkkj ysus dh ykxr dks bafxr
z 1984 esa bafnjk xkaèkh ds bl fcanq ij tkus ds ckn bldk uke
djrk gSA
cny fn;k x;k FkkA bldk uke vkfèkdkfjd rkSj ij vDrwcj
z iQsMjy fj”koZ vkSj ;w-ds- esa fu;kedksa ds vuqlkj] LIBOR dks
1985 esa cny fn;k x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
30 twu] 2023 rd pj.kc¼ rjhds ls lekIr dj fn;k tk,xk
z ç'kklfud :i ls_ bafnjk ikWbaV y{eh uxj iapk;r ds varxZr
vkSj bls flD;ksMZ vksojukbV iQkbusaflax jsV (SOFR) }kjk
vkrk gSA
çfrLFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
z fnlacj 2004 esa lqukeh ds dkj.k bl LFkku dh HkkSxksfyd
fLFkfr cny xbZA bl lqukeh ls bafnjk ikWbaV dh Åa¡pkbZ 4.25 45. (a)
ehVj de gks xbZA O;k[;k%
z 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj ;gk¡ fliQZ 4 ifjokj jgrs gSaA
jk"Vªh; m|ku fo'ks"krk,¡
bu ifjokjksa dh dqy tula[;k 27 gSa vkSj lk{kjrk nj 85% gSA
baækorh (A-4) z baækorh jk"Vªh; m|ku Hkkjr ds NÙkhlx<+
z leqæ ry ls bafnjk ikWbaV dh Åa¡pkbZ 47 ehVj gSA
jkT; ds chtkiqj f”kys esa fLFkr ,d jk"Vªh;
z xSykfFk;k jkf"Vª; m|ku Hkkjr ds vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi m|ku gSA bldk uke fudV fLFkr dh baækorh
lewg dsaæ'kkflr çns'k esa fLFkr ,d jk"Vªh; m|ku gSA unh ds uke ij iM+k gSA
44. (c) z bls 1981 esa ,d jk"Vªh; m|ku dk ntkZ

O;k[;k% eqacbZ baVjcSad vkWiQj jsV (MIBOR)% çnku fd;k x;k vkSj 1983 esa ^çkstsDV
z eqacbZ baVjcSad vkWiQj jsV Hkkjr dh varj&cSad nj gS] tks ,d Vkbxj* ds rgr ,d ck?k vHk;kj.; cuk
cSad }kjk nwljs cSad dks vYidkfyd ½.k ij fn;s x, C;kt fn;k x;kA ;g Hkkjr ds lcls çfl¼ ck?k
dh nj gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA vHk;kj.;ksa esa ls ,d gSA
z Hkkjr ds foÙkh; ck”kkjksa dk fodkl tkjh gS vr% Hkkjr us eglwl z ;g nqyZHk taxyh HkSalksa dh vafre vkcknh esa

fd;k fd mls vius ½.k ck”kkj ds fy;s ,d lanHkZ nj dh dk ?kj gSA ;g mnarh&lhrkuknh ds lkFk
vko';drk gS] ftlds dkj.k MIBOR dk fodkl gqvkA NÙkhlx<+ esa nks izkstsDV Vkbxj LFkyksa esa ls
z MIBOR dk mi;ksx Hkkjr ds dsaæh; cSad }kjk vYidkfyd
,d gSA
ekSfæd uhfr fuèkkZfjr djus ds fy;s eqacbZ varj&cSad cksyh z baækorh unh iwoZ ls if'pe dh vksj cgrh

(BID) vkSj vkxs dh njksa (MIBID vkSj MIFOR) ds la;kstu gS vkSj ;g fj”koZ egkjk"Vª jkT; ds lkFk
ls fd;k tkrk gSA mÙkjh lhek cukrh gSA
z MIBID eqacbZ varj&cSad cksyh nj gSA ;g ,d csapekdZ C;kt eksyse (B-3) z eksyse us'kuy ikdZ xksok dh jktèkkuh i.kth
nj gS ftldh x.kuk Hkkjr esa vU; cSd a ksa }kjk cM+s cSd
a tekvksa ls 60 fdeh nf{k.k iwoZ esa eksyse 'kgj ds
ds fy;s nh tkus okyh njksa ds Hkkfjr vkSlr ds :i esa dh ikl fLFkr gSA ;g if'peh ?kkV esa 240 oxZ
tkrh gSA fdeh- esa iQSyk gqvk gSA bls igys eksyse
z MIFOR eqacbZ varj&cSad iQkWjoMZ vkWiQj jsV gSA ;g og nj gS •sy vHk;kj.; ds :i esa tkuk tkrk Fkk]
ftls Hkkjrh; cSad iQkWjoMZ&jsV le>kSrksa vkSj MsfjosfVo ij dhersa ftls 1969 esa ,d oU;tho vHk;kj.;
fuèkkZfjr djus ds fy;s csapekdZ ds :i esa mi;ksx djrs gSaA ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj bldk uke
;g LIBOR dk feJ.k gS vkSj Hkkjrh; fons'kh eqæk ck”kkjksa ls cnydj ^Hkxoku egkohj vHk;kj.;* dj
çkIr ,d iQkWjoMZ çhfe;e gSA fn;k x;k FkkA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 12 12
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z 107 oxZ fdeh- esa iQSys vHk;kj.; ds eq[; 47. (d)

{ks=k dks 1978 esa eksyse jk"Vªh; m|ku dk O;k[;k% ukxfjdrk] pquko] vuafre laln ls lacafèkr dqN çkoèkku]
uke fn;k x;k FkkA rc ls jk"Vªh; m|ku dks vLFkk;h o laØe.kdkyhu çkoèkku vkSj vuqPNsn 5, 6, 7, 8,
Hkxoku egkohj vHk;kj.; vkSj eksyes jk"Vªh; 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 vkSj
m|ku dgk tkrk gSA 393 esa fufgr laf{kIr 'kh"kZd 26 uoacj] 1949 dks Lor% gh
z fj”koZ esa dnac jktoa'k ds dbZ eafnj gSaA ykxw gks x,A vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
z eksyse jk"Vªh; ikdZ esa fdax dkscjk] gai&uksTM z lafoèkku ds 'ks"k çkoèkku (eq[; Hkkx) 26 tuojh] 1950 dks
fiV okbij] bafM;u jkWd ikbFkkWu vkSj çHkkoh gq,A bl fnu dks lafoèkku ds ^vkjafHkd fnol* ds :i
ekykckj fiV okbij lfgr lkaiksa dh dbZ esa lanfHkZr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj bls x.kra=k fnol ds :i esa
çtkfr;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA euk;k tkrk gSA
csryk (D-1) z csryk jk"Vªh; m|ku >kj•aM esa fLFkr gSA z çLrqr rkfydk esa mi;ZqDr vuqPNsnksa dk ifjp; gS%
bls igys ,d vHk;kj.; ds :i esa LFkkfir
ys• fooj.k
fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj ckn esa bldh orZeku
fLFkfr esa ifjorZu fd;k x;k FkkA vuqPNsn 5 lafoèkku ds çkjaHk ij ukxfjdrk
z xkSj] phry] gkFkh] ck?k] rsanqvk] taxyh Hkkyw] vuqPNsn 6 ikfdLrku ls Hkkjr dks çoztu djus okys dqN
lkaHkj] uhyxk;] dDdM+ (Kakar)] pwgk O;fDr;ksa ds ukxfjdrk ds vfèkdkj
fgj.k ;gk¡ ds LFkk;h fuoklh gSaA yaxwj ;gk¡ vuqPNsn 7 ikfdLrku dks çoztu djus okys dqN O;fDr;ksa
ij cM+s iQSfeyh ds :i esa ik, tkrs gSaA ds ukxfjdrk ds vfèkdkj
z csryk esa ,d vksj tyçikr vkSj çkÑfrd vuqPNsn 8 Hkkjr ds ckgj jgus okys Hkkjrh; ewy ds dqN
O;fDr;ksa ds ukxfjdrk ds vfèkdkj
xeZ ikuh ds >jus gSa vkSj nwljh vksj 16oha
lnh ds psjks jktoa'k ;k P;ou jktoa'k ds vuqPNsn 60 jk"Vªifr }kjk 'kiFk ;k çfrKku
fdys vkSj ,sfrgkfld Lekjd gSaA vuqPNsn 324 fuokZpuksa ds vèkh{k.k] funs'ku vkSj fu;a=k.k dk
fuokZpu vk;ksx esa fufgr gksuk
dkyslj z dkyslj jk"Vªh; m|ku 'kfDr'kkyh fgeky;
(C-2) vuqPNsn 366 ifjHkk"kk,¡
dh f'kokfyd ioZrekyk dh rygVh esa fLFkr
gSA vuqPNsn 367 fuoZpu@O;k[;k
z ;equk unh mÙkj çns'k ds lkFk iwohZ lhek vuqPNsn 379&391 vc fujflr
cukrh gS] eq[; f'kokfyd fjt mÙkj esa vuqPNsn 392 dfBukb;ksa dks nwj djus dh jk"Vªifr dh 'kfDr
gfj;k.kk] fgekpy çns'k vkSj mÙkjk•aM ds vuqPNsn 393 laf{kIr uke] çkjaHk] fganh Hkk"kk esa çkfèkÑr ikB
chp jkT; dh lhek dks vyx djrh gSA vkSj fujlu
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA 48. (d)
46. (a) O;k[;k% ctV Hkk"k.k esa foÙk ea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k us viMsVsM fjVuZ
O;k[;k% os ijek.kq ftuesa U;wVªkWuksa dh la[;k leku gksrh gSa ysfdu ds ckjs esa crk;kA
çksVkWu dh la[;k fHkUu gksrh gSa] vkblksVksu dgykrs gSaA z vk;dj foHkkx us djnkrkvksa ds ysunsu dh fjiksfV±x ds fy;s

z mnkgj.k ds fy;s] Dyksjhu&37 vkSj iksVsf'k;e&39 vkblksVksu ,d e”kcwr ÚseodZ LFkkfir fd;k gSA bl lanHkZ esa] dqN
gSa] D;ksafd Dyksjhu bl ukfHkd esa 17 çksVkWu vkSj 20 U;wVªkWu djnkrkvksa dks ;g ,glkl gks ldrk gS fd mUgksaus dj Hkqxrku
gksrs gSa] tcfd iksVsf'k;e dh ukfHkd esa 19 çksVkWu vkSj 20 ds fy;s viuh vk; dk lgh vuqeku yxkus esa pwd ;k xyfr;k¡
U;wVªkWu gksrs gSaA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA dh gSaA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 13 13
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z ,slh =kqfV;ksa dks Bhd djus dk volj çnku djus ds fy;s] ia- çse dqekj efyd] ia- jkek'kh"k ikBd] lq•nso prqoZsnh]
,d u;k çkoèkku djnkrkvksa dks vfrfjDr dj ds Hkqxrku ij iQS;kt olhiQqíhu Mkxj] ia- dkfrZd dqekj vkSj mLrkn ft;k
,d viMsVsM fjVuZ nkf•y djus dh vuqefr nsrk gSA ;g iQjhnqíhu Mkxj vkfn 'kkfey gSaA okjk.klh esa èkzqin esyk u
viMsVsM fjVuZ çklafxd fuèkkZj.k o"kZ dh lekfIr ls nks o"kks± ds dsoy ns'kh i;ZVdksa dks cfYd varjkZ"Vªh; i;ZVdksa dks Hkh
Hkhrj nkf•y dh tk ldrh gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA vkdf"kZr djrk gSA
49. (d)
z yksdfç; èkzqin laxhr dks iquthZfor djus ds fy;s 1974 esa
èkzqin esys dks iquthZfor fd;k x;k FkkA Hkkojk çHkk iÁ laLFkku
O;k[;k% ^mRifjorZu dk fl¼kar* (Theory of Mutation) Mp ouLifr us 1975 esa vf•y Hkkjrh; èkzqin esyk lfefr dk xBu fd;kA
'kkL=kh áwxks Mh fozt (Hugo de Vries) }kjk o"kZ 1901 esa okjk.klh esa èkzqin esys ds igys pj.k dk vk;kstu ladV ekspu
çdkf'kr mudh iqLrd ^n E;wVs'ku F;ksjh* esa çfrikfnr fd;k eafnj ds egar ohjHkæ feJk us dsaæh; laxhr ukVÔ vdkneh ubZ
x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA fnYyh ls nku dh enn ls fd;k FkkA ckn esa] bl R;ksgkj dks
z muds vuqlkj ubZ çtkfr;k¡ fujarj ifjorZu ls ugha cfYd ifjorZu dk'kh ds jktk foHkwfrukjk;.k flag dh laLFkkxr lgk;rk feyrh
ds vpkud çdV gksus ls mRiUu gksrh gSa] ftls mUgksaus jghA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
^mRifjorZu* (Mutation) dgkA z èkzqin esyk f'kojkf=k ls rhu fnu igys 'kq: gksrk gSA i;ZVu
z mRifjorZu ds fl¼kar dh eq[; ckrsa% foHkkx ds fu;ekoyh esa bl dk;ZØe dkmYys• gSA okjk.klh
 mRifjorZu ;k vlarr ifjorZu fodkl] mRifÙk (Evolution) ds èkzqin esys dks yksd xhrksa vkSj laxhr ok|;a=kksa tSls lqjcgkj
ds miknku gSaA vkSj i•okt dks iquthZfor djus dk Js; fn;k tkrk gS tks
 mRifjorZu vpkud çdV gksrs gSaA os rqjar gh dk;kZfUor foLe`fr esa yqIr gks x, FksA
gks tkrs gSaA 51. (b)
 MkfoZu ds fujarj ifjorZu ;k vfLFkjrk ds fl¼kar ds
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k fganh laLFkku dh LFkkiuk 30 fnlacj] 1976 dks
foijhr] mRifjorZu dk fl¼kar çtkfr;ksa ds vkSlr ;k fganh Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds lok±xh.k çpkj&çlkj ds fy;s dh
lkekU; fo'ks"krkvksa ds lanHkZ esa O;k[;k ugha djrs gSaA xbZ Fkh] ftlesa rRdkyhu fganh lfefr] mÙkj çns'k xzaFk vdkneh
 ,d gh çdkj dk mRifjorZu ,d çtkfr ds dbZ thoksa esa vkSj ljdkj dh dqN vU; ;kstukvksa dks ,dhÑr fd;k x;k
çdV gks ldrk gSA FkkA
 lHkh mRifjorZu oa'kkuqØfed gksrs gSA z Hkkjrh; laLÑfr ds vè;;u vkSj çkphu Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds

 mRifjorZu lHkh cksèkxE; fn'kkvksa esa mRiUu gksrs gSaA laj{k.k dh fn'kk esa ,d ubZ igy dh xbZ gS] 31 fnlacj] 1976
 çÑfr }kjk mi;ksxh mRifjorZu pqus tkrs gSaA ?kkrd
dks laLÑr] ikyh vkSj çkÑr ds laj{k.k] çpkj vkSj fodkl ds
mRifjorZu lekIr gks tkrs gSaA fy;s ljdkj ds vkns'k ds ekè;e ls mÙkj çns'k laLÑr laLFkku
dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA bl laLFkku dk iqjkuk uke mÙkj çns'k
 gkyk¡fd vuqi;ksxh vkSj de gkfudkjd mRifjorZu larfr;ksa
laLÑr vdkneh FkkA orZeku esa] bll laLFkku dk dk;kZy;
esa cuh Hkh jg ldrh gSaA
jk; fcgkjh yky ekxZ ij fxfjèkj Hkou] U;w gSnjkckn] y•uÅ
 ifjorZuksa ds laxzg.k ls ubZ çtkfr;k¡ mRiUu gksrh gSaA
esa fLFkr gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
dHkh&dHkh ,dy mRifjorZu ls ,d ubZ çtkfr mRiUu
z mÙkj çns'k mnZw vdkneh dh LFkkiuk mÙkj çns'k ljdkj }kjk
gksrh gSA
tuojh 1972 esa mnZw Hkk"kk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s dh xbZ FkhA
50. (c) vdkneh dh LFkkiuk mnZw Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds fodkl vkSj
O;k[;k% okjk.klh esa vk;ksftr okf"kZd èkzqin egksRlo] èkzqin xk;dksa lao¼Zu ds fy;s dh xbZ FkhA
vkSj dykdkjksa dks viuh vuwBh çfrHkk fn•kus ds fy;s ,d z y•uÅ esa jk"Vªh; dFkd laLFkku dh LFkkiuk o"kZ 1988&89
egÙoiw.kZ vkSj fujarj eap çnku djrh gSA laxhr dh bl 'kSyh esa laLÑfr foHkkx ds rgr ,d Lok;Ùk laLFkku ds :i esa dh
ds dqN egku mUuk;dksa esa ls dqN us ;gk¡ çn'kZu fd;k] ftlesa xbZ FkhA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 14 14
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52. (b) 55. (a)

O;k[;k% 1946 esa] eqgEen vyh ftUukg us 16 vxLr dks ^çR;{k O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k us igyh ckj vius lajf{kr {ks=kksa esa Ånfcyko
dk;Zokgh fnol* ds :i esa ?kksf"kr fd;k vkSj iwjs ns'k ds dh x.kuk dhA ;g x.kuk usiky ds nf{k.k esa fgeky; dh
eqlyekuksa ls ^lHkh dkeksa dks fuyafcr* djus dk vkàku fd;kA rygVh esa fLFkr ihyhHkhr Vkbxj fj”koZ esa 'kq: gqbZA
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA z Lruik;h Ånfcyko ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ fgLlk

z ;g fczfV'k ljdkj ij eqfLye yhx (ftUukg ds usr`Ro esa) dh gSA bldh le`¼ vkcknh dk vFkZ ,d LoLFk ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k
èkeZ ds vkèkkj ij ns'k dks foHkkftr djus dh ekax dks ekuus ls gSA
ds fy;s ncko Mkyus ds fy;s fd;k x;k Fkk] ftlls eqfLye z ,d Ånfcyko viuk vfèkdka'k le; ty esa ;k mlds fudV

cgqy ikfdLrku dk fuekZ.k gqvkA O;rhr djrk gSA Hkkjr nqfu;k Hkj esa ik, tkus okys Ånfcyko
dh 13 çtkfr;ksa esa ls 3 dk ?kj gSA ;s gSa& ;wjsf'k;u Ånfcyko
z blus fczfV'k Hkkjr ds caxky çkar ds dydÙkk 'kgj esa eqlyekuksa
(Lutralutra)_ LewFk&dksVsM Ånfcyko (Aonyxcinereus)vkSj
vkSj fganqvksa ds chp cM+s iSekus ij fgalk dks c<+kok fn;kA
NksVs iats okyk Ånfcyko (Aonyxcinereus)A
z bl fnu dks (The Weak of the Long knives) ds uke ls Hkh
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
tkuk tkrk gSA
56. (a)
53. (c)
O;k[;k% 2019 esa] dsjy yanu LVkWd ,Dlpsat ij 2,150 djksM+ #i,
O;k[;k% Hkkjr vius iM+kslh ns'kksa esa ls ckaXykns'k ds lkFk cM+h ds elkyk ck.M tkjh djus okyk igyk Hkkjrh; jkT; cukA
varjkZ"Vªh; lhek js[kk lk>k djrk gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA jkT; ds LokfeRo okys dsjy baÚkLVªDpj bUosLVesaV iQaM cksMZ
54. (b) (KIIFB) us fons'kh ck”kkj esa èku tqVkus ds fy;s ;s ck.M tkjh
fd;s FksA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj oSfnd pj.k%
z elkyk ck.M #i, esa ewY;oxZ ds ck.M gSa] ;kfu Hkkjrh; #i,
z yxHkx 1000 bZ-iw- yksgs dk mi;ksx iwohZ iatkc] if'peh mÙkj
esa fons'kh ck”kkj ls èku tqVk;k tk,xkA
çns'k] eè; çns'k vkSj jktLFkku esa gksus yxkA yksgs ds gfFk;kjksa
z vkj-ch-vkbZ- ds vuqlkj
ds lkFk] oSfnddkyhu yksxksa us nksvkc ds Åijh fgLls esa mu
 dksbZ Hkh dkWjiksjsV vkSj Hkkjrh; cSad fons'kksa esa #i, esa
dqN fojksfèk;ksa dks gjk;k gksxk] ftUgksaus mudk lkeuk fd;k
ewY;oxZ ds ck.M tkjh djus ds fy;s ik=k gSaA
gksxkA mÙkj oSfnd xzaFkksa esa èkkrq dks gh ';ke ;k Ñ".k v;l
 bl rjg ds ck.M ds ekè;e ls tqVkbZ xbZ èkujkf'k dk
dgk tkrk gSA
mi;ks x ,dhÑr Vkmuf'ki ;k fdiQk;rh vkokl
z oSfnddkyhu yksxksa us tkS dk mRiknu tkjh j•k] ysfdu bl
ifj;kstukvksa ds fodkl ds vykok vU; vpy laifÙk
vofèk ds nkSjku pkoy vkSj xsgw¡ mudh eq[; iQly cu x,A xfrfofèk;ksa ds fy;s ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
igyh ckj oSfnddkyhu yksx nksvkc esa pkoy ls ifjfpr gq,A  bldk mi;ksx iwath ck”kkj esa fuos'k] Hkwfe dh •jhn vkSj
bls oSfnd xzaFkksa esa ozhfg dgk x;k gSA vr% fodYi (b) vU; laLFkkvksa dks mèkkj nsus ds fy;s Hkh ugha fd;k tk
lgh gSA ldrk gSA
z cfy çFkk dgha vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gks xbZ vkSj mls lkoZtfud  #i;k&ewY;oxZ ds ckW.M dsoy ,d ns'k esa tkjh fd;s tk
vkSj ?kjsyw nksuksa Lrj ij LohÑfr fey xbZ FkhA lkoZtfud cfy ldrs gSa vkSj ,sls ns'k ds fuoklh }kjk bldh •jhn dh
esa jktk vkSj iwjk leqnk; 'kkfey FkkA cfynku esa cM+s iSekus tk ldrh gS tks ns'k ^foÙkh; dkjZokbZ dk;Z cy* (FATF)
ij tkuojksa dh gR;k dh tkrh FkhA eosf'k;ksa dk ek¡l •kus dk lnL; gS vkSj ftldk çfrHkwfr ck”kkj ^fu;ked çfrHkwfr
ds :i esa fn;s tkus okys vfrfFk dks xks?kuk ds :i esa tkuk vk;ksx* ds varjkZ"Vªh; laxBu dk lnL; gSA
tkrk FkkA z tcfd ,sls ns'kksa ds fuoklh ckW.M •jhnrs gSa] os cgqi{kh; vkSj
z bl vofèk ds nkSjku djksa dk laxzg vke gks x;kA ;s laHkor% {ks=kh; foÙkh; laLFkkuksa }kjk Hkh lnL;rk ys ldrs gSa tgk¡ Hkkjr
^laxzfg=kh* uked vfèkdkjh ds ikl tek gksrs FksA ,d lnL; ns'k gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 15 15
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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57. (c) z mUgksaus 'kq¼}Sr ('kq¼ v}Srokn) dk çfriknu fd;kA

z mUgksaus #æ laçnk; dh LFkkiuk dhA
O;k[;k%
z lwjnkl oYyHkkpk;Z ds f'k"; Fks rFkk mUgksaus mÙkj Hkkjr esa Ñ".k
vuqlwph lacafèkr fo"k; iaFk dks yksdfç; cuk;kA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
igyh jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ds uke vkSj muds
59. (d)
{ks=kkfèkdkjA
nwljh jk"Vªifr] jkT;ikyksa] vè;{kksa] mikè;{kksa vkfn dh O;k[;k% twuksfll ,sls laØked jksx gSa tks i'kq ls euq";ksa esa iQSyrs gSaA
ifjyfCèk;ksa] HkÙkksa] fo'ks"kkfèkdkjksa ls lacafèkr çkoèkkuA z twuksfVd jksxtud thok.kq@cSDVhfj;k] fo"kk.kq@ok;jl ;k ijthoh
rhljh dsaæh; eaf=k;ksa] laln lnL;ksa] U;k;kèkh'kksa] jkT; eaf=k;ksa (Parasite) gks ldrs gSa] vFkok blesa vijaijkxr ,tsaV layXu
vkfn ds 'kiFk ;k çfrKku ds çk:iA gks ldrs gSa vkSj ;s çR;{k laidZ ;k Hkkstu] ty ;k i;kZoj.k
pkSFkh jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ds fy;s jkT;lHkk esa lhVksa ds ekè;e ls euq";ksa esa iQSy ldrs gSaA
dk vkoaVuA z twuksfll ;k twuksfVd jksx esa lHkh u, igpkus x, laØked
ik¡poha vuqlwfpr vkSj tutkfr;ksa {ks=kksa ds ç'kklu vkSj fu;a=k.k jksxksa ds lkFk&lkFk dbZ ekStwnk laØked jksxksa dk ,d cM+k
ls lacafèkr çkoèkkuA çfr'kr 'kkfey gSA dqN jksx] tSls fd ,p-vkbZ-oh-] twuksfll
NBh vle] es?kky;] f=kiqjk vkSj fetksje jkT;ksa ds tutkrh; ds :i esa 'kq: gksrs gSa ysfdu ckn esa dsoy ekuo esa ik, tkus
{ks=kksa ds ç'kklu ls lacafèkr çkoèkkuA okys fu"ihMu esa mRifjofrZr gksrs gSaA dqN twuksfll ckj&ckj
lkroha lwph I (la?k lwph)] lwph II (jkT; lwph) vkSj lwph gksus okyh chekjh ds çdksi dk dkj.k cu ldrs gSa] tSls fd
III (leorhZ lwph) ds lanHkZ esa la?k vkSj jkT;ksa ds chp
bcksyk ok;jl jksx vkSj lkYeksusyksfll (Salmonellosis)A
'kfDr;ksa dk foHkktuA
z dqN vU;] tSls COVID&19 dk dkj.k cuus okyk uksosy
vkBoha lafoèkku }kjk ekU;rk çkIr Hkk"kk,¡A ewy :i ls buesa 14
dksjksuok;jl] oSf'od egkekjh dk dkj.k cuus dh {kerk j•rs
Hkk"kk,¡ 'kkfey Fkha_ orZeku esa 22 Hkk"kk,¡A
gSaA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
uoha Hkwfe lqèkkjksa vkSj tehankjh ç.kkyh ds mUewyu ls lacafèkr
jkT; foèkkueaMyksa vkSj vU; ekeyksa ls lacafèkr laln 60. (c)
ds vfèkfu;e vkSj fofu;euA O;k[;k% èkqjax ;k èkqfjax x<+oky {ks=k dk ,d çeq• yksd u`R; gS]
nloha nycny ds vkèkkj ij laln vkSj jkT; foèkkueaMyksa ds ftlesa mÙkj çns'k] mÙkjk•aM] fgekpy çns'k vkSj iM+kslh vapy
lnL;ksa dh fujgZrk ls lacafèkr çkoèkkuA ds fgeky;h {ks=k 'kkfey gSaA
X;kjgoha iapk;r dh 'kfDr;k¡] çkfèkdkj vkSj mÙkjnkf;RoA z ;g vkerkSj ij Mkse vkSj HkksfV;k tutkfr vkSj mudh e`R;q
ckjgoha uxjikfydkvksa dh 'kfDr;k¡] çkfèkdkj vkSj mÙkjnkf;RoA lekjksg ls lacafèkr gSA èkqjax urZd ryokjsa idM+rs gSa vkSj ,d
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA ?ksjs esa pyrs gSaA ;g cdfj;ksa ;k vU; tkuojksa ds 'kjhj esa jgus
58. (a) okys e`r yksxksa dh vkRekvksa dks eqDr djus ds fy;s gSA èkqjax
u`R; fgekpy çns'k ds pjokgksa vkSj mÙkj&iwoZ Hkkjr esa ukxkvksa
O;k[;k% rsjgoha 'krkCnh esa dUuM+ {ks=k ds ekèko us thokRek vkSj
ds f'kdkj u`R;ksa ds leku gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
ijekRek ds }Sr ;k }Srokn dk çpkj fd;kA muds n'kZu ds
vuqlkj lalkj ,d Hkze ugha cfYd ,d okLrfodrk gSA bZ'oj] 61. (c)
vkRek vkSj inkFkZ vf}rh; gSaA O;k[;k% gky gh esa] mÙkj çns'k ljdkj us v;ksè;k esa mÙkj çns'k
z fuEckdZ vkSj oYyHkkpk;Z Hkh rsyaxkuk {ks=k esa oS".ko HkfDr ds fo'ks"k lqj{kk cy (;w-ih-,l-,l-,iQ-) dh NBh cVkfy;u
vU; çpkjd FksA LFkkfir djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA
oYyHkkpk;Z% z ;w-ih-,l-,l-,iQ- dk xBu jkT; ds U;k;ky;ksa] çeq• èkkfeZd
z mudk tUe 15oha 'krkCnh esa cukjl esa gqvk Fkk vkSj os Ñ".knso LFkyksa vkSj çfr"Bkuksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s flracj 2020 esa fd;k
jk; ds njckj esa jgrs FksA x;k FkkA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 16 16
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z ifj.kkeLo:i twu 2021 esa ;w-ih-,l-,l-,iQ- dh ik¡p cVkfy;u z ;g ekax vkSj vkiwfrZ iSVuZ ds ckjs esa jh;y&Vkbe MsVk fo'ys"k.k
dk xBu fd;k x;k] ftlesa y•uÅ] xksj•iqj] ç;kxjkt] eFkqjk çnku djsxk ftlesa m|ksx dh vko';drk,¡] dkS'ky varj
vkSj lgkjuiqj dh cVkfy;u 'kkfey gSaA ;w-ih-,l-,l-,iQ- dh fo'ys"k.k] çfr f”kyk@jkT;@DyLVj ekax] çeq• dk;Zcy
igyh cVkfy;u y•uÅ esa esVªks dh lqj{kk esa rSukr gSA vkiwfrZdÙkkZ] çeq• miHkksDrk] ekbxzs'ku iSVuZ vkSj mEehnokjksa ds
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA fy;s dbZ laHkkfor dfj;j laHkkouk,¡ 'kkfey gSaA
62. (b) z ;g uhfr fuekZrkvksa dks vFkZO;oLFkk ds fofHkUu {ks=kksa ds ckjs
O;k[;k% 1857 ds foæksg ds nkSjku] dbZ LFkkuh; usrk mHkjs] mUgksaus esa vfèkd oLrqfu"B n`f"Vdks.k viukus esa l{ke cuk,xkA
fdlkuksa] tehankjksa vkSj vkfnokfl;ksa ls foæksg djus dk vkxzg dk;Zi¼fr%
fd;kA 'kkg ey us if'peh mÙkj çns'k ds cM+kSr ijxuk ds ;g ,d ,fIyds'ku (,si) ds :i esa Hkh miyCèk gS] blesa
xzkeh.kksa dks ykecan fd;kA LFkkuh; :i ls jktk ds :i esa rhu vkbZ-Vh-&vkèkkfjr baVjiQsl 'kkfey gSa%
igpkus tkus okys 'kkg ey us ,d vaxzs”kh vfèkdkjh ds caxys I. fu;ksDrk iksVZy% fu;ksDrk vkWucksfM±x] ekax ,d=khdj.k]
dks vius dCts esa ys fy;k] vkSj bls ¶gkWy vkWiQ tfLVl mEehnokj p;uA
(U;k; ds dejs)¸ esa cny fn;kA ogk¡ fooknksa dk fuiVkjk
II. MS'kcksMZ% fjiksVZ] #>ku] fo'ys"k.k vkSj gkbykbV xSiA
fd;k vkSj fu.kZ; lquk;kA mUgksaus •qfiQ;k tkudkjh dk ,d
III. mEehnokj vkosnu% mEehnokj çksiQkby cukuk vkSj VªSd
vk'p;Ztud :i ls çHkkoh usVodZ Hkh LFkkfir fd;kA ,d
le; ds fy;s {ks=k ds yksxksa dks yxk fd fiQjaxh jkt •Re gks djuk] ukSdjh ds lq>ko lk>k djukA
x;k gS vkSj mudk jkt vk x;k gSA 'kkg ey tqykbZ 1857 esa jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl fuxe (,u-,l-Mh-lh-)%
;q¼ esa ekjk x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA z ,u-,l-Mh-lh- daiuh vfèkfu;e] 1956 dh èkkjk 25 (daiuh
z ekSyoh vgenqYyk 'kkg mu dbZ ekSyfo;ksa esa ls ,d Fks ftUgksaus vfèkfu;e] 2013 dh èkkjk 8 ds vuq:i) ds rgr 2008 esa
1857 ds foæksg esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ FkhA mUgksaus fpugV fuxfer ,d xSj&ykHkdkjh ifCyd fyfeVsM daiuh gSA
dk çfl¼ ;q¼ yM+k ftlesa gsujh ykWjsal ds usr`Ro okyh fczfV'k z bls foÙk ea=kky; }kjk ,d lkoZtfud futh Hkkxhnkjh (ih-ih-
lsuk gkj xbZ FkhA og vius lkgl vkSj 'kfDr ds fy;s tkus ih-) ekWMy ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
tkus yxsA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA z bldk mís'; cM+]s xq.koÙkkiw.kZ vkSj ykHkdkjh O;kolkf;d laLFkkuksa
63. (b) ds fuekZ.k dks mRçsfjr djds dkS'ky fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk gSA
O;k[;k% fgeky; ls fudyus okyh ufn;k¡ ckjgeklh gSa D;ksafd mudk z fLdy bafM;k iksVZy ,u-,l-Mh-lh- dh ,d igy gSA
lzksr fgeky; ds Xysf'k;jksa esa fLFkr gSA 65. (a)
z fgeky; dks vfèkdka'k o"kkZ nf{k.k&if'peh ekulwu ls çkIr
gksrh gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA O;k[;k% fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w-,p-vks-) ds vuqlkj] dkcZu
infpÉ thok'e b±èku ds tyus ls mRiUu dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM
64. (b)
(CO2) dh ek=kk ij yksxksa dh xfrfofèk;ksa ds çHkko dk ,d
O;k[;k% vFkZO;oLFkk dks vkSipkfjd :i nsus vkSj lHkh ds fy;s ifjek.k gS vkSj bls Vu esa mRikfnr CO2 mRltZu ds Hkkj ds
m|e'khyrk ds voljksa dks c<+kus ds fy;s foÙk ea=kh us vius :i esa O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
ctV Hkk"k.k esa vkRefuHkZj dq'ky deZpkjh fu;ksDrk ekufp=k.k z ;g fdlh O;fDr] ifjokj] ?kVuk] laxBu ;k ;gk¡ rd fd iwjs
(vlhe) iksVZy dk mYys• fd;k FkkA jk"Vª ds dk;ks± ij ykxw gks ldrk gSA
vlhe iksVZy% 66. (c)
z dkS'ky fodkl vkSj m|ferk ea=kky; (MSDE) us dq'ky yksxksa
dks LFkk;h vkthfodk ds volj •kstus esa enn djus ds fy;s O;k[;k% xzhd ys•dksa us fldanj egku ds ledkyhu lSaMªksdksVl dk
ASEEM iksVZy ykWUp fd;k gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA mYys• fd;k gS ftUgksaus 326 bZlk iwoZ esa Hkkjr ij vkØe.k
z iksVZy dk fodkl vkSj çcaèku jk"Vªh; dkS'ky fodkl fuxe fd;k FkkA jktdqekj lSaMªksdksVl dh igpku paæxqIr ekS;Z ls
(NSDC) }kjk csaxyq# fLFkr daiuh ^csVjIysl* ds lg;ksx ls lkFk dh tkrh gS] ftldk jkT;kfHk"ksd 322 bZlk iwoZ esa gqvk
fd;k x;k gSA FkkA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 17 17
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z xzhd lzksr paæxqIr vkSj fldanj ds chp eqykdkr dh Hkh ppkZ z egkjk"Vª ds ,d vU; HkfDr lar rqdkjke Fks tks f'kokth ds
djrs gSaA ledkyhu FksA bUgksus ejkBk jk"Vªokn dh i`"BHkwfe fufeZr dh rFkk
z mUgksaus vius xq# pk.kD;@dkSfVY; dh lgk;rk ls ekS;Z oa'k dh lHkh lkekftd Hksnksa dk fojksèk fd;kA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
LFkkiuk dhA 69. (a)
z og ekS;Z lkezkT; ds eq[; fuekZrk Fks vkSj mUgksaus ,d fo'kky O;k[;k% fuEufyf•r rkfydk esa fo'o dh dqN çeq• ?kklHkwfe;ksa
lkezkT; dk fuekZ.k fd;k] ftlesa fcgkj] usiky] if'peh vkSj rFkk muls lacafèkr ns'k@{ks=k dk mYys• fd;k x;k gSA
mÙkj&if'peh Hkkjr vkSj nDdu 'kkfey FksA
?kklHkwfe dk uke ns'k@{ks=k
z tSu xzaFkksa vkSj ijaijk ds vuqlkj] paæxqIr us tSu èkeZ viuk;k
vkSj Hkæckgq ds lkFk Jo.k csyxksyk (eSljw ds ikl) dh igkfM+;ksa Mkmal vkWLVªsfy;k
esa pys x, vkSj lYys•uk (miokl) ds }kjk çk.k R;kx fn;sA ykuksl osuqtq,yk (nf{k.k vesfjdk)
67. (d)
iEikl nf{k.k vesfjdk (vtZsUVhuk vkSj m#Xos)
çs;jht mÙkjh vesfjdk
O;k[;k% ^laçHkq* (Sovereign) 'kCn dk vFkZ gS fd Hkkjr dh u rks iqLrkt gaxjh
fdlh vU; jk"Vª ij fuHkZjrk gS] u gh çHkqRo] cfYd ;g ,d
lokuk vÚhdk vkSj vkWLVªsfy;k
Lora=k jkT; gSA
lsYokl nf{k.k vesfjdk
z blds Åij vkSj dksbZ çkfèkdkj ;k 'kfDr ugha gS vkSj ;g vius
Lo;a ds ekeyksa (vkarfjd vkSj cká) dk lapkyu djus ds LVsiht ;wjksi vkSj mÙkjh@,f'k;k
fy;s Lora=k gSA osYM nf{k.k vÚhdk
z ;|fi o"kZ 1949 esa Hkkjr us jk"VªeaMy dh viuh iw.kZ lnL;rk VSxk ;wjksi vkSj ,f'k;k
dks tkjh j•us dh ?kks"k.kk dh vkSj fczfV'k Økmu dks jk"VªeaMy vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
ds çeq• ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k] lafoèkku ls ckgj dh ;g 70. (b)
?kks"k.kk fdlh Hkh rjg ls Hkkjr dh laçHkqrk dks çHkkfor ugha
djrh gSA O;k[;k% y•uÅ] okjk.klh] dq'khuxj vkSj tsoj ds ckn v;ksè;k
gokbZ vM~Mk jkT; dk ik¡poka varjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ vM~Mk gksxkA
z blh çdkj] la;qDr jk"Vª la?k (UNO) esa Hkkjr dh lnL;rk
z v;ksè;k gokbZ vM~Ms dks vkfèkdkfjd rkSj ij o"kZ 2021 esa
fdlh Hkh rjg ls mldh laçHkqrk dks lhfer ugha djrh gSA
e;kZnk iq#"kksÙke Jhjke varjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ vM~Ms ds :i esa ukfer
z ,d laçHkq jkT; ds :i esa Hkkjr fdlh fons'kh {ks=k dk vfèkxzg.k
fd;k x;k gSA
dj ldrk gS ;k fdlh fons'kh jkT; ds i{k esa vius {ks=k dk
z gky gh esa] mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh ;ksxh vkfnR;ukFk dh
,d fgLlk ns ldrk gSA
mifLFkfr esa] jkT; ljdkj vkSj Hkkjrh; foekuiÙku çkfèkdj.k
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA ds chp Hkwfe iV~Vk le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;s x;s FksA
68. (d) vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% egkjk"Vª ds HkfDr lar% 71. (a)
z Kkunso 13oha 'krkCnh esa egkjk"Vª esa HkfDr vkanksyu ds laLFkkid
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k esa ^vkWijs'ku dk;kdYi* ds rgr 1.34 yk•
FksA bls egkjk"Vª èkeZ dgk x;kA mUgksaus Kkus'ojh uked Hkxor çkFkfed fo|ky;ksa esa is;ty lqfoèkk] iQuhZpj] 'kkSpky; fuekZ.k]
xhrk ij ,d Hkk"; fy•kA LekVZ Dykl vkSj eè;kÉ Hkkstu dh xq.koÙkk esa lqèkkj ds çkoèkku
z ukenso us çse ds lqlekpkj dk çpkj fd;kA mUgksaus ewfrZ iwtk ds lkFk Ldwyksa dks u;k :i fn;k x;k gSA
vkSj iqjksfgrksa ds opZLo dk fojksèk fd;kA mUgksaus tkfr O;oLFkk z mÙkj çns'k ljdkj dh ,d vR;fèkd egRokdka{kh ifj;kstuk
dk Hkh fojksèk fd;kA ^vkWijs'ku fo|ky; dk;kdYi*] çkFkfed fo|ky;ksa dks u;k
z lksygoha 'krkCnh esa ,dukFk us tkfr Hksn dk fojksèk fd;k vkSj :i nsus ds mís'; ls o"kZ 2018 esa eq[;ea=kh ;ksxh vkfnR;ukFk
mUgsa fupyh tkfr;ksa ds çfr lgkuqHkwfr FkhA mUgksaus dbZ xhrksa }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA
dh jpuk dh vkSj muds Hktu vkSj dhrZu çfl¼ gq,A vr% dFku 1 lgh gS tcfd dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA

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72. (c) z foYg.k ds foØekadnsopfjr esa muds laj{kd] foØekfnR; VI

(1076-1127) dY;k.kh ds pkyqD; jktk dh miyfCèk;ksa dk
O;k[;k% ;|fi f•ykiQr vkSj vlg;ksx vkanksyu vyx&vyx eqíksa
o.kZu gSA
ij mHkjs] mUgksaus vfgald vlg;ksx dh dkjZokbZ dk ,d lkekU;
z ewf"kd oa'k dh jpuk vrqy us X;kjgoha 'krkCnh esa dh FkhA ;g
jkLrk viuk;kA
mÙkjh dsjy esa 'kklu djus okys ewf"kd oa'k dk fooj.k nsrk gSA
z ckn esa 5 iQjojh] 1922 dh pkSjh&pkSjk ?kVuk ds dkj.k xkaèkh
z çkphure ,sfrgkfld ys•u dk lcls vPNk mnkgj.k ckjgoha
th }kjk vlg;ksx vkanksyu (,u-lh-,e-) dks fuyafcr dj fn;k
'krkCnh esa dYg.k }kjk fyf•r jktrjafx.kh ;k ^jktkvksa dh
x;k Fkk vkSj lkFk gh vkanksyu dk dsaæh; fo"k;] f•ykiQr dk
èkkjk* gSA ;g d'ehj ds jktkvksa dh vkRedFkkvksa dh ,d
ç'u Hkh tYn gh lekIr gks x;k FkkA
Ük`a•yk gS vkSj bls igyh Ñfr ekuk tk ldrk gS ftlesa vkèkqfud
z ,u-lh-,e-] 1 vxLr] 1920 dks 'kq: gqvk vkSj 5 iQjojh]
bfrgkl ds ekudksa ds vuq:i dbZ y{k.k fo|eku gSaA
1922 dks lekIr gqvkA
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
z pkSjh&pkSjk dkaM ds ckn] xkaèkh th us 12 iQjojh] 1922 dks
75. (b)
dk¡xsl dk;Zlfefr dh cSBd cqykbZ vkSj ,d çLrko ikfjr
fd;k] ftls ckjnksyh çLrko ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA blesa O;k[;k% xzhugkml xSlsa os xSlsa gSa tks okrkoj.k esa rkieku dks vo'kksf"kr
mUgksaus vkanksyu dks okil ysus dh ?kks"k.kk dhA vr% dFku 2 dj xzg ds rki dks c<+k ldrh gSaA os ,d dacy tSlk çHkko
lgh gSA iSnk djrh gSa vkSj ykWUx oso bUÚk&jsM fofdj.kksa dks jksdrh gSaA
z Hkkjh la[;k esa eqfLye Hkkxhnkjh vkSj lkaçnkf;d ln~Hkko ,u-lh- z xzhugkml çHkko ds fy;s f”kEesnkj eq[; xSlksa esa dkcZu
,e- dh cM+h miyfCèk;k¡ FkhaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA MkbvkWDlkbM] ehFksu] ukbVªl vkWDlkbM vkSj ty ok"i (tks
lHkh çkÑfrd :i ls gksrs gS)a rFkk ÝyksfjusVMs xSlas (tks flaFksfVd
73. (a)
gSa) 'kkfey gSaA
O;k[;k% dsjy esa fLFkr vukbZeqnh dh pksVh if'peh ?kkV dh lcls
Xykscy
Å¡ph pksVh gS] lkFk gh fgeky; ds brj Hkkjr esa lcls Å¡ph ok;qeM a yh;
xzhugkml xSl okfe±x dh çkFkfed orZeku
pksVh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA (GHG) thoudky lzksr
(Years) {kerk
z ;g dsjy ds ,jkfodqye jk"Vªh; m|ku esa fLFkr gSA (GWP)
z if'peh ?kkV jsat ( Ük`a•yk) rkIrh unh ds nf{k.k ds ikl ls dkcZu 50-200 1 thok'e b±èku] Hkwfe
'kq: gksrh gS vkSj egkjk"Vª] dukZVd] xksok] dsjy vkSj rfeyukMq MkbvkWDlkbM mi;ksx] lhesaV
jkT;ksa ls gksdj yxHkx 1,600 fdeh- (990 ehy) rd pyrh (CO2)
gS vkSj Hkkjr ds nf{k.kh fljs ds ikl ek#UFkqokt eykbZ esa lekIr ehFksu (CH4) 12-3 21 thok'e b±èku dk
gksrh gSA mi;ksx] Ñf"k
z ;g {ks=k nqfu;k ds nl ¶gkWVsLV tSo&fofoèkrk gkWVLikWV¸ esa ls ukbVªl 120 310 vfèkdrj Ñf"k] ~
,d gSA blesa iQwyksa ds ikSèkksa dh 7,402 çtkfr;ka¡] xSj&iQwyksa vkWDlkbM 1@3 ekuotfur gSa
okys ikSèkksa dh 1,814 çtkfr;ka¡] 139 Lruik;h çtkfr;ka¡] 508 (N 2 O)
i{kh çtkfr;ka¡] 227 ljhl`i çtkfr;ka¡] 179 mHk;pj çtkfr;ka¡] gkbMª kÝs yksjksdkcZu 1-5 ls 209 150 ls vks ” kks u {k;dkjh
290 ehBs ikuh dh eNyh çtkfr;ka¡ vkSj 6,000 dhV çtkfr;ka¡ gSAa (HFCs) 11,700 inkFkks± dk fodYi
z ;g laHkkouk gS fd dbZ vKkr çtkfr;ka¡ if'peh ?kkV esa jgrh gSAa ijÝyksjksdkcZu 2,600 ls 6,500 ls çkFkfed ,Y;wefq u;e
(PFCs) 50,000 9,200 mRiknu] vèkZpkyd
z if'peh ?kkV esa de&ls&de 325 fo'o Lrj ij ladVxzLr
çtkfr;ka¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA fuekZ.k
lYiQj 3,200 23,900 fo|qr 'kfDr esa
74. (d)
gsDlkÝyksjkbM ç;qDr eSXuhf'k;e
O;k[;k% laè;kdkj uanh dh jkepfjr (ckjgoha 'krkCnh) dSorZ fdlkuksa (SF6) vkSj v¼Zpkyd
vkSj iky jktdqekj jkeiky ds chp la?k"kZ dh dgkuh crkrh m|ksx
gS] ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i ikyksa dh thr gqbZA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 19 19
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76. (a) 79. (c)

O;k[;k% gheksXyksfcu (Hb) yky jDr dksf'kdkvksa esa fufgr çksVhu O;k[;k% gekjs lkSj eaMy ds xzgksa esa] 'kqØ vkSj ;wjsul dks NksM+dj]
gS tks Årdksa rd vkWDlhtu dh vkiwfrZ ds fy;s f”kEesnkj gSA lw;Z vkSj mlds pkjksa vksj ds lHkh xzgksa dks cukus okys
z i;kZIr Ård vkDlhdj.k lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s mi;qDr ek=kk çksVks&IySusVjh fMLd ds dkj.k DykWdokbt ?kwers gSaA pw¡fd
esa gheksXyksfcu Lrj cuk, j•uk vko';d gSA çksVks&IySusVjh fMLd DykWdokbt fn'kk esa ?kwerk gS] blfy;s bl
z dqy jDr esa gheksXyksfcu dh ek=kk xzke çfr MslhyhVj (gèkdl) fMLd ls cuus okyh dksbZ Hkh oLrq mlh fn'kk esa ?kwerh gSA
esa O;Dr dh tkrh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
z iq#"kksa ds fy;s lkekU; ,pch Lrj 14 ls 18 xzke@MslhyhVj gS_ 80. (b)
efgykvksa ds fy;s ;g 12 ls 16 xzke@MslhyhVj gSA
O;k[;k% yksdlHkk esa gky gh esa mÙkj çns'k dh Ng tkfr;ksa& xksaM]
z gheksXyksfcu dk Lrj de gksus ij jksxh dks ,uhfe;k gks tkrk
èkqfj;k] uk;d] vks>k] iFkjh vkSj jktxksMa dks vuqlfw pr tutkfr;ksa
gSA jDr esa yky jDr dksf'kdkvksa dh la[;k cgqr vfèkd gksus dh lwph esa 'kkfey djus ds fy;s ,d foèks;d is'k fd;k x;k
ij ,fjFkzkslkbVksfll (Erythrocytosis) dh fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh FkkA
gS_ blds ifj.kkeLo:i gheksXyksfcu dk Lrj lkekU; ls vfèkd z vuqlwfpr tutkfr la'kksèku foèks;d] 2022 esa mÙkj çns'k ds
gks tkrk gSA lar dchj uxj] dq'khuxj] pankSyh] lar jfonkl uxj dh xksaM
77. (b) tkfr dks vuqlwfpr tkfr (,l-lh-) dh lwph ls vuqlwfpr
O;k[;k% tutkfr (,l-Vh-) dh lwph esa 'kkfey djus dk çkoèkku gSA
z blds vykok bl foèks;d esa lar dchj uxj] dq'khuxj] pankSyh
foèkkulHkk vè;{k dk;kZofèk
vkSj lar jfonkl uxj ds èkqfu;k] uk;d] vks>k] iFkjh vkSj
lq•nso jktHkj 18&05&2007 ls 13&04&2012
jktxksaM dks vuqlwfpr tutkfr esa 'kkfey djus dk çkoèkku
ekrk çlkn ikaMs; 13&04&2012 ls 30&03&2017
fd;k x;k gSA
ân; ukjk;.k nhf{kr 30&03&2017 ls 29&03&2022
z orZeku esa mÙkj çns'k dh 15 tkfr;k¡ vuqlwfpr tutkfr dh
lrh'k egkuk 29&3&2022 ls vc rd lwph esa 'kkfey gSaA
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
78. (b) 81. (b)

O;k[;k% fot;uxj 'kkldksa esa lcls egku 'kkld] Ñ".k nso jk; O;k[;k% Hkkjrh; lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku bykgkckn (ç;kxjkt) dh
(1509-1530) rqyqo oa'k ds FksA oS".ko gksus ds ckotwn os lHkh LFkkiuk 1999 esa f'k{kk ea=kky; }kjk dh xbZ FkhA
èkeks± dk lEeku djrs FksA og lkfgR; vkSj dyk ds egku z Hkkjrh; lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku y•uÅ dh LFkkiuk 2015
laj{kd Fks rFkk mUgsa vkaèkz Hkkst ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk FkkA esa lkoZtfud futh Hkkxhnkjh (PPP) ekWMy ds varxZr gqbZ FkhA
z v"VfnXxt ds uke ls tkus tkus okys vkB ç[;kr fo}ku mlds vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
jkt njckj esa FksA v"V fnXxtksa esa vYyklkuh isíkuk lcls egku z IIIT ds vfrfjDr ,d NIT, MNNIT bykgkckn vkSj nks IIT-
Fks vkSj mUgsa vkaèkz dfork firkeg dgk tkrk FkkA muds xzaFkks okjk.klh rFkk dkuiqj Hkh mÙkj izns'k esa fLFkr gSA
dk;ks± esa euqpfjre~ vkSj gfjdFkklkje~ 'kkfey gSaA vr% fodYi
82. (a)
(b) lgh gSA
z v"VfnXxt esa fiaxyh lqjUuk vkSj rsukyh jkeÑ".k vU; egÙoiw.kZ O;k[;k% 1853 esa jsyos blh otg ls 'kq#vkr dk vFkZ 'kgjksa ds
fo}ku FksA HkkX; esa cnyko vkuk FkkA vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;k¡ iqjkus ekxks± vkSj
z Ñ".k nso jk; us Lo;a ,d rsyqxq Ñfr] veqDrekY;nk vkSj ufn;ksa ds fdukjs fLFkr ikjaifjd 'kgjksa ls èkhjs&èkhjs LFkkukarfjr
laLÑr Ñfr;k¡] tkEcorh dY;k.ke vkSj m"kkifj.kk;e dh jpuk gks xbZA çR;sd jsyos LVs'ku dPps eky ds fy;s ,d laxzg fMiks
dhA vkSj vk;kfrr eky ds fy;s forj.k fcanq cu x;kA

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z tc ckWEcs ds fy;s ,d jsyos fyad cuk;k x;k rks xaxk ds z cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad vfr egÙoiw.kZ gS_ D;ksafd ;g
fdukjs fLFkr fe”kkZiqj dk egÙo •Re gks x;k Fkk] tks nDdu ikjaifjd i¼fr& tks dsoy vk; ;k ekSfæd 'krks± ls xjhch dks
ls dikl vkSj dikl ds lkeku ,d=k djrk FkkA vr% fodYi ekirk gS] dh rqyuk esa xjhch dks fofHkUu vk;keksa ls igpkurk gSA
(a) lgh gSA 85. (b)
83. (b)
O;k[;k% vks”kksu ijr i`Foh dh lrg ls 15 ls 35 fdyksehVj Åij
O;k[;k% fuEufyf•r rkfydk esa ioZrh; njZs vkSj lacafèkr jkT; ds lerki eaMy esa mPp vks”kksu lkaærk okys {ks=k esa fLFkr gSA
lgh feyku dk mYys• gS% vks”kksu ijr ,d vn`'; <ky ds :i esa dk;Z djrh gS vkSj
gesa lw;Z ls vkus okyh gkfudkjd ijkcSaxuh (UV) fofdj.k ls
ioZrh; njZs jkT; @la?k jkT; {ks=k
cpkrh gSA
ukFkw yk flfDde z fo'ks"k :i ls] vks”kksu ijr gesa ;woh (UV) fofdj.k ls cpkrh
vf?ky njkZ yík• gS] ftls ;woh&ch (UV-B) ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gS] tks
dkfyanh yk mÙkjk•aM lucuZ dk dkj.k curh gSA vks”kksu lw;Z ls vkus okyh ;woh&ch
ckjkykpk yk fgekpy çns'k (UV-B) fofdj.k dks lerki eaMy esa vo'kksf"kr djrh gS
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA vkSj bl fofdj.k ds gkfudkjd izHkkoksa dks i`Foh dh lrg
84. (a) rd igq¡pus ls jksdrh gSA
z ;woh&ch (UV-B) ds mPp Lrj dk yacs le; rd laidZ ekuo
O;k[;k% cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad%
LokLF; ds fy;s [krjukd gS lkFk vfèkdka'k tkuojksa] ikSèkksa vkSj
z cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad (MPI), UNDP vkSj OPHI }kjk
lw{ethoksa dks uqdlku igq¡pkrk gS] vr% vks”kksu ijr i`Foh ij
'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
lHkh thoksa dh j{kk djrh gSA
z ;g lwpdkad ,d gh le; esa xjhc yksxksa ds vuqikr vkSj
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
çR;sd xjhc O;fDr }kjk vuqHko fd;s tkus okys vHkkoksa dh
86. (d)
vkSlr la[;k dks n'kkZrk gSA
z MPI rhu vk;keksa vkSj nl ladsrdksa dk mi;ksx djrk gS tks O;k[;k% foÙkh; o"kZ 2021&22 esa Hkkjr dh vkfFkZd o`f¼] ldy
fuEu fp=k esa fn;s x, gSa% ?kjsyw mRikn dk 9.2% gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks fo'o dh lHkh
cM+h vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa lcls vfèkd gSA vr% fodYi (d)
lgh gSA
z bldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd okLrfod vkfFkZd mRiknu dk Lrj
2019&20 ds iwoZ&dksfoM Lrj dks ikj dj tk,xkA
z vkfFkZd lao`f¼% ;g ,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa
ds mRiknu esa o`f¼ ls lacafèkr gSA iwathxr oLrqvksa] Je 'kfDr]
çkS|ksfxdh vkSj ekuo iwath esa o`f¼ }kjk vkfFkZd fodkl esa
;ksxnku fn;k tk ldrk gSaA
87. (b)

O;k[;k%
;wih pquko 2022
z ,d O;fDr cgqvk;keh :i ls xjhc gS ;fn og Hkkfjr ladsrdksa jktuhfrd ny
foftr lhVsa
ds ,d frgkbZ ;k vfèkd (vFkkZr~ 33% ;k mlls vfèkd) ls
Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ 255
oafpr gSA tks yksx vkèks ;k mlls vfèkd Hkkfjr ladsrdksa ls
lektoknh ikVhZ 111
oafpr gSa] mUgsa vR;fèkd cgqvk;keh xjhch esa jgus okyk ekuk
viuk ny 12
tkrk gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 21 21
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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jk"Vªh; yksd ny 8 z ;gk¡ feys feV~Vh ds çfr:i dks ns•dj vuqeku yxk;k tk
fucZy bafM;u 'kksf"kr gekjk vke ny 6 ldrk gS fd dUukst çkphu le; dk ,d cgqr gh çxfr'khy
lqgsynso Hkkjrh; lekt ikVhZ 6 f”kyk Fkk] ;gk¡ rd fd ,sfrgkfld phuh vkxarqd tqvku tkax us
2
Hkh Hkkjr dh viuh ;k=kk ds nkSjku bl f”kys dh ç'kalk dh FkhA
Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkWUxzsl
2 z bldh LFkkiuk Ok"kZ 1996 esa gqbZ FkhA
tulÙkk ny yksdrkaf=kd ikVhZ
cgqtu lekt ikVhZ 1 vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
91. (a)
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
88. (b) O;k[;k% varjkZ"Vªh; efgyk fnol ds volj ij jk"Vªifr jke ukFk
dksfoan us mÙkj çns'k dh vkjrh jk.kk vkSj uhjtk ekèko dks
O;k[;k% xqiQdjky ('kkfCnd :i ls ^dqEgkj dh xqiQk*)] Jhuxj ls
efgyk l'kfDrdj.k dh fn'kk esa muds vlkèkkj.k dk;Z gsrq
41 fdeh- nf{k.k&if'pe esa ,d uoik"kk.k dkyhu LFky gSA
^ukjh 'kfDr iqjLdkj* ls lEekfur fd;kA
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
z vkjrh jk.kk dks o"kZ 2020 rFkk uhjtk ekèko dks o"kZ 2021
z uoik"kk.k dky yxHkx 10,000 bZlk iwoZ 'kq: gqvkA bl
ds fy;s ukjh 'kfDr iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA vr%
dky ds yksx Ñf"k vkSj i'kq ikyu dk dk;Z djrs FksA mUgksaus
fodYi (a) lgh gSA
ikWfy'k fd;s gq, iRFkj ds vkStkjksa vkSj midj.kksa dk bLrseky
z vkjrh jk.kk •hjh] mÙkj çns'k dh ,d gFkdj?kk cqudj vkSj
fd;kA os fo'ks"k :i ls iRFkj dh dqYgkfM+;ksa dk bLrseky
f'kf{kdk gSa ftUgksaus 800 ls vfèkd Fkk: efgykvksa dks f'kYi
djrs FksA
{ks=k esa çf'kf{kr fd;k gS vkSj 150 efgyk Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa
z pw¡fd uoik"kk.k dky esa dbZ cfLr;k¡ vukt dh •srh vkSj
dh LFkkiuk dh gSA
tkuojksa ds ikyu&iks"k.k ls tqM+h gqbZ Fkha] blfy;s mUgsa ,sls
z ysf•dk uhjtk ekèko dks fganh lkfgR; ds ekè;e ls gkf'k,
crZuksa dh t:jr Fkh ftlesa os viuk •k|kUu tek dj ldsaA
ij fLFkr yksxksa gsrq muds dke dks ekU;rk nsus ds fy;s fganh
;gh otg gS fd feV~Vh ds crZu lcls igys bl dky esa
ukjh 'kfDr iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA
fn•kbZ nsrs gSaA
92. (a)
89. (c)
O;k[;k% ;|fi dydÙkk] ckWEcs vkSj eækl us baXySaM esa m|ksx ds
O;k[;k% D;ftydqe e#LFky eè; ,f'k;k ds nksvkc vkew nfj;k
fy;s dPps eky dh vkiwfrZ dh vkSj iwathokn tSlh vkèkqfud
vkSj lhj nfj;k ufn;ksa ds chp esa fLFkr gS] ;g ,d ,slk {ks=k
vkfFkZd dkjdksa ds dkj.k mHkjs ysfdu eq[; :i ls mudh
gS ftls ,sfrgkfld :i ls VªkalvkWDl;kuk ;k lksfXM;kuk ds uke
vFkZO;oLFkk,¡ vkS|ksfxd mRiknu ij vkèkkfjr ugha FkhaA
ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA ;g dtkfdLrku] rqdZesfuLrku vkSj
z vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa }kjk bu 'kgjksa esa dkedkth la[;k dk vfèkdka'k
mTcsfdLrku ds chp fLFkr gSA
Hkkx r`rh;d {ks=k ds :i esa oxhZÑr fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku
z blesa çkÑfrd xSl] fiQjkstk] xzsiQkbV] laxejej vkSj lksus ds
1 lgh gSA
cM+s HkaMkj gSaA
z dkuiqj (peM+s] Åuh vkSj lwrh oL=kksa esa fo'ks"kKrk) vkSj
z ;g ,f'k;k esa ik¡pok lcls cM+k tcfd nqfu;k esa 15ok¡ lcls
te'ksniqj (LVhy esa fo'ks"kKrk) dsoy nks ;ksX; ¶vkS|ksfxd
cM+k e#LFky gSA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
'kgj¸ FksA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
90. (d)
z Hkkjr dHkh Hkh ,d iw.kZ vkS|ksxhÑr ns'k ugha cuk] D;ksafd
O;k[;k% dUukSt ds ljdkjh iqjkrRo laxzgky; esa feV~Vh dh ewfrZ;ksa HksnHkkoiw.kZ vkSifuosf'kd uhfr;ksa us vkS|ksfxd fodkl ds Lrjksa
dh fofoèkrk ;g fl¼ djrh gS fd çkphu dky esa dUukSt dks lhfer dj fn;k FkkA
eFkqjk] dk'kh vkSj dkS'kkach tSls {ks=k dyk vkSj laLÑfr ds fy;s z dydÙkk] cacbZ vkSj eækl cM+s 'kgjksa esa fodflr rks gq,] ysfdu
çfl¼ FksA ekS;Zdky ds le; ls gh ;g ,d iw.kZ fodflr lexz :i ls ;g vkSifuosf'kd Hkkjr ds fy;s fdlh Hkh
{ks=k FkkA çHkko'kkyh vkfFkZd fodkl dk ladsr ugha FkkA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 22 22
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93. (d) 95. (d)

O;k[;k% fgeky; ds çeq• fgeunksa dks pkj lewgksa esa foHkkftr fd;k O;k[;k% ekWfUVª;y çksVksdkWy dk lacaèk mu inkFkks± ls gS tks vks”kksu
tk ldrk gS% ijr dk {k; djrk gS ;g le>kSrk o"kZ 1987 esa fd;k x;k
z iatkc fgeky; Xysf'k;j lewg% FkkA bls vks”kksu {k;dkjh inkFkks± ds mRiknu vkSj vk;kr dks
 jkf•;V Xysf'k;j] dksYgkbZ Xysf'k;j] usg&ukj Xysf'k;j] jksdus rFkk okrkoj.k esa mldh lkaærk dks de djds i`Foh ij
ljcy Xysf'k;j] dkaxfjt Xysf'k;j] czã Xysf'k;j] Mªax Mªax vks”kksu ijr dh j{kk esa enn djus ds fy;s fM”kkbu fd;k x;k
Xysf'k;j] eqfYdyk xzqi Xysf'k;j] ckjkf'kxjh Xysf'k;j] fnch FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
cksdjh Xysf'k;j] xkjk Xysf'k;j vkSj xksjxkjax Xysf'k;jA z taxyh tkuojksa dh çoklh çtkfr;ksa ds laj{k.k ij dUosa'ku]
z x<+oky fgeky; Xysf'k;j lewg% ftls çoklh çtkfr;ksa ij dUosa'ku (CMS) ;k ckWu dUosa'ku
 xaxks=kh Xysf'k;j] larksiFk Xysf'k;j] dsnkjukFk Xysf'k;j] ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA ;g ,d varjkZ"Vªh; le>kSrk gS
feyke Xysf'k;j] fiaMkj Xysf'k;j] 'kadqyik Xysf'k;j vkSj tks çoklh tkuojksa vkSj muds vkoklksa ds laj{k.k vkSj LFkk;h
iksfVax Xysf'k;jA mi;ksx ds fy;s ,d oSf'od eap çnku djrk gSA vr% dFku
z usiky fgeky; Xysf'k;j lewg% 2 lgh ugha gSA
 ;sfyax Xysf'k;j] pksax dqeknku Xysf'k;j] #aMqu Xysf'k;j] z tSo&fofoèkrk ij lEesyu (lh-ch-Mh-)] ftls vukSipkfjd
èkkSykfxjh vkSj vUuiw.kkZ pksfV;ksa ls lVs Xysf'k;j] dkax 'kqax :i ls tSo&fofoèkrk lEesyu ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA ;g
Xysf'k;j] :iy Xysf'k;j] •qacw Xysf'k;j] edkyw ihd ls ,d cgqi{kh; lafèk gSA tks o"kZ 1993 esa ykxw gqbZA lh-ch-Mh-
lVs Xysf'k;j vkSj tsew Xysf'k;jA vr% fodYi (d) ds nks iwjd le>kSrs& dkVkZtsuk çksVksdkWy vkSj ukxks;k
lgh gSA çksVksdkWy gSaA
z vle fgeky; Xysf'k;j lewg% z ukxks;k çksVksdkWy 29 vDrwcj] 2010 dks ukxks;k] tkiku esa
 daputaxk pksVh ls lVs Xysf'k;j] lkuyqax Xysf'k;j vkSj viuk;k x;k Fkk vkSj 12 vDrwcj] 2014 dks ykxw gqvk] bldk
X;kjk ijh pksVh ls yxs Xysf'k;jA mís'; vkuqoaf'kd lalkèkuksa ds mi;ksx ls mRiUu gksus okys
94. (c) ykHkksa dk tSo fofoèkrk ds laj{k.k vkSj fVdkÅ mi;ksx esa
;ksxnku nsdj mfpr vkSj U;k;laxr c¡Vokjs ls gSA vr% dFku
O;k[;k% xkek fdj.k jsfM;ksèkehZ {k; ds ckn dqN jsfM;ksU;wDykbM ds 3 lgh ugha gSA
ukfHkd }kjk mRlftZr iQksVkWuksa dk ,d iSdsV gSA
z tSo&fofoèkrk ij dUosa'ku ds fy;s tSo lqj{kk ij dkVkZtsuk
z xkek iQksVkWu bysDVªkseSXusfVd LisDVªe esa lcls 'kfDr'kkyh
çksVksdkWy ,d varjkZ"Vªh; lafèk gS tks ,d ns'k ls nwljs ns'k
iQksVkWu gSaA
esa vkèkqfud tSo çkS|ksfxdh ds ifj.kkeLo:i thfor la'kksfèkr
z xkek fdj.ksa fo|qr pqacdh; fofdj.k (EMR) dk ,d :i gSaA
thoksa (,y-,e-vks-) dh xfr'khyrk dks fu;af=kr djrh gSA vr%
z os ,Dl&js ds leku gksrh gSa ,oa dsoy bl :i esa muls vyx
dFku 4 lgh ugha gSA
gSa fd os ,d lfØ; ukfHkd }kjk mRlftZr gksrs gSaA
z D;ksVks çksVksdkWy tyok;q ifjorZu ij la;qDr jk"Vª ÚseodZ
z fo|qr pqacdh; fofdj.k dks iQksVkWu dh ,d èkkjk ds :i esa
dUosa'ku dk ,d ifj.kke gSA ;g vkS|ksfxd ns'kksa dks lger
of.kZr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;s æO;eku jfgr d.k gksrs gSa
O;fDrxr y{;ksa ds vuqlkj xzhugkml xSlksa (th-,p-th-) ds
tks rjax tSls iSVuZ esa xfr djrs gSa vkSj çdk'k dh xfr ls
mRltZu dks lhfer djus vkSj de djus ds fy;s çfrc¼
pyrs gSaA
djds ;w-,u-,iQ-lh-lh-lh- }kjk lapkfyr gksrk gSA vr%
z çR;sd iQksVkWu esa ÅtkZ dh ,d fuf'pr ek=kk (;k caMy) gksrh
dFku 5 lgh gSA
gS vkSj lHkh fo|qr pqEcdh; fofdj.k bu iQksVkWu ls cus
gksrs gSaA 96. (a)
z bZ-,e-vkj- LisDVªe esa xkek&js iQksVkWu dh ÅtkZ lcls vfèkd O;k[;k% lcls foLr`r rkezik"kk.k mR•uu if'peh egkjk"Vª esa fd;s
gksrh gS tcfd mudh rjax nSè;Z lcls de gksrh gSA x;s gSaA dbZ rkezik"kk.k LFky] tSls& tksoZs] usoklk] nSekckn]
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA vgenuxj f”kys esa] panksyh] lksuxk¡o iq.ks f”kys esa] bukexk¡o

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 23 23
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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vkSj çdk'k dh ukfld f”kys esa •qnkbZ dh xbZ gSA ;s lHkh tksoZs 99. (d)
laLÑfr ls lacafèkr gSa] ftldk uke tksoZs uked LFky ds uke
O;k[;k%
ij j•k x;k gSA ;g vgenuxj f”kys esa xksnkojh dh lgk;d
çojk unh ds ck,a¡ fdukjs ij fLFkr gSA tksoZs laLÑfr esa ekyok
vkSj nf{k.kh uoik"kk.k nksuksa laLÑfr;ksa ds rRo ekStwn gSaA vr%
fodYi (a) lgh gSA
97. (d)

O;k[;k% ds'kokuan Hkkjrh ekeyk%

z lokZsPp U;k;ky; dk ;g ,sfrgkfld fu.kZ; 24 vçSy] 1973
dks 7% 6 ds ekewyh cgqer ls fn;k x;k Fkk ftlesa cgqer dk
fopkj Fkk fd Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds fdlh Hkh çkoèkku dks laln
}kjk la'kksfèkr fd;k tk ldrk gS rkfd çLrkouk esa ukxfjdksa
ds fy;s xkjaVhÑr lkekftd&vkfFkZd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk fd;k
tk lds] c'krZs fd bl rjg ds la'kksèku us lafoèkku dh ewy
lajpuk (Basic Structure) esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha fd;k gksA
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
z esudk xkaèkh cuke Hkkjr la?k% bl fu.kZ; ls vuqPNsn 21@ z pspU;k x.kjkt vukSipkfjd :i ls] :l dk ,d la?kh;
thou ds vfèkdkj ds ;qx dk foLrkj 'kq: gqvkA fo"k; gSA
z 'kadjh çlkn cuke Hkkjr la?k% lafoèkku vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls z ;g mÙkjh dkds'kl ds igkM+ksa esa] nf{k.k ds iQsMjy fMfLVªDV
ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa esa la'kksèku dj ldus dh (vuafre) laln esa fLFkr gSA
dh 'kfDrA z bldh lhek mÙkj esa :l] if'pe esa baxq'ksfr;k] nf{k.k&if'pe
z jkses'k Fkkij cuke eækl jkT;% vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk ls esa tkWftZ;k x.kjkT; vkSj iwoZ rFkk nf{k.k&iwoZ esa nkfxLrku ls
lacafèkr bl ekeys esa çdk'ku ds ckn ^ØkWljksM* lkIrkfgd Li'kZ djrh gSA
if=kdk ds çlkj ij fu;a=k.k dks vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk dk z jktèkkuh 'kgj xks”uh] ftldk :lh esa vFkZ gS ¶Mjkouk¸ ;k
mYya?ku ekuk x;k (bl fu.kZ; ds ckn Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ds ¶Hk;kud¸] lqu>k unh ij fLFkr gSA
vuqPNsn 19 esa la'kksèku fd;k x;k)A vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
98. (b) 100. (a)

O;k[;k% ljy folj.k (Facilitated Diffusion) esa fo'ks"k çksVhu O;k[;k% dFkd 'kCn] ^dFk 'kCn* ls cuk gS ftldk vFkZ gS dgkuhA
,Vhih ÅtkZ ds O;; ds fcuk inkFkks± dks f>Yyh ds vkj&ikj dFkkdkj ;k dgkuhdkj] os yksx gSa tks cM+s iSekus ij egkdkO;ksa]
LFkkukarfjr djus esa enn djrs gSaA feFkdksa vkSj fdaonafr;ksa dh ?kVukvksa ds vkèkkj ij dgkfu;ka
lqukrs gSaA ;g 'kk;n ,d ekSf•d ijaijk ds :i esa 'kq: gqvk
z ljy folj.k fuEu ls mPp lkaærk esa iw.kZ ifjogu ugha dj
FkkA
ldrk gS] blfy;s ÅtkZ fuos'k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
z eqxyksa ds vkus ls bl u`R; 'kSyh dks ,d ubZ xfr feyhA vkSj
z dqN okgd ;k ifjogu çksVhu folj.k rHkh djrs gSa] tc nks eafnj ds çkax.k ls egy njckj esa igq¡p x;k ftlds dkj.k
rjg ds v.kq ,d lkFk pyrs gSaA fleiksVZ esa nksuksa v.kq ,d gh blds çLrqfrdj.k esa ifjorZu vko';d gks x;kA fganw vkSj
fn'kk esa f>fYydk dks ikj djrs gSa] tcfd ,aVhiksVZ esa os foijhr eqfLye nksuksa njckjksa esa] dFkd vR;fèkd 'kSyhc¼ gks x;k vkSj
fn'kk esa pyrs gSaA tc dksbZ v.kq vU; v.kqvksa ls Lora=k jgdj bls euksjatu dk ,d ifj"Ñr :i ekuk tkus yxkA eqxyksa ds
f>Yyh ds vkj&ikj xfr djrk gS rks bl çfØ;k dks ;wfuiksVZ njckj esa] u`R; vkSj Hkko ij vfèkd ”kksj fn;k tkrk Fkk] ftlls
dgk tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA u`R; dks lqanj] vfHkO;atd rFkk dkeqd vk;ke feyrs FksA

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z mUuhloha 'krkCnh esa voèk ds vafre uokc okftn vyh 'kkg iSfy;kstksbd ;qx
ds laj{k.k esa dFkd dk Lo.kZ ;qx ns•k x;kA mUgksaus Hkko vkSj z iSfy;ks ”kksbd ;qx dk izkjaHk 241 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ dSfEcz;u
Hkkoukvksa dh vfHkO;fDr ij vius etcwr mPpkj.k ds lkFk foLiQksV ls gqvk vkSj blesa leqnzh thoksa esa fofoèkhdj.k dh
y•uÅ ?kjkus dh LFkkiuk dhA t;iqj ?kjkuk viuh y;dkjh fLFkfr ns[kh xbZ rFkk bldk var iz£e;u ;qx ds var esa gksus
;k y;c¼ xq.k ds fy;s tkuk tkrk gS vkSj cukjl dFkd u`R; okyh Hkw&x£Hkd bfrgkl ds lcls cM+s foyqIrh dj.k ds lkFk
ds vU; çeq• ?kjkuk gSaA gqvkA
z urZd ,d vuqØe ds lkFk 'kq: gksrk gS ftls FkkV dgk tkrk z iSfy;kstksbd ;qx dk iqjk ls uwru rd çeq• foHkktu%
gS ftlesa xnZu] HkkSgsa vkSj dykbZ ds uktqd y; dks is'k fd;k  dSfEcz;u (541 fefy;u ls 485.4 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ)
tkrk gSA blds ckn ,d ikjaifjd vkSipkfjd fØ;k, gksrh gS  vkWMkZsfof'k;u (485.4 fefy;u ls 443.8 fefy;u o"kZ
ftls ven (ços'k) vkSj lykeh (ueLdkj) ds :i esa tkuk iwoZ)
tkrk gSA  flyqfj;u (443.8 fefy;u ls 419.2 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ)
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA  Msoksfu;u (419.2 fefy;u ls 358.9 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ)
101. (c)
 dkckZsfuiQsjl (358.9 fefy;u ls 298.9 fefy;u o"kZ
O;k[;k% 1 ebZ] 2019 dks] ;wds dh laln us 2030 rd dkcZu rVLFk iwoZ)
gksus ds mís'; ls i;kZoj.k vkSj tyok;q vkikrdky dh ?kks"k.kk  ifeZ;u (298.9 fefy;u ls 252.2 fefy;u o"kZ iwoZ)
dh] ,slk djus okyk og nqfu;k dk igyk ns'k cu x;kA vr% vofèk
fodYi (c) lgh gSA 104. (d)
102. (c)
O;k[;k% ikSèkksa esa tkbye (Xylem) dks ty&laokgd Ård ds :i
O;k[;k% mUuhloha 'krkCnh ds eè; esa vkSifuosf'kd 'kgj dk Lo:i esa tkuk tkrk gSA ;g tM+ksa }kjk vo'kksf"kr ty vkSj •futksa
cnykA dk ifjogu djrk gSA ;g okfgfudh (VªSdhM~l)] okfgdkvksa]
z 1857 ds foæksg ds ckn Hkkjr esa foæksg ds fujarj Hk; ls tkbye rarq vkSj tkbye iSjsadkbek ls feydj cuk gksrk gSA
fczfV'k 'kklu dk n`f"Vdks.k cny jgk FkkA mUgksaus eglwl fd;k vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA
fd dLcksa dks csgrj <ax ls lajf{kr djus dh vko';drk gS z Ýyks,e (Phloem) Hkkstu dks ifÙk;ksa ls ikSèks ds vU; Hkkxksa
vkSj xksjs yksxksa (fczfV'k) dks ¶ewy fuokfl;ksa¸ ds •rjs ls nwj] tSls tM+ksa vkSj ruksa rd igq¡pkus dk dk;Z djrk gSA ;g fuLiafNr
vfèkd lqjf{kr vkSj vyx {ks=kksa esa jguk pkfg;sA rÙoksa] lgpj dksf'kdkvksa] rarq] vkSj Ýyks,e iSjsadkbek dksf'kdkvksa
z blh Øe esa] pkjkxkgksa vkSj Ñf"k {ks=kksa dks lkiQ dj fn;k x;k ls cuk gksrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
vkSj ¶flfoy ykbu¸ uked u, 'kgjh {ks=k LFkkfir fd;s x;s 105. (a)
FksA ,oa xksjs yksx flfoy ykbu esa jgus yxsA vr% fodYi
(c) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% xaxk vkSj czãiq=k ?kkfV;ksa esa dqy iqu% iwfrZ ;ksX; Hkwty
lalkèkuksa dk yxHkx 46% gSA Hkwfexr ty dk forj.k gj txg
z Nkouh LFky & tgk¡ ;wjksih; deku ds rgr Hkkjrh; lSfud
leku ugha gSA Hkwfexr ty dh miyCèkrk o"kkZ dh ek=kk] o"kkZ
rSukr Fks] mUgsa Hkh lqjf{kr {ks=k ds :i esa fodflr fd;k x;k FkkA
dh çÑfr] Hkw f e dh çÑfr vkS j mlds <ky ij fuHkZ j
103. (a) djrh gS A
O;k[;k% çk;}hih; iBkj tks çkphu xksaMokukySaM dk fgLlk gS] z moZjdksa vkSj dhVuk'kdksa ds mi;ksx ls tqM+h vfèkdka'k Ñf"k
dkckZsfuiQsjl ;qx esa vkfdZ;u pV~Vkuksa ls cuk FkkA i¼fr;ksa esa budk nq#i;ksx gksrk gS ftlls e`nk ds ykHkdkjh
z blls dsaæh; èkkjokM+ dk;karj.k pØ esa çkjafHkd ioZrksa dh cSDVhfj;k vkSj vU; lw{e thoksa dks ej tkrs gSaA
mRifÙk gqbZA z moZjdksa dk vR;fèkd mi;ksx e`nk dh tSfod xfrfofèk dks u"V

z bl çdkj iSfy;kstksbd ;qx esa Hkkjr ds çk;}hih; ioZrksa dk djrk gS vkSj lkFk gh fo"kkDr inkFkks± ds fuekZ.k ls e`nk ds
fuekZ.k gqvkA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA {kj.k dh nj dks c<+ nsrk gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 25 25
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z ukbVªkstu moZjd ls ukbVªsV Hkwty esa LFkkukarfjr gks ldrk gSA z vFkZO;oLFkk ds dqy th-oh-,- (ldy ewY; ofèkZr) esa Ñf"k
tks ihus ds ikuh esa ukwbMªsV dh ek=kk dks c<+kdj] ¶Cyw csch {ks=k dk fgLlk 18.8% Fkk tks 2020&21 esa 20.2% ls de
flaMªkse¸ ;k esFkkseksXyksfcusfe;k dk dkj.k curk gSA gS] tcfd ;g ;g fgLlk vHkh Hkh fiNys 10 o"kks± esa nwljk
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA lcls vfèkd cuk gqvk gSA
106. (d)
z loZs{k.k esa ;g Hkh crk;k x;k gS fd lac¼ {ks=kksa] fo'ks"k :i
ls i'kqèku esa gq, mPp fodkl us Hkh dqy Ñf"k th-oh-,- esa
O;k[;k% flaèkq {ks=k ds yksx o`{kksa dh iwtk djrs FksA ,d eqgj ij ;ksxnku fn;k gSA
ihiy dh 'kk•kvksa ds chp nsork ds n`'; dk vadu gqvk gSA 109. (c )
gM+Iik dky esa Hkh tkuojksa dh iwtk dh tkrh FkhA muesa lcls
egÙoiw.kZ ,d lhax okyk tkuoj gS tks 'kk;n xSaMk gSA vU; O;k[;k%
egÙoiw.kZ tkuoj dwcM+ okyk cSy gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ns'k jktèkkuh
ugha gSA is : yhek
z gM+Iik lH;rk esa rkcht cM+h la[;k esa feysa gSaA laHkor% ukbts f j;k vcqtk
gM+Iikokfl;ksa dk ekuuk Fkk fd Hkwr vkSj cqjh 'kfDr;ka mUgsa ukbtj U;kes
ukoZs vksLyks
uqdlku igqa¡pkus esa l{ke gSaA
z gM+Iikokfl;ksa us ukxs'oj vkSj ckykdksV tSlh cfLr;ksa dks mu
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
{ks=kksa esa LFkkfir fd;k tgk¡ 'ka• ('ksy) miyCèk FkkA bl rjg 110. (c)
dk vU; LFky 'kksrZq?kbZ Fkk] tks lqnwj viQxkfuLrku esa ySfil O;k[;k% vkuqofa 'kdhfon~ ckjcjk eSdfDyaVkWd (Barbara McClintock)
yktqyh (,d uhyk iRFkj tks cgqr ewY;oku Fkk) ds lcls us ^tafiax thu* (Jumping Genes) dh •kst dh ftlds fy;s
vPNs lzksr ds ikl fLFkr FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA mUgsa o"kZ 1983 esa ukscsy iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
107. (d) vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
z Vªkalikstscy ,fyesaV~l (Transposable Elements– TEs)] ftUgsa
O;k[;k% Hkkjr esa mPp U;k;ky; laLFkk dh mRifÙk o"kZ 1862 esa gqbZ ^tafiax thu* ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gS] Mh-,u-,- vuqØe
tc dydÙkk] cacbZ vkSj eækl esa mPp U;k;ky; LFkkfir fd;s gSa tks thukse ij ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij tkrs gSaA
x,A z TEs thukse ds Hkhrj viuh fLFkfr cny ldrs gSa] dHkh&dHkh
z o"kZ 1866 esa bykgkckn esa ns'k dk pkSFkk mPp U;k;ky; LFkkfir mRifjorZu iSnk dj ldrs gSa vkSj dksf'kdk dh vkuqoaf'kd
fd;k x;kA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA igpku ,oa thukse vkdkj dks cny ldrs gSaA
z iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dh LFkkiuk o"kZ 1916 esa ns'k ds NBs z kaliksft'ku ds ifj.kkeLo:i çk;% ,d gh izdkj ds vkuqoaf'kd
Vª
mPp U;k;ky; ds :i esa gqbZ FkhA lkexzh dk f}xq.ku gksrk gSA
z lafoèkku ds Hkkx VI esa mifLFkr vuqPNsn 214 ls 231 mPp z TEs thukse ds cM+s •aM dk fuekZ.k djrs gSa vkSj ,d
U;k;ky;ksa ds laxBu] Lora=krk] {ks=kkfèkdkj] 'kfDr] çfØ;kvksa ;wdSfj;ksfVd dksf'kdk esa Mh-,u-,- ds vfèkdka'k æO;eku ds
vkfn ls lacafèkr gSaA fy;s f”kEesnkj gksrs gSa A
z gkyk¡fd TEs ^lsfYiQ'k* vkuqoaf'kd rÙo (Selfish Genetic
z orZeku esa ns'k esa 25 mPp U;k;ky; dk;Zjr gSaA buesa ls Ng
Elements) gksrs gSa] dbZ thukse dk;Zdj.k vkSj fodkl esa
dk ,d ls vfèkd jkT;ksa@dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ij {ks=kkfèkdkj gSA
egÙoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA
108. (c)
111. (b)
O;k[;k% vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2021&22 esa dgk x;k gS fd Ñf"k vkSj
O;k[;k% 2 iQjojh] 2022 dks fo'o vkæZHkwfe fnol ds volj ij]
lac¼ {ks=k egkekjh ls lcls de çHkkfor gq, gSa vkSj fiNys dsaæh; i;kZoj.k ea=kh Hkwisaæ ;kno us lqYrkuiqj jk"Vªh; i{kh m|ku
o"kZ (2020-21) esa 3.6% dh o`f¼ ds ckn 2021&22 esa bl xq#xzke gfj;k.kk esa vk;ksftr ,d dk;ZØe esa mÙkj çns'k esa
{ks=k esa 3.9% o`f¼ dh mEehn gSA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 2 nksuksa ^cf•jk oU;tho vHk;kj.;* vkSj xqtjkr esa ^f•tfM+;k oU;tho
lgh gSaA vHk;kj.;* dks jkelj LFky ?kksf"kr fd;kA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 26 26
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z mÙkj çns'k esa jkelj LFkyksa dh la[;k c<+dj vc 10 gks xbZ z mijksDr Nk;kfp=k ds vuqlkj] mijksDr 'kgjksa dk if'pe ls iwoZ
gS tks bl çdkj gSa% dh vksj lgh Øe gS% dkuiqj > y•uÅ > ç;kxjkt > okjk.klhA
1. Åijh xaxk unh (c`t?kkV ls ujksjk) vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
2. uokcxat i{kh vHk;kj.; (mUuko) 114. (a)
3. lkaMh i{kh vHk;kj.; (gjnksbZ) O;k[;k% fot;uxj dh lsuk lqO;ofLFkr vkSj dq'ky FkhA blesa ?kqMl + okj
4. leliqj i{kh vHk;kj.; (jk;cjsyh) lsuk] iSny lsuk] rksi•kus vkSj gkFkh 'kkfey fcteuxj esa FksA
5. leu i{kh vHk;kj.; (eSuiqjh) mPp uLy ds ?kksM+s fons'kh O;kikfj;ksa ls •jhns tkrs FksA
6. ikoZrh vjxk i{kh vHk;kj.; (xksaMk) z lsuk ds 'kh"kZ&Js.kh ds vfèkdkfj;ksa dks uk;d ;k iksyhxj ds
7. ljlkbZ uokj >hy (bVkok) :i esa tkuk tkrk FkkA
8. lqj ljksoj >hy@dhFke >hy (vkxjk) z mudh lsokvksa ds cnys mUgsa tehu nh xbZA bu Hkwfe;ksa dks

9. gSnjiqj vkæZHkwfe ^veje* dgk tkrk FkkA lSfudksa dks vkerkSj ij udn esa Hkqxrku
10. cf•jk oU;tho vHk;kj.; (lar dchj uxj)A fd;k tkrk FkkA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA 115. (d)
112. (d) O;k[;k% xkMfxy lfefr vkSj dLrwjhjaxu lfefr dh fjiksVZ if'peh
O;k[;k% 1943 esa] egkjk"Vª ds lrkjk f”kys esa dqN ;qok usrkvksa us ?kkV ds laj{k.k ls lacafèkr gSaA if'peh ?kkV ij tula[;k ncko]
lekukarj ljdkj dh LFkkiuk dh] ftlesa Lo;alsoh ny (lsok tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj fodkl xfrfofèk;ksa ds çHkko dk vè;;u
ny) vkSj xzke bdkb;k¡ (rwiQku ny) 'kkfey FksA djus ds fy;s o"kZ 2010 esa i;kZoj.k ea=kky; }kjk xkMfxy
z ¶lkekukarj ljdkj¸ dk la;kstu okbZ-ch] pOgk.k] ukuk ikfVy
lfefr dk xBu fd;k x;k FkkA
z dLrwjhjaxu lfefr dk xBu o"kZ 2012 esa if'peh ?kkVksa dh
vkfn usrkvksa ds usr`Ro esa fd;k x;k FkkA xzke iqLrdky; vkSj
U;k;nku eaMyksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k] fu"ksèk vfHk;ku pyk, tSo fofoèkrk dh j{kk djus vkSj LFkkuh; fuokfl;ksa ds lekos'kh
fodkl vkSj lrr fodkl rFkk mudh vkdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus
x;s vkSj ^xkaèkh fookg* vk;ksftr fd;s x;sA
ds fy;s ,d lexz rjhdk •kstus ds fy;s fd;k x;k FkkA
z os yksdvnkyr@njckj pykrs Fks vkSj jpukRed dk;Z djrs FksA
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
dquch fdlkuksa ds opZLo vkSj nfyrksa ds leFkZu okyh lrkjk
lekukarj ljdkj us 1946 ds pqukoksa rd ljdkjh neu vkSj 116. (c)
ckn ds pj.kksa esa dk¡xzsl dh vLohÑfr ds ckotwn dke fd;kA O;k[;k% ekuo ySafxd :i ls tuu djus okyk vkSj lthoçtd ;k
vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA tjk;qt çk.kh gSA
113. (c) z ekuoksa esa tuu çfØ;k ds varxZr ;qXedtuu] vFkkZr~ iq#"kksa esa
'kqØk.kq vkSj efgykvksa esa vaMk.kq dk cuuk] L=kh tuu iFk esa
O;k[;k%
'kqØk.kqvksa dk LFkkukarj.k vkSj uj ,oa eknk ;qXed dk lay;u
;k fu"kspu 'kkfey gS ftlds dkj.k ;qXeut dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA
z blds ckn dksjdiqVh@CykLVksflLV (Blastocyst) dk fuekZ.k ,oa
fodkl vkSj bldk xHkkZ'k; dh nhokj ls fpiduk (varjkZsi.k)]
Hkzw.k fodkl (Hkzw.k ifjoèkZu) vkSj f'k'kq ds tUe (çlo) dh
fØ;k,¡ gksrh gSaA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA
117. (b)

O;k[;k% vfèkdj.k (Tribunals)%

z ewy lafoèkku esa vfèkdj.k ls lacafèkr çkoèkku ugha FksA vr%
dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 27 27
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z o"kZ 1976 ds 42osa la'kksèku vfèkfu;e us lafoèkku esa ,d u;k vU; gM+Iik LFky%
Hkkx XIV-A tksM+kA bldk 'kh"kZd ^vfèkdj.k* j•k x;k vkSj z bl lH;rk dk rhljk 'kgj flaèk izkUr (ikfdLrku) esa
blesa dsoy nks vuqPNsn 'kkfey gSa& vuqPNsn 323A (tks eksgutksnM+ks ls yxHkx 130 fdeh- nf{k.k esa fLFkr pagwnM+ks gS
ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k ls lacafèkr gS) vkSj vuqPNsn 323B (tks vkSj pkSFkk xqtjkr ds yksFky esa •aHkkr dh •kM+h ds 'kh"kZ ij
vU; ekeyksa ds fy;s vfFkdj.k ls lacafèkr gS)A fLFkr gSA dkyhcaxk mÙkjh jktLFkku esa fLFkr gS (dkyhcaxk dk
z vuqPNsn 323A ds vuqlj.k esa laln us o"kZ 1985 esa ç'kklfud vFkZ gS dkyh pwfM+;k¡)A cukoyh gfj;k.kk ds fglkj f”kys esa
vfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e (Administrative Tribunals Act) ikfjr fLFkr gSA ;g laLÑfr bu lHkh Ng LFkkuksa esa viuh ifjiDo
fd;k gSA vkSj iQyrh&iQwyrh voLFkk esa ns•us ;ksX; gSA
z 1985 dk ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k vfèkfu;e dsaæ ljdkj dks ,d z gM+Iik lH;rk vius ifjiDo pj.k esa rVh; 'kgjksa lqRdkxsaMksj
dsaæh; ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k vkSj ,d jkT; ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k vkSj lqjdksVnk esa Hkh ikbZ tkrh gSA mÙkj gM+Iik pj.k dkfB;kokM+
LFkkfir djus ds fy;s vfèkÑr djrk gSA çk;}hi esa jaxiqj vkSj jkstnh esa ik;k tkrk gSA xqtjkr ds dPN
z vfèkfu;e dsaæ ljdkj dks lacafèkr jkT; ljdkjksa ds fof'k"V {ks=k esa fLFkr èkkSykohjk gM+Iik ds fdyscanh dks n'kkZrk gSA
vuqjksèk ij jkT; ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k (SATs) LFkkfir djus jk•hx<+h gfj;k.kk esa ?kXxj ds fdukjs fLFkr gS vkSj èkkSykohjk
dk vfèkdkj nsrk gSA ls dkiQh cM+k gSA
z ;g vfèkfu;e nks ;k nks ls vfèkd jkT;ksa ds fy;s ,d la;qDr 119. (d)
ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k (JAT) dh LFkkiuk dk Hkh çkoèkku djrk O;k[;k% vVykafVd egklkxj dh çeq• xrs± gSa%
gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
1. iksVkZsfjdks xrZ (mÙkjh vVykafVd egklkxj)
 la;qDr ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k ,sls jkT;ksa ds fy;s ç'kklfud
2. jkse'ks xrZ (Hkweè; vVykafVd egklkxj)
vfèkdj.kksa }kjk ç;ksx fd;s tkus okys lHkh vfèkdkj {ks=k
3. lSaMfop xrZ (nf{k.k vVykafVd egklkxj)
vkSj 'kfDr;ksa dk ç;ksx djrk gSA
 la;qDr ç'kklfud vfèkdj.k ds vè;{k vkSj lnL;ksa dh
ç'kkar egklkxj dh çeq• xrs± gSa
fu;qfDr jk"Vªifr }kjk lacafèkr jkT;ksa ds jkT;ikyksa ds ijke'kZ 1. esfj;kuk (pSysUtj xrZ)
ds ckn dh tkrh gSA 2. D;wjkby xrZ
3. ,Y;wf'k;u
118. (b)
4. tkiku xrZ
O;k[;k% gM+Iik lH;rk% vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
z gM+Iik laLÑfr dk mn; Hkkjrh; miegk}hi ds mÙkj&if'peh
120. (c)
Hkkx esa gqvkA bls gM+Iik lH;rk dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd bl
lH;rk dh •kst lcls igys o"kZ 1921 esa ikfdLrku ds if'peh O;k[;k% jkT; ds uhfr funs'kd rÙo (DPSP) dk mYys• lafoèkku
iatkc çkar esa fLFkr gM+Iik (bl 'kgj ds uke ij) ds vkèkqfud ds Hkkx&IV ds varxZr vuqPNsn 36 ls 51 rd fd;k x;k gSA
LFky ls gqbZ FkhA z funs'kd rÙo vk;jySaM ds lafoèkku ls mèkkj fy;s x, gSa] ftlus

z gM+Iik ;k flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk mÙkj esa tEew ls ysdj nf{k.k esa bls Lisfu'k lafoèkku ls xzg.k fd;k FkkA
ueZnk eqgkuk rd vkSj if'pe esa cywfpLrku ds edjku rV ls z funs'kd rÙoksa dh fuEufyf•r fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa&
ysdj mÙkj&iwoZ esa mÙkj çns'k ds esjB (vkyexhjiqj) rd I. ;g mu vkn'kks± dks n'kkZrk gS ftUgsa uhfr&fuekZ.k vkSj
iQSyh gqbZ FkhA ;g {ks=k ,d f=kHkqt dk fuekZ.k djrh gS vkSj fofèk&fuekZ.k ds le; jkT; dks è;ku esa j•uk pkfg;sA
bldk {ks=kiQy yxHkx 12,99,600 oxZ fdyksehVj FkkA II. ;g 1935 ds Hkkjr 'kklu vfèkfu;e esa mfYyf•r ^baLVªe w Vas
z miegk}hi esa vc rd yxHkx 1500 Kkr gM+Iik LFky gSaA vkWiQ baLVªD'ku* ;k vuqns'kksa ds leku gSaA MkW- ch-vkj-
muesa ls T;knkrj mÙkj gM+Iik ;k 'kgjh voLFkk ds ckn ds vEcsMdj ds 'kCnksa esa ^^funs'kd rÙo mu vuqns'kksa ds
LFky gSaA bl lH;rk ds nks lcls egÙoiw.kZ 'kgj gM+Iik vkSj leku gSa tks Hkkjr 'kklu vfèkfu;e] 1935 ds varxZr
eksgutksnM+ks FksA 483 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij fLFkr ;s 'kgj flaèkq fczfV'k ljdkj }kjk xouZj tujy vkSj Hkkjr dh
unh }kjk vkil esa tqM+s gq, FksA eksgutksnM+ks dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ vkSifuosf'kd dkWyksfu;ksa ds xouZjksa }kjk tkjh fd;s tkrs
gS e`rdksa dk VhykA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA FksA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 28 28
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III. ;s vkèkqfud yksdrkaf=kd jkT; ds fy;s ,d vR;ar O;kid z dksjh Øhd ,d Tokjh; Øhd gSa tks xqtjkr ds dPN ds j.k
vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd dk;ZØe dk xBu {ks=k esa vofLFkr gSA
djrs gSa ftldk mís'; lafoèkku dh çLrkouk esa mfYyf•r z ;g Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp ,d leqæh lhek gSA
U;k;] Lora=krk] lekurk vkSj caèkqRo ds mPp vkn'kks± dks z Hkkjr ls lacafèkr ;g {ks=k flaèkq unh MsYVk dk ,d fgLlk gS
lkdkj djuk gSA os ,sls ^dY;k.kdkjh jkT;* dh voèkkj.kk tks Hkkjr esa xqtjkr jkT; vkSj ikfdLrku ds flaèk esa fLFkr gSA
dks ewrZ :i nsrs gSa tks vkSifuosf'kd ;qx ds nkSjku
z dksjh Øhd ls yxHkx 33 fdeh- mÙkj if'pe esa fLFkr lj
vuqifLFkr FkkA
Øhd Hkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp ,d fookfnr {ks=k gSA vr%
121. (c)
fodYi (d) lgh gSaA
O;k[;k% jkT; esa uSuh (ç;kxjkt)] okjk.klh] iQrsgx<+] cjsyh vkSj 124. (a)
vkxjk esa ik¡p dsaæh; tsyksa vkSj ,d ukjh canh fudsru ds
vykok y•uÅ vkSj cjsyh esa rhu fo'ks"k tsyksa lfgr fofHkUu O;k[;k% 'ksj'kkg dk ç'kklu%
Lrjksa dh 71 tsy gSaA cjsyh dsaæh; tsy ;wih dh lcls iqjkuh z ;|fi mldk 'kklu ik¡p o"kks± rd gh pyk fiQj Hkh mlus ,d

dsaæh; tsy gSA 'kkunkj ç'kklfud O;oLFkk viukbZA mldh dsaæh; ljdkj esa
z cjsyh dsaæh; tsy o"kZ 1848 esa cjsyh] mÙkj çns'k (Hkkjr) esa dbZ foHkkx 'kkfey FksA jktk dks pkj egÙoiw.kZ eaf=k;ksa }kjk
cuk;h xbZ Fkh] ml le; fczfV'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds vfèkdkjh lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh Fkh%
yach vofèk ds fy;s nks"kh Bgjk, x;s yksxksa dks j•us ds fy;s 1. nhoku&,&fotkjr% bls othj Hkh dgk tkrk Fkk vkSj ;s
dsaæh; tsyksa ds fuekZ.k dh uhfr is'k dj jgs FksA jktLo ,oa foÙk ds çHkkjh FksA
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA 2. nhoku&,&vtZ% ;g lsuk dk çHkkjh gksrk FkkA
122. (c) 3. nhoku&,&jlkyr% ;g fons'k ea=kh gksrk Fkk ,oa èkk£ed
O;k[;k% Ok"kZ 1851 esa xouZj tujy ykWMZ MygkSth us voèk jkT; ekeyksa dks Hkh ns[krk gSA
dks ¶,d psjh tks ,d fnu gekjs eq¡g esa fxj tk,xh¸ ds :i 4. nhoku&,&ba'kk% ;g lapkj ea=kh FkkA
esa of.kZr fd;kA ik¡p o"kZ ckn] 1856 esa] jkT; dks vkSipkfjd vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
:i ls fczfV'k lkezkT; esa feyk fy;k x;k FkkA z 'ksj'kkg dk lkezkT; lSarkyhl ljdkjksa esa foHkkftr FkkA eq[;
z 1856 esa voèk ds vfèkxzg.k ls çknsf'kd vfèkxzg.k dh çfØ;k f'kdnkj (dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk) vkSj eq[; eqafliQ (U;k;kèkh'k)
iwjh gksus dh mEehn Fkh tks yxHkx ,d lnh igys caxky dh çR;sd ljdkj esa ç'kklu ds nks çHkkjh vfèkdkjh FksA
fot; ds lkFk 'kq: gqbZ FkhA z çR;sd ljdkj dbZ ijxukvksa esa foHkkftr FkhA f'kdnkj (lSU;
vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA vfèkdkjh)] vehu (Hkw&jktLo) vkSj iQksrsnkj (dks"kkè;{k)
123. (d) djdqu (ys•kdkj) çR;sd ijxuk ds ç'kklu ds çHkkjh FksA
z dbZ ç'kklfud bdkb;k¡ Hkh Fkha ftUgsa bDrk dgk tkrk FkkA
O;k[;k%
125. (b)

O;k[;k% vkuqoaf'kd lalkèkuksa rd igq¡p vkSj muds mi;ksx ls mRiUu

gksus okys ykHkksa ds mfpr vkSj U;k;laxr lk>kdj.k ds fy;s
ukxks;k çksVksdkWy vkSj tSfod fofoèkrk ij dUosa'ku ,d
varjkZ"Vªh; le>kSrk gS ftldk mís'; vkuqokaf'kd lalkèkuksa ds
mi;ksx ls mRiUu gksus okys ykHkksa dks mfpr vkSj U;k;laxr
rjhds ls lk>k djuk gSA ;g 12 vDrwcj] 2014 dks ykxw gqvkA
z Hkkjr dk tSfod fofoèkrk vfèkfu;e 2002 (ch-Mh- vfèkfu;e)]
ukxks;k çksVksdkWy ds lkFk fudV lacaèk j•rk gSA vr% fodYi
(b) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 29 29
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z Hkkjr dh fo'kky tSo fofoèkrk ds laj{k.k dh fn'kk esa ,d z loZs{k.k esa dgk x;k gS fd Hkkjr ds ldy ewY; oèkZu (th-
egÙoiw.kZ dne ds :i esa tSfod fofoèkrk vfèkfu;e dh oh-,-) esa lsok {ks=k dh fgLlsnkjh 2019&20 esa 55% ls ?kVdj
ljkguk dh xbZ] D;ksafd blus vius çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa ij ns'kksa 2021&22 esa 53% gks xbZA
ds laçHkq vfèkdkj dks ekU;rk nh FkhA z foÙk@fj;y ,LVsV vkSj yksd ç'kklu {ks=k nksuksa gh vc iwo&Z dksfoM
z tSfod fofoèkrk vfèkfu;e ds rgr] ,d egÙoiw.kZ fu;ked Lrjksa ls dkiQh Åij gSaA gkyk¡fd] ;k=kk] O;olk; vkSj gksVy
ra=k dk LFkkuh; vkcknh rd igq¡p vkSj ykHk lk>k djus (ABS) tSls {ks=k vHkh iwjh rjg ls Bhd ugha gq, gSaA lkWÝVos;j vkSj
ij ”kksj FkkA vkbZVh&l{ke lsokvksa ds fu;kZr esa rsth vkbZ gS] tcfd i;ZVu
126. (c) ls gksus okyh vk; esa rsth ls fxjkoV vkbZ gSA
129. (a)
O;k[;k% viQxkfuLrku dh dqN ufn;ksa tSls dqaHkk vkSj flaèkq rFkk
bldh ik¡p forfjdkvksa dk mYys• ½Xosn esa fd;k x;k gSA O;k[;k%
z flaèkq vk;ks± dh egÙoiw.kZ unh gS vkSj bldk ckj&ckj mYys•
fd;k x;k gSA
z ,d vU; unh] ljLorh dks ½Xosn esa unhrek ;k loZJs"B
ufn;ksa ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA bldh igpku gfj;k.kk vkSj
jktLFkku esa ?kXxj&gkdjk pSuy ls gksrh gSA vr% fodYi (c)
lgh gSA
z Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa vk;Z lcls igys ftl {ks=k esa cls] mls
lkr ufn;ksa dh Hkwfe (lIr lSaèko) dgk tkrk gSA
127. (b)

O;k[;k% lafoèkku ds Hkkx V, vuqPNsn 52 ls 78 la?k dh dk;Zikfydk

ls lacafèkr gSaA
z la?k dh dk;Zikfydk esa jk"Vªifr ,oa mijk"Vªifr] çèkkuea=kh ,oa
eaf=kifj"kn vkSj Hkkjr ds egkU;k;oknh 'kkfey gSaA vr% fodYi
(b) lgh gSA z feflflih mÙkjh vesfjdk dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ unh gSA
z jk"Vªifr Hkkjrh; jkT; dk çeq• gksrk gSA og Hkkjr dk çFke z unh dk lzksr feuslksVk esa bVkLdk >hy gSA
ukxfjd gksrk gS vkSj jk"Vª dh ,drk] v•aMrk vkSj ,dtqVrk z feflflih unh eSfDldks dh •kM+h esa fxjrh gSA
ds çrhd ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA z vU; fo'o ufn;ksa dh rqyuk esa] feflflih&felkSjh unh dk
 Hkkx III% ewy vfèkdkjA
la;kstu (3,964 ehy@6,378 fdeh-)A uhy (4,160 ehy@6,693
 Hkkx IV% jkT; dh uhfr ds funs'kd rÙoA fdeh-)] vestWu (4,000 ehy@6,436 fdeh-) vkSj ;kaXRlh
 Hkkx X% vuqlwfpr vkSj tutkrh; {ks=kA ufn;ksa ds ckn yackbZ esa pkSFks LFkku ij (3,710 ehy@5,970
128. (a) fdeh-) gSA
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2021&22 esa dgk x;k gS fd lsok {ks=k
130. (a)
egkekjh ls lcls T;knk çHkkfor gqvk gS] fo'ks"k :i ls ,sls
{ks=k ftuesa ekuo laidZ 'kkfey gSA O;k[;k% jk"Vªifr dh {keknku 'kfDr%
z fiNys o"kZ ds 8.4% ladqpu ds ckn orZeku foÙkh; o"kZ esa z lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 72 esa jk"Vªifr dks mu O;fDr;ksa dks {kek
lsok {ks=k ds 8.2% c<+us dk vuqeku gSA ;g è;ku fn;k tkuk çnku djus dh 'kfDr nh xbZ gS tks fuEufyf•r ekeyksa esa fdlh
pkfg;s fd fofHkUu mi&{ks=kksa }kjk çn'kZu esa O;kid çlkj gqvk vijkèk ds fy;s nks"kh djkj fn;s x, gSa%
gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA 1. la?kh; fofèk ds fo#¼ fdlh vijkèk esa fn;s x, naM esa_

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 30 30
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2. lSU; U;k;ky; }kjk fn;s x, naM esa_ vkSj fgLlk fy;k Fkk_ tks ,deq'r cankscLr }kjk ?kVdj 38 çfr'kr
3. ;fn naM dk Lo:i e`R;qnaM gksA jg x;k FkkA nf{k.kh voèk ds rkYyqdnkjksa dks lcls T;knk
vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA uqdlku gqvk vkSj dqN us mu xk¡oksa dh dqy Hkwfe ds vkèks ls
z jk"Vªifr dh {keknku 'kfDr U;k;ikfydk ls Lora=k gS_ ;g vfèkd dks •ks fn;k] ftu ij os igys dCtk dj pqds FksA
dk;Zdkjh 'kfDr gSA ysfdu jk"Vªifr bl 'kfDr dk ç;ksx djrs vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
gq, vihyh; U;k;ky; ds :i esa is'k ugha vkrkA 133. (b)
z jk"Vªifr dks ;g 'kfDr çnku djus dk nksgjk mís'; gS% (a)
O;k[;k%
fofèk ds lapkyu esa fdlh Hkh U;kf;d =kqfV;ksa dks Bhd djus
ds fy;s ,d volj •qyk j•uk_ vkSj] (b) ,d naM ls jkgr
nsus ds fy;s] ftls jk"Vªifr vuqfpr :i ls dBksj ekusA
z vuqPNsn 78% ;g jk"Vªifr dks lwpuk nsus djus ds lacaèk esa
çèkkuea=kh ds dÙkZO;ksa ls lacafèkr gSA
z vuqPNsn 88% blesa mYys• gS fd Hkkjr ds çR;sd ea=kh vkSj
egkU;k;oknh dks fdlh Hkh lnu lnuksa dh fdlh Hkh la;qDr
cSBd vkSj laln dh fdlh Hkh lfefr (ftldk mls lnL;
ukfer fd;k x;k gks) dh dk;Zokgh esa cksyus vkSj vU;Fkk Hkkx
ysus dk vfèkdkj gksxk] ysfdu mls oksV nsus dk vfèkdkj ugha
gksxkA
z vuqPNsn 99% blesa mYys• fd;k x;k gS fd laln ds fdlh
z y{k}hi] 36 }hiksa dk lewg vius vkd"kZd leqæ rVksa (iqfyu)
Hkh lnu dk çR;sd lnL; viuk LFkku xzg.k djus ls igys
vkSj gjs Hkjs ifjn`'; ds fy;s tkuk tkrk gSA ey;kye vkSj
jk"Vªifr ;k mlds }kjk bl fufeÙk fu;qDr fdlh O;fDr ds
laLÑr esa y{k}hi uke dk vFkZ gS ^,d yk• }hi*A
le{k rhljh vuqlwph esa bl ç;kstu ds fy;s fn;s x, ç:i
z Hkkjr dk lcls NksVk dsaæ'kkflr çns'k y{k}hi ,d }hilewg
ds vuqlkj 'kiFk ysxk ;k çfrKku djsxkA
gS ftlesa 36 }hi gSa ftudk {ks=kiQy 32 oxZ fdeh- gSA vr%
131. (b) fodYi (b) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% mÙkj çns'k dks 9 Ñf"k tyok;q {ks=kksa] vFkkZr~ Hkkcj vkSj rjkbZ] z ;g ,d dsaæ'kkflr çns'k gS vkSj blesa ckjg ,VkWy] rhu jhiQ]
if'peh eSnku] eè;&if'peh eSnku] nf{k.k&if'peh eSnku] eè; ika¡p tyeXu rV vkSj nl okl }hi 'kkfey gSaA
eSnku] cqansy•aM] mÙkj&iwohZ eSnku] iwohZ eSnku vkSj foaè; {ks=k z }hiksa esa 32 oxZ fdeh- 'kkfey gSaA y{k}hi dks jktèkkuh dojÙkh
esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA gS tks bldk çeq• 'kgj Hkh gSA
132. (c) z çkÑfrd ifjn`';] jsrhys leqæ rV] ouLifr;ksa vkSj thoksa dh
çpqjrk vkSj HkhM+&HkkM+ jfgr thou 'kSyh dh vuqifLFkfr y{k}hi
O;k[;k% voèk ds foy; ds ckn] igyk fczfV'k jktLo le>kSrk] ds egÙo dks c<+krh gSA
ftls 1856 ds ,deq'r cankscLr ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS] bl
134. (c)
èkkj.kk ij vkèkkfjr Fkk fd rkyqdnkj tehu esa dksbZ LFkk;h
fgLlsnkjh ugha j•rs Fks% mUgksaus cy vkSj èkks•kèkM+h ds ekè;e O;k[;k% vkSjaxtsc vius futh thou esa ,d dV~Vj lqUuh eqlyeku
ls Hkwfe ij viuh idM+ LFkkfir dj yh FkhA vr% dFku 1 FkkA og Hkkjr dks ,d bLykfed jkT; esa cnyus dk fopkj
lgh gSA j•rk FkkA
z ,deq'r cankscLr tgk¡ Hkh laHko gks rkyqdnkjksa dks gVkus ds z mlus eqgrflc uked ,d mPpkfèkdkj çkIr vfèkdkjh ds vèkhu
fy;s yk;k x;kA vk¡dM+s crkrs gSa fd iwoZ&fczfV'k dky esa] uSfrd lafgrk dks ykxw djus ds fy;s ,d vyx foHkkx cuk;kA
rkyqdnkjksa us voèk esa xk¡oksa dh dqy Hkwfe dk 67 çfr'kr vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA

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z mlds 'kklu dky ds nkSjku 'kjkc ihuk çfrcafèkr FkkA Hkkax z bl çdkj ;g fuokZpd eaMy fuEufyf•r nks ekeyksa esa jk"Vªifr
vkSj vU; u'khys inkFkks± dh •srh vkSj mi;ksx ij Hkh çfrcaèk ds fuokZpu ds fy;s çHkkoh fuokZpd eaMy ls vyx gS%
yxk fn;k x;k FkkA  blesa laln ds fuokZfpr vkSj euksuhr nksuksa lnL; 'kkfey

z vkSjaxtsc us eqxy njckj esa laxhr ij jksd yxk nh FkhA mlus gksrs gSa] tcfd jk"Vªifr ds ekeys esa dsoy fuokZfpr lnL;
>jks•k n'kZu dh çFkk dks Hkh can dj fn;kA 'kkfey gksrs gSaA
z mUgksaus n'kgjk ds mRlo dks Hkh can dj fn;k rFkk 'kkgh  blesa jkT; foèkkulHkkvksa ds lnL; 'kkfey ugha gksrs gSa

•xksyfonksa vkSj T;ksfrf"k;ksa dks Hkh lsok ls c•kZLr dj fn;k (jk"Vªifr ds ekeys esa jkT; foèkkulHkkvksa ds fuokZfpr
x;kA lnL; Hkh 'kkfey gksrs gSa)A
z mlus vius flDdksa ij vafdr dyek ds mi;ksx dks euk fd;k] vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
ukSjkst dks lekIr dj fn;k (D;ksafd ;g bZjku ds liQfon 138. (d)
'kkldksa }kjk lefFkZr ,d ikjlh çFkk Fkh) vkSj lrh çFkk ij
O;k[;k% ghfy;e ,d xSl gS] tSls& gok_ oLrqr% gok esa dqN ghfy;e
Hkh jksd yxk nhA
gksrk gSA ysfdu ghfy;e gok ls gYdk gksrk gSA ;fn vki leku
135. (a) ek=kk esa gok vkSj ghfy;e ysrs gSa vkSj ,d iSekus ij mudk
O;k[;k% la;qDr jk"Vª lklkdkok iqjLdkj vkink tksf•e çcaèku ds otu djrs gSa] rks ghfy;e dk o”ku de gksxkA ,slk blfy;s
{ks=k esa lcls çfrf"Br varjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj gSA gS D;ksafd ghfy;e de l?ku gksrk gSA
z ;g o"kZ 1986 esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj la;qDr jk"Vª vkink z pw¡fd ghfy;e gok ls gYdk gksrk gS] blfy;s ghfy;e dk

tksf•e U;wuhdj.k dk;kZy; (UNDRR) vkSj fuIikWu iQkmaMs'ku xqCckjk Åij mBrk gS] tSls gok dk cqycqyk vfèkd l?ku ty
}kjk la;qDr :i ls vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA esa Åij mBrk gSA
z $50,000 dk dqy vuqnku fotsrkvksa ds chp forfjr fd;k z gkbMªkstu gok vkSj ghfy;e nksuksa ls gh gYdk gksrk gSA fiQj

tkrk gS tks laxBu ;k O;fDr gks ldrs gSa ftUgksaus vius leqnk;ksa Hkh gkbMªkstu dk mi;ksx xqCckjksa esa ugha fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafd
esa vkink tksf•e dks de djus ds fy;s lfØ; ç;kl fd;s ;g vR;fèkd Toyu'khy gksrk gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
gSa ;k vkink tksf•e esa deh ds leFkZd gSaA z ghfy;e ,d fo'ks"k xSl gS ftls ^ukscy xSl* dgk tkrk gS]

vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA vFkkZr~ ;g Toyu'khy ugha gksrhA tc ghfy;e ls Hkjs xqCckjs
ds ikl ,d ekfpl tykrs gS] rks xqCckjk iQV tkrk gSA ysfdu
136. (b)
tc ,d gkbMªkstu ls Hkjs xqCckjs ds ikl ekfpl tykrs gSa rks
O;k[;k% gkekZsu dk mudh lzkoh xzafFk;ksa ds lkFk lgh feyku bl foLiQksV gksrk gSA
çdkj gSA z ,slk blfy;s gS D;ksafd gkbMªkstu cgqr vklkuh ls tyrk gSA

gkekZsu lzkoh xzafFk ;g vkWDlhtu ds lkFk feydj tyok"i cukrk gSA

FkkbjkWfDlu FkkbjkW;M 139. (c)

VsLVksLVsjkWu o`"k.k O;k[;k%

çkstsLVsjkWu vaMk'k;
balqfyu vXU;k'k;
vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA
137. (b)

O;k[;k% mijk"Vªifr dk pquko%

z mijk"Vªifr jk"Vªifr dh gh rjg çR;{kr% yksxksa }kjk ugha
cfYd vçR;{k fuokZpu dh i¼fr ls pquk tkrk gSA
z og laln ds nksuksa lnuksa ds lnL;ksa ls cus fuokZpd eaMy }kjk
pquk tkrk gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 32 32
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z Vªkal&lkbcsfj;u jsyos :l dk ,d çeq• jsy ekxZ gS tks if'pe Hkkjr esa nks çdkj dh xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daifu;ka¡ gSa%
z
esa lsaV ihVlZcxZ ls ckfYVd rV ds lkFk ç'kkar rV (tkiku 1. tek Lohdkj djus okyh foÙkh; daifu;ka%¡ tek Lohdkj
lkxj) ij OykfnoksLrksd ls iwoZ esa ekLdks] ÅiQk] uksoksflfcLdZ] djus okyh foÙkh; daifu;ka¡] xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daifu;ka¡
bjdqRLd] phrk vkSj •kcjksoLd ls xq”kjrk gSA vr% dFku 1 gSaA tks turk ls fuos'k daiuh vkSj ifjlaifÙk çcaèku tSlh
lgh gSA daiuh ds :i esa tek Lohdkj djrh gSaA
z ;g ,f'k;k dk lcls egÙoiw.kZ ekxZ gS vkSj nqfu;k esa lcls 2. xSj&tek Lohdkj djus okyh foÙkh; daifu;ka%¡ xSj&tek
yack (9,332 fdeh-) Mcy&VªSd vkSj fo|qrhÑr Vªkal& Lohdkj djus okyh foÙkh; daifu;ka¡ os xSj&cSafdax foÙkh;
lkbcsfj;u jsyos ekxZ gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA daifu;ka¡ gSa tks turk ls tek Lohdkj ugha djrh gSaA mUgsa
dsoy turk dks iSlk mèkkj nsus vkSj ½.k pqdkus dh
140. (c)
vuqefr gksrh gSA
O;k[;k% ekS;Z lkezkT; dkiQh cM+k Fkk] blds vyx&vyx fgLlksa ij vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
vyx&vyx rjhds ls 'kklu gksrk FkkA ikVfyiq=k ds vklikl 142. (d)
dk {ks=k lezkV ds lhèks fu;a=k.k esa FkkA
O;k[;k% lektokn jktuhfrd fopkjksa ds ,d lewg dks lanfHkZr djrk
z vU; tks {ks=k ;k çkar Fks buesa ls çR;sd ij r{kf'kyk ;k mTtSu
gS tks vkS|ksfxd iwathoknh vFkZO;oLFkk esa fo|eku ,oa mlds
tSlh çkarh; jktèkkuh dk 'kklu FkkA blds vykok] bu dsaæksa }kjk iqu% mRiUu vlekurkvksa dh çfrfØ;k ds :i esa mHkjkA
ds chp fo'kky {ks=k FksA ;gk¡ ekS;ks± us lM+dksa vkSj ufn;ksa dks lektokn dh eq[; fpark ;g gS fd ekStwnk vlekurk dks dSls
fu;af=kr djus dh dksf'k'k dh] tks ifjogu ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ de fd;k tk, vkSj fdl çdkj lalkèkuksa dks mfpr :i ls
Fks rFkk dj vkSj cfy ds :i esa tks Hkh lalkèku miyCèk Fks forfjr fd;k tk,A gkyk¡fd lektokn ds iSjksdkj iwjh rjg ls
mUgsa bdV~Bk djus dk ç;kl fd;kA mnkgj.k ds fy;s] dkSfVy; cktkj ds fojksèkh ugha gSa] os f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; ns•Hkky tSls
dk vFkZ'kkL=k gesa crkrk gS fd mÙkj if'pe dacy ds fy;s dqN çeq• {ks=kksa ij fdlh çdkj ds ljdkjh fofu;eu] fu;kstu
vkSj nf{k.k Hkkjr vius lksus vkSj dherh iRFkjksa ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ vkSj fu;a=k.k ds i{k esa gSaA
FkkA ;g laHko gS fd bu lalkèkuksa dks cfy ds :i esa ,d=k z ç[;kr lektoknh fopkjd jkeeuksgj yksfg;k us ik¡p çdkj
fd;k x;k gksA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA dh vlekurkvksa dh igpku dh ftuds fo#¼ ,d lkFk la?k"kZ
z v'kksd lcls çfl¼ ekS;Z 'kkld FkkA og igyk 'kkld Fkk djus dh t:jr gS% iq#"k ,oa efgyk ds chp vlekurk] Ropk
ftlus f'kykys•ksa ds ekè;e ls vius lans'k dks yksxksa rd ds jax ds vkèkkj ij vlekurk] tkfr vkèkkfjr vlekurk] dqN
igqa¡pkus dk ç;kl fd;kA v'kksd ds vfèkdka'k f'kykys• çkÑr ns'kksa dk nwljs ns'kksa ij vkSifuosf'kd 'kklu vkSj blds lkFk gh
vkfFkZd vlekurkA
Hkk"kk vkSj czkãh fyfi esa gSaA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
z muds vuqlkj bu ik¡p vlekurkvksa ds fo#¼ la?k"kZ ds fy;s
141. (d)
ik¡p Økafr;ksa dh vko';drk FkhA mUgksaus bl lwph esa nks vkSj
O;k[;k% xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daifu;ka¡ (NBFC) daiuh vfèkfu;e] Økafr;ksa dks tksM+k% futh thou ij vU;k;iw.kZ vfrØe.k ds
1956 ds rgr iathÑr ,d daiuh dks lanfHkZr djrh gSa tks fo#¼ ukxfjd Lora=krk dh Økafr vkSj vfgalk ds fy;s Økafr
½.k vkSj vfxze ds dkjksckj esa yxh gqbZ gS] ljdkj ;k LFkkuh; (lR;kxzg ds i{k esa gfFk;kjksa ds R;kx ds fy;s)A yksfg;k ds
çkfèkdj.k }kjk tkjh 'ks;jksa@[email protected]@fMcsapj@çfrHkwfr;ksa ds fy;s ;g lIr Økafr lektokn dk vkn'kZ FkhA vr% fodYi
(d) lgh gSA
vfèkxzg.k ;k leku :i ls vU; foi.ku ;ksX; çfrHkwfr;ksa dk
vfèkxzg.k djrh gSa tSls iV~Vs] fdjk;k&•jhn] chek O;olk;] 143. (d)
fpV O;olk; bR;kfnA O;k[;k% dkWij lYiQsV ,d 'kSokyuk'kh] thok.kquk'kd vkSj doduk'kh
z dksbZ xSj&cSafdax daiuh tks fdlh ;kstuk ;k O;oLFkk ds rgr gSA tc bls dSfY'k;e gkbMªkWDlkbM ds lkFk feyk;k tkrk gS
,deq'r ;k fd'rksa esa ;ksxnku ds :i esa ;k fdlh vU; rjhds rks bls cksMZsDl feJ.k ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
ls tek çkIr djrh gS] og Hkh ,d xSj&cSafdax foÙkh; daiuh z dkWij lYiQsV isaVkgkbMªsV vkSj csfld dkWij lYiQsV orZeku esa
(vof'k"V xSj&cSafdax daiuh) gSA iathÑr dhVuk'kd mRiknksa esa fufgr dkWij lYiQsV ds :i gSaA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 33 33
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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vuqç;ksx% z bl ;kstuk dk mís'; okf.kfT;d ifj;kstukvksa dh LFkkiuk ds

1. dkWij lYiQsV dk mi;ksx Ñf"k vkSj xSj&Ñf"k nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa fy;s ,d ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k cukuk vkSj 2th bFksukWy {ks=k esa
esa doduk'kh] 'kSoky] tM+ uk'kd vkSj 'kkduk'kh ds vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk gSA
:i esa fd;k tkrk gSA z bl ;kstuk ds rgr] 12 okf.kfT;d ifj;kstukvksa vkSj 10 çn'kZu
2. bldk mi;ksx jksxk.kqjksèkh vkSj eksyLduk'kh ds :i esa Hkh ifj;kstukvksa dks leFkZu nsus ds fy;s èku vkoafVr fd;k x;k
fd;k tkrk gSA gS tks bl çdkj gSa%
3. dkWij lYiQsV dk mi;ksx futZy :i esa lq•kus okys ,tsaV z pj.k&I (2018&19 ls 2022&23)% 6 okf.kfT;d vkSj 5
ds :i esa] moZjdksa vkSj •k| inkFkks± ds fy;s ,d ;kstd çn'kZu ifj;kstukvksa dk leFkZu fd;k tk,xkA
rRo ds :i esa vkSj dbZ vkS|ksfxd vuqç;ksxksa tSls diM+k] z pj.k&II (2020&21 ls 2023&24)% 'ks"k 6 okf.kfT;d vkSj
peM+k] ydM+h] cSVjh] L;kgh] isVªksfy;e] isaV vkSj èkkrq] 5 çn'kZu ifj;kstukvksa dk leFkZu fd;k tk,xkA
vkfn esa Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA bldk mi;ksx i'kq iks"k.k z ;kstuk ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa }kjk mRikfnr bFksukWy dh vkiwfrZ vfuok;Z
iwjd ds :i esa Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (d) :i ls rsy foi.ku daifu;ksa (OMCs) dks dh tk,xh rkfd
lgh gSA bFksukWy lfEeJ.k dk;ZØe (EBP) ds rgr lfEeJ.k çfr'kr
144. (a) dks vkSj c<+k;k tk ldsA
O;k[;k% iwathxr •ir HkÙkk (CCA)] ftls dHkh&dHkh ewY;ßkl ds z mPp çkS|ksfxdh dsaæ (lh-,p-Vh-)] isVªksfy;e vkSj çkÑfrd
:i esa tkuk tkrk gS] og jkf'k gS tks ,d ns'k dks vius orZeku xSl ea=kky; (,e-vks-ih- ,aM ,u-th-) ds rRokoèkku esa ,d
vkfFkZd mRiknu Lrj dks cuk, j•us ds fy;s gj lky •pZ rduhdh fudk;] ;kstuk ds fy;s dk;kZUo;u ,tsalh gksxhA
djuk iM+rk gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA ykHk
z iwath •ir HkÙkk (CCA) lexz vFkZO;oLFkk esa ewY;ßkl dks
z ;g ;kstuk nwljh ih<+h (2th) tSo b±èku çkS|ksfxdh dks c<+kok
lanfHkZr djrk gS vkSj bls ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ds çfr'kr ds ns jgh gS] igyh ih<+h (1th) esa bLrseky gksus okyh •k|
:i esa O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA iQlyksa ls iQhMLVkWDl] xSj&•k| iQlyksa ds Ñf"k vo'ks"kksa ;k
z ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ls iwathxr ykxr HkÙkk fudkyus ls ml o"kZ dpjs dh vksj c<+ jgh gSA
dk 'kq¼ ?kjsyw mRikn çkIr gksrk gSA
z xzhu gkml xSl mRltZu esa deh ds y{;ksa dks çkIr djus ds
z gkyk¡fd iwath •ir HkÙkk (CCA) esa cnyko vkfFkZd #>kuksa
fy;s thok'e b±èku dk çxfr'khy lfEeJ.k@çfrLFkkiu djukA
dh iqf"V dj ldrs gSa] fiQj Hkh ;g ,d fiNM+k vka¡dM+k gSA
z ck;ksekl@iQly vo'ks"kksa dks tykuk can djuk vkSj ukxfjdksa
z iwath •ir HkÙkk (CCA) tks fd th-Mh-ih- dk cgqr vfèkd
ds LokLF; esa lqèkkj djuk vkSj fdlkuksa dh vk; esa lqèkkj
çfr'kr •jkc vkfFkZd fodkl dk ladsr nsrk gSA
djukA
z iwath •ir HkÙkk (CCA) dh x.kuk ldy ?kjsyw mRikn (GDP)
z 2th bFksukWy ifj;kstukvksa vkSj ck;ksekl vkiwfrZ Ük`a•yk esa
ds çfr'kr ds :i esa dh tkrh gSA iwath •ir HkÙkk (CCA)
jks”kxkj ds volj iSnk djukA
dks vkoafVr ugha fd;s x, ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dk çfr'kr 'kq¼
z vif'k"V ck;ksekl vkSj 'kgjh dpjs tSls xSj&•k| tSo b±èku
?kjsyw mRikn dgk tkrk gS tks fuos'k O;; dks lanfHkZr djrk
gSA iQhMLVkWDl dk fuiVku djds LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku esa ;ksxnku
djukA
145. (a)
z vuqlaèkku vkSj fodkl dks c<+kok nsdj ns'k esa nwljh ih<+h ds
O;k[;k% Hkkjr ljdkj us çèkkuea=kh th&ou (tSo b±èku&okrkoj.k ck;ksekl ls bFksukWy çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dk fodklA
vuqdqy iQly vo'ks"k fuokj.k) ;kstuk dks eatwjh ns nh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
fyXukslsY;wyksfld ck;ksekl vkSj vU; uohdj.kh; iQhMLVkWd 146. (d)
dk mi;ksx djds nwljh ih<+h (2th) ds ,dhÑr ck;ks,FksukWy
ifj;kstukvksa ds fy;s O;ogk;Zrk xSi iQafMax (oh-th-,iQ-) }kjk O;k[;k% LED dk vFkZ çdk'k mRltZd Mk;ksM gksrk gS tks ,d
bl ;kstuk dks foÙkh; :i ls lefFkZr fd;k tk,xkA lkWfyM&LVsV ykbfVax (SSL) fMokbl gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 34 34
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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z bls lkWfyM&LVsV ykbfVax dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd míhIr vkSj 148. (a)
ÝyksjkslsaV ykbfVax rduhdksa ds foijhr] ,y-bZ-Mh- esa dksbZ xSl
O;k[;k% ,atkbeksa ds mRiknu ds fy;s Hkh lw{ethoksa dk mi;ksx fd;k
ç;qDr ugha gksrh gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA
tkrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s ykbist dk mi;ksx fMVts±V iQkWeZwys'ku
z blds ctk;] ÅtkZ dks ,d vèkZpkyd (vkerkSj ij ,d
esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g èkqykbZ esa diM+ksa ls rsy ds èkCcs dks
Bksl jklk;fud rÙo ;k ;kSfxd tks fctyh dk lapkyu dj gVkus esa enn djrk gSA
ldrk gS) ds ekè;e ls xqtkjk tkrk gS tks ,y-bZ-Mh- ykbV z LVªSIVksdkbust (Streptokinase) LVªSIVksdksdl (Streptococcus)
cYc dks çdk'k çnku djrk gSA thok.kq }kjk mRiUu gksrk gS] ftls tsusfVd bathfu;fjax }kjk
z ih&Vkbi (+) vkSj ,u&Vkbi (–) v¼Zpkydksa dks ,d lkFk la'kksfèkr fd;k tkrk gSA bldk mi;ksx mu jksfx;ksa dh jDr
tksM+us ij ,d ,y-bZ-Mh- ykbV curh gS tks ih-,u- taD'ku okfgdkvksa ls FkDdksa dks gVkus ds fy;s ^DykWV cLVj* ds :i
cukrh gSA esa fd;k tkrk gS tks ân;k?kkr ls xqtjrs gSaA
z igyk O;ogk;Z LED dk fud gksyksuhd }kjk otZ 1962 esa z ,d vU; tSo&lfØ; v.kq ^lkbDyksLiksfju&,* (Cyclosporin

fd;k x;k FkkA igyk O;ogk;Z LED fMLiys gsoysV&iSdkMZ A) gS ftldk ç;ksx vax&çR;kjksi.k ds jksfx;ksa esa ,d çfrj{kk
(HP) o"kZ 1968 esa fodflr fd;k x;k FkkA fujksèkd ,tsVa ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA bldk mRiknu VªkbdksMekZ
ikWyksLiksje (Trichoderma Polysporum) uked dod ls
147. (d)
fd;k tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA
O;k[;k% eq[;ea=kh dh fu;qfDr% z eksukWLdl ijI;wjhvl ;hLV ls mRikfnr LVSfVu (Statins) dk
z lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 164 esa dgk x;k gS fd eq[;ea=kh dh jDr&dkW f yLVª k W y de djus okys ,ts a V ks a ds :i es a
fu;qfDr jkT;iky djsxkA O;kolk;hdj.k fd;k x;k gSA dkWfyLVªkWy ds la'ys"k.k ds
 jkT; foèkkulHkk esa cgqer çkIr ny ds usrk dks ml jkT;
fy;s mÙkjnk;h ,atkbe Li¼kZ laneu (fujksèk.k) dh rjg fØ;k
djrs gSaA
ds eq[;ea=kh ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA
149. (b)
 jkT;iky ukeek=k dk dk;Zdkjh çkfèkdkj gS] okLrfod

dk;Zdkjh çkfèkdkj eq[;ea=kh ds ikl gSA vr% dFku 1 O;k[;k% edj js•k 10 ns'kksa ls gksdj xqtjrh gS tSlk fd fuEufyf•r
lgh ugha gSA fp=k esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS%
 gkyk¡fd jkT;iky dks çkIr foosdkèkhu 'kfDr;k¡ jkT;

ç'kklu esa eq[;ea=kh dh 'kfDr] vfèkdkj] çHkko] çfr"Bk

vkSj Hkwfedk dks dqN gn rd de dj nsrh gSaA
z ,d O;fDr tks jkT; foèkkueaMy dk lnL; ugha gS] mls Ng
ekg ds fy;s eq[;ea=kh ds :i esa fu;qDr fd;k tk ldrk gS_
ml le; ds Hkhrj mldk jkT; foèkkf;dk ds fy;s fuokZfpr 1. fpyh 2. vts±Vhuk 3. ijkXos 4. czkthy 5. ukehfc;k

gksdj vkuk vfuok;Z gS] vU;Fkk og eq[;ea=kh ugha jg tkrk gSA 6. cks R lokuk 7. lkmQFk viz Q hdk 8. eks t kfEcd 9. es M kxkLdj 10. vkWLVªsfy;k

Tropic of Capricorn Passes Tropic of Capricorn Passes

dk;Zdky Through Continents Through Water Bodies
z eq[;ea=kh dk dk;Zdky fuf'pr ugha gksrk gS vkSj og jkT;iky lkmQFk vizQhdk fganh egklkxj
ds çlkni;±r in èkkj.k djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA vizQhdk vVykafVd egklkxj
z tc rd mls foèkkulHkk esa cgqer dk leFkZu çkIr gS] rc vkWLVªsfy;k iz'kkar egklkxj
rd mls jkT;iky }kjk c•kZLr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 1. nf{k.k vesfjdk% fpyh] vts±Vhuk] ijkXos vkSj czkthyA
z jkT; foèkkulHkk mlds fo#¼ vfo'okl çLrko ikfjr dj mls 2. vÚhdk% ukehfc;k] cksRlokuk] nf{k.k vÚhdk] ekstkfEcd]
gVk ldrh gSA esMkxkLdj
z lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 167 ds rgr eq[;ea=kh jkT;iky vkSj jkT; 3. vkWLVªsfy;k
eaf=kifj"kn ds chp ,d dM+h ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 35 35
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150. (d) z leqæxqIr dh çfr"Bk vkSj çHkko Hkkjr ds ckgj Hkh FkkA phuh
lzksr ds vuqlkj] Jhyadk ds 'kkld es?koeZu us x;k esa ,d
O;k[;k% xqIr lkezkT; dk lokZfèkd foLrkj paæxqIr&I ds iq=k vkSj
mÙkjkfèkdkjh leqæxqIr (335&380 bZLoh) }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA ckS¼ eafnj cukus dh vuqefr ds fy;s leqæxqIr dks ,d
z og v'kksd ds foijhr FkkA v'kksd 'kkafr vkSj xSj&vkØkedrk fe'kujh Hkstk Fkk] ;g mls çnku fd;k x;k] rFkk eafnj
dh uhfr esa fo'okl djrk Fkk] tcfd leqæxqIr fgalk vkSj dks ,d fo'kky eBoklh çfr"Bku ds :i esa fodflr fd;k
fot; esa çlUu FkkA x;k FkkA
z muds njckjh dfo gfj"ks.k us vius laj{kd ds lSU; dk;Zokfg;ksa
z bykgkckn ds Lrqfr vfHkys•ksa dh ekusa rks ,slk çrhr gksrk gS
dk ,d Toyar ys•k&tks•k fn;k gSA ,d yacs f'kykys• esa]
fd leqæxqIr dks dHkh dksbZ ijkftr ugha dj ik;k rFkk mudh
dfo us mu yksxksa vkSj ns'kksa dk mYys• fd;k gS ftu ij
leqæxqIr us fot; çkIr dh FkhA ;g bykgkckn esa mlh LraHk ohjrk&iw.kZ lsukifrRo ds dkj.k mUgsa Hkkjr dk usiksfy;u dgk
ij mRdh.kZ gS ftl ij 'kkafrfç; v'kksd ds f'kykys• gSaA tkrk gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA

641] izFke ry] 21] iwlk jksM] 13@15] rk'kdan ekxZ] IykWV uacj&45 o 45-A g"kZ Vkoj&2] 36 36
MkW- eq[kthZ uxj] fnYyh djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh flfoy ykbUl] iz;kxjkt esu Vksad jksM] olqaèkjk dkWyksuh] t;iqj
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