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 2013

1. For each of the items (a) to (e) below, there is one correct answer. Encircle the letter which
shows the correct answer.

(a) The S.I. unit used to measure power is the .

A kilogram

B watt

C newton

D metre

(b) A kettle is switched on to boil water.

Which energy change occurs?

A Electrical energy to chemical energy

B Heat energy to chemical energy

C Heat energy to electrical energy

D Electrical energy to heat energy

(c) In which of the following circuits will the lamps not light?

A B

C D

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 (d) In which of the following diagrams is the path of the light ray correctly drawn?

A B

Plane mirror

Air
Water

C D

Plane mirror

Air
Water

(e) A car is moving at a constant speed.

Which one of the following statements is true?

A The acceleration of the car is zero.

B The acceleration of the car is increasing.

C The speed of the car is zero.

D The speed of the car is increasing.

[5]

[Total Question 1 = 5 marks]

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2 (a) Gary uses the apparatus in Fig. 2.1 to find the volume of a stone.

125

100 measuring
cylinder
75
water
ball of 50
string
beaker 25 stone

Fig. 2.1
The sentences below describe the procedure which Gary follows, but they are not in the
correct order.

A: Attach the stone using a piece of string.

B: Record the new volume of water in the cylinder.

C: Pour 75 cm3 of water in the measuring cylinder.

D: Subtract 75 cm3 from the volume recorded.

E: Gently lower the stone into the measuring cylinder.

F: Fully submerge the stone in the water.

Write the correct order in the boxes. The first one has been done for you.

C
[3]

(b) State two precautions which Gary should take when following the above procedure.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….[2]

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 (c) Fig. 2.2 below shows the bob of a simple pendulum moving between points P and Q.

P Q

Fig. 2.2

The bob moves from P to Q, and back to P, ten times in 9.36 s.

What is the period of the pendulum?

Period of pendulum = ……………………… [2]

(d) The width of a wooden block is measured using a vernier caliper as shown in Fig. 2.3
below.

0.5 cm 1.0 1.5

vernier
caliper

0 5 10

wooden
block

Fig. 2.3

What is the width of the wooden block?

Width of wooden block = …………………………… [3]

[Total Question 2 = 10 marks]

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3. Fig. 3.1 below shows an object placed at 6 cm from a plane mirror.

Plane mirror

object

cm 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 cm

Fig. 3.1

(a) Give one characteristic of the image formed by the plane mirror.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) On Fig. 3.1 above, draw the image of the object formed by the plane mirror.
[3]

(c) The object in Fig. 3.1 is moved 2 cm towards the mirror.

What is the distance between the new position of the object and its new image?

Distance between new position of object and new image = ………………………….. [1]

[Total Question 3 = 5 marks]

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4. A child uses a periscope to look at an object found on the other side of a high wall as shown in
Fig. 4.1. A magnified view of the cross-section of the periscope is shown in Fig. 4.2.

High wall

Fig. 4.1

0
45
Plane mirror, U
Light ray from
0
distant object
45

Plane mirror, V

0
45

0
45

Eye-piece
Fig. 4.2

(a) Using a protractor, draw the normal at the point where the light ray from the distant object
strikes the mirror U on Fig. 4.2.

[2]

(b) On Fig. 4.2, continue the ray of light to show how the light comes out of the eye piece of
the periscope. Indicate the direction of the light ray with arrows.

[2]

[Total Question 4 = 4 marks]

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5. Kate carries out an experiment to investigate which objects conduct electricity. She sets up a
circuit as shown in Fig 5.1 below.

object

Fig. 5.1

(a) Name an electric component which Kate can connect at Z to show whether a current
passes through the circuit.

………………………………………… [1]

(b) What is the name given to describe an object which does not conduct electricity?

…………………………………………. [1]

(c) Kate uses her circuit to test various objects. Tick ( ) the box beside each object which
conducts electricity.

A wooden half-metre rule

Graphite lead of a pencil

An uncoated paper clip

A piece of nylon string

[2]

[Total Question 5 = 4 marks]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows the values of various electrical quantities in a circuit.

12 V

2A

4Ω

Fig. 6.1

(a) Calculate the potential difference across the 4 Ω resistor.

Potential difference across the 4 Ω resistor = ……………………… [2]

(b) Calculate the total resistance of the circuit.

Total resistance = ………………………… [3]

[Total Question 6 = 5 marks]

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7. Two athletes, Jane and Mary, run a 200 m race.
Fig. 7.1 below shows the speed-time graph for the two athletes.

Study Fig. 7.1 carefully and answer the questions which follow.

Speed/(m/s)

Mary

10 Jane

0 5 10 15 20 25 Time/(s)

Fig. 7.1

(a) (i) Which one of the athletes has the greater acceleration?

………………………………….. [1]

(ii) Explain your answer to part (a)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) (i) Which one of the athletes wins the race?

…………………………………….. [1]

(ii) Explain your answer to part (b)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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 (c) Jane reaches a speed of 10 m/s at t = 8 s as shown in Fig. 7.1.

Calculate her acceleration between t = 0 s and t = 8 s.

Acceleration of Jane = ………………………… [2]

(d) On the speed-time graph in Fig. 7.1, shade the region representing the distance covered
by Jane during the time that she moves with constant speed.

[1]

(e) Calculate the distance covered by Jane during the time that she moves with constant
speed.

Speed of Jane = ……………………….. [2]

[Total Question 7 = 9 marks]

Please turn over this page

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8. Ben has a mass of 50 kg. Fig. 8.1 shows Ben playing on a swing.

1.80 m ground level

Fig. 8.1

Ben reaches a maximum height of 1.80 m above the ground at point X.

(a) What main form of energy does Ben have at point X?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) What happens to the energy stated in (a) as Ben moves from X to Y?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(c) Calculate the amount of energy which Ben has at point X.

Energy at point X = ……………………… [2]

(d) If the speed of Ben at Y is 5 m/s, calculate the amount of energy lost as Ben moves from
X to Y.

Energy lost = …………………………….. [3]

[Total Question 8 = 8 marks]

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 2014

1. For each item below, there is ONLY one correct answer.

Draw a circle around the letter which shows the correct answer.

(a) Fig. 1.1 shows a rocking chair which has a curved band of about half a metre.

curved band

0.5 m

Fig. 1.1

Which instrument will measure the length of the curved band most accurately?

A a metre rule B a tape measure

C a vernier caliper D a half metre rule

(b) Which one of the following is an example of a luminous object?

A Earth B Sun

C Moon D Mars

(c) Fig. 1.2 shows an electrical connecting wire.

P
Q

Fig. 1.2

Which one of the following statements is true?

A P is made of copper.

B Q is made of plastic.

C P is a conductor of electricity.

D Q is a conductor of electricity.

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 (d) The speed-time graph below represents the motion of an object.

speed

0
0 time

Which statement about this object is correct?

A The object is moving with uniform speed.

B The object is moving with decreasing speed.

C The object is moving with increasing speed.

D The object is moving with zero speed.

(e) A man regularly goes to the gym to lift weights.

200 N 200 N

2.0 m

Fig. 1.3

What is the work done by the man when he holds the weights as shown in Fig. 1.3?

A 0J B 200 J C 400 J D 800 J

[Total Question 1 = 5 marks]

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2. (a) Draw a line from each circuit symbol below to the correct name.

circuit symbol name

ammeter

bulb

cell

switch

A
resistor
[4]

(b) Paul’s bicycle has a front lamp and a rear lamp. Both lamps are connected to the same
battery as shown in Fig. 2.1.
battery

rear lamp
front lamp

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.2. shows the circuit diagram for the bicycle lamps.

12 Ω front rear
lamp 8Ω
lamp

Fig. 2.2

(i) Which type of circuit is shown in Fig. 2.2, series or parallel?

________________________ [1]

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 (ii) On Fig. 2.2, place letter X to show the position of a switch which will turn
only the front lamp on and off. [1]

(iii) On Fig. 2.2, place letter Y to show the position of a switch which will turn
both lamps on and off at the same time. [1]

(iv) Calculate the total resistance of the circuit shown in Fig. 2.2.

total resistance = _________________ [2]

[Total Question 2 = 9 marks]

3. (a) Fig. 3.1 shows four thermometers.

P Q R S
Fig. 3.1
Which one of the thermometers would you use to measure a temperature of 79 oC?

Thermometer ___________ [1]

Give a reason for your answer.

Reason: ______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ [1]

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(b) Fig 3.2 shows the same spring balance in three different situations: situation A, B and C.

The spring balance has a zero error.

A B C

Fig. 3.2

(i) State the value of the zero error shown in Fig. 3.2 A.

zero error = ______________ [1]

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 (ii) State one precaution which you should take when using the spring balance.

___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ [1]

(iii) A bag of apples is attached to the spring balance as shown in Fig. 3.2 B.

Calculate the real mass of the bag of apples shown.

real mass = ____________________ [2]

(iv) The real mass of a bag of fruits is 600 g.

On Fig. 3.2 C, draw an arrow to indicate the reading which the spring
balance would show.
[2]

[Total Question 3 = 8 marks]

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4. During winter, Naz often rubs her hands together to keep herself warm as shown in Fig. 4.1.

Fig. 4.1

(a) State the energy conversion that takes place as she rubs one hand against the other.

______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Table 4.1 below shows the average force which Naz and her friends, Jess and Tina, use
to rub one hand against the other in one movement.

Table 4.1

Naz Jess Tina

Average Force (N)

1.2 1.2 1.5

Average Distance (m)

0.08 0.06 0.06

(i) State the formula used to calculate work done.

_______________________________________________________________ [1]

(ii) Without any calculation, deduce from Table 4.1 who does the least amount of
work. Give two reasons for your answer.

Name: _____________________ [1]

Reason: ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________ [2]

(iii) Tina rubs her hands 8 times in 3 s. Calculate the average power which she
develops.

power = _________________[4]

[Total Question 4 = 9 marks] 36

5. (a) A car starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration for 5 s. It reaches a maximum
speed of 10 m/s. It then moves at this speed for 15 s.

speed/(m/s)

20

15

10

time/s
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Fig. 5.1

(i) On Fig. 5.1, draw a speed-time graph to illustrate the motion of the car.
[2]

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car.

acceleration = _____________________ [2]

(iii) Distinguish between speed and velocity.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ [2]

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5. (b) A truck moves 9 km west and then 12 km north as shown in Fig. 5.2.

12 km

9 km

Fig. 5.2

(i) Calculate the total distance travelled by the truck.

total distance = ____________________ [1]

(ii) Determine the displacement of the truck.

displacement = _______________________________ [3]

[Total Question 5 = 10 marks]

6. (a) Jay shines a ray of light at a mirror.

He measures the angle of reflection for different angles of incidence.

His results are shown in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1

angle of incidence ( 0 ) 30 40 50 60 70

angle of reflection ( 0 ) 30 40 50 65 70

State which angle was not measured accurately.

__________ [1]

Give a reason for your answer.

________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________ [1] 38
 (b) Fig. 6.1 shows a fish tank. The surface of the water acts like a mirror.

From its current position, the fish can see the toy windmill reflected at the surface of the
water.

surface
of water
(mirror)

Fig. 6.1

(i) Complete the ray diagram in Fig. 6.1 to show how the fish can see the toy windmill.

Use arrows to show the direction of travel of the ray of light.

[2]

(ii) Using a protractor, measure the angle of incidence.

angle of incidence = ___________________ [1]

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(c) Uncle Ben is looking at the toy windmill from above the fish tank as shown in Fig. 6.2.

air

water

Fig. 6.3

Fig. 6.2

(i) He sees the toy windmill because of refraction.

Explain what is meant by refraction.

___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ [2]

(ii) Using a ruler, draw a ray diagram on Fig. 6.2 to show how Uncle Ben can see the
toy windmill.

Use arrows to show the direction of travel of light.

[2]

[Total Question 6 = 9 marks]

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 2015

Question 1 (5 marks)

For each item below, there is only ONE correct answer.

Draw a circle around the letter which shows the correct answer.

(a) What form of energy is stored in a candle?

A Light

B Heat

C Sound

D Chemical

(b) Acceleration is a vector quantity. It has

A magnitude only.

B direction only.

C both magnitude and direction.

D neither magnitude nor direction.

(c) Kenny uses a measuring cylinder to measure the volume of some water.
Fig. 1.1 below shows part of the measuring cylinder he uses.

Fig. 1.1

What is the volume of water shown in Fig. 1.1?

A 46.5 cm3 B 46.0 cm3

C 45.5 cm3 D 45.0 cm3

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page41
(d) According to the laws of reflection, the angle of incidence is

A equal to the angle of reflection.

B less than the angle of reflection.

C greater than the angle of reflection.

D twice the angle of reflection.

(e) The potential difference across a component in a circuit relates to the

A rate of flow of charges in the component.

B amount of energy used by the component.

C resistance to the flow of charges in the component.

D amount of energy supplied by the cell to the component.

Question 2 (4 marks)

Two students conduct an experiment to measure the average speed of the toy cars shown in
Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1
Complete the table below to indicate:

1. two quantities the students need to measure to be able to find the speed of the toy cars;

2. which instrument they could use to measure each of these quantities.

Quantity Instrument

1. ____________________________ 1. ____________________________

2. ____________________________ 2. ____________________________

[4]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page42
Question 3 (3 marks)

Kevin holds a card with the word ‘TALL’ written on it in front of a plane mirror as shown in
Fig. 3.1.

back of the mirror

Fig. 3.1

(a) Which one of the following images of the word ‘TALL’ will Kevin see in the mirror? Encircle the
correct image.

[1]

(b) State one characteristic of an image formed by a plane mirror which is specifically illustrated in
part (a).

_________________________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) Give one application of the characteristic you mentioned in part (b).

____________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________ [1]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page43
Question 4 (9 marks)

Adil sets up circuit 1 using the components P, Q, R, S and T as shown in Fig. 4.1.

T
P

S A Q
circuit 1

Fig. 4.1

(a) In the table below, name the circuit components P, Q, R, S and T.

circuit component name

P
Q
R and S
T
[4]

(b) Components R and S in circuit 1 have resistances 2 Ω and 3 Ω respectively.

Calculate the combined resistance of components R and S in circuit 1.

combined resistance = ___________________ [2]

(c) Jay uses the same circuit components as Adil to set up circuit 2.
However, Jay arranges components R and S in parallel.
Calculate the combined resistance of components R and S in circuit 2.

combined resistance = ___________________ [3]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page44
Question 5 (8 marks)

(a) To find the diameter of a steel ball, Neel arranges three identical steel balls along a graduated
ruler as shown in Fig. 5.1.

steel balls
Diagram is not drawn to scale.

wooden
block

Fig. 5.1

(i) Use Fig. 5.1 to calculate the diameter of one steel ball. Show all your workings.

diameter of one steel ball = ______________________ [2]

(ii) Suggest a reason why Neel uses wooden blocks in the measurement.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________ [1]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page45
(b) Gary uses a vernier caliper to measure the diameter of a rubber ball as shown in Fig. 5.2.

Diagram is not drawn to scale.

Fig. 5.2

(i) What is the diameter of the ball which Gary measures?

diameter of ball = ____________________ [3]

(ii) State two precautions which have to be taken to get an accurate measurement of the
diameter of the rubber ball.

Precaution 1: ____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Precaution 2: ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________ [2]

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Question 6 (6 marks)

A train has an initial speed of 20 m/s.

It accelerates uniformly at 0.5 m/s2 for 30 s. At t = 30 s, it reaches speed v. It then moves at this
speed for an additional 15 s.

(a) Calculate speed v of the train at time t = 30 s.

speed v = __________________ [3]

(b) On Fig. 6.1, draw a speed-time graph to illustrate the motion of the train.

speed/(m/s)

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

time/s
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Fig. 6.1
[3]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page47
Question 7 (9 marks)

Nita has a mass of 40 kg. She is at the top of a water slide as shown in Fig. 7.1.
The height of the water slide is 12 m.
Nita takes 3 s to slide from point A to point C.

12 m B

6m C

Fig. 7.1

(a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of Nita at point A.

gravitational potential energy at point A = ______________ [3]

(b) (i) Assuming the frictional forces acting are negligible, state the kinetic energy that Nita has at
point B.

kinetic energy at point B = _____________ [1]

(ii) Explain your reasoning.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [2]

(c) What is the rate at which Nita loses potential energy while falling from point A to point C?

rate of energy loss = _________________ [3]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2015 Please turn over this page48
Question 8 (6 marks)

Poka and Ogu go fishing in a river as shown in Fig. 8.1.

Poka

Ogu

Fig. 8.1

(a) (i) Using your understanding of refraction of light, state who is more likely to hit the fish, Poka
or Ogu?

________________________ [1]

(ii) Explain why.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ [2]

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(b) Draw a ray diagram in Fig. 8.2 to illustrate your answer to part (a). Your diagram should
include the eye of the observer, arrows to indicate the direction of travel of light and the real
and apparent positions of the fish. Label your diagram clearly.

air
water

Fig. 8.2
[3]

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 2016

Question 1 (5 marks)

For each item below, there is ONLY one correct answer.

Draw a circle around the letter which shows the correct answer.

(a) Fig. 1.1 below shows a thermometer calibrated in degrees Celsius.

Fig. 1.1

What is the reading shown on the thermometer?

A 27oC B 37oC C 47oC D 57oC

(b) Which one of the following examples in Column A describes the correct form of
energy shown in Column B?

Column A Column B
A Energy due to the bonding in atoms and molecules Heat
B Energy due to the vibrations of air when playing the flute Sound
C Energy due to the position of person on a mountain Kinetic
D Energy due to the flow of charges during lightning Chemical

(c) Fig. 1.2 shows the picture of an electrical switch.

push-button

base

contact
Fig. 1.2

Which one of the following materials would you use to make the base, the contact and
the push-button for the switch?

Base Contact Push-button

A Wood Brass Plastic
B Wood Plastic Brass
C Brass Wood Plastic
D Plastic Wood Brass
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(d) Which one of the following speed-time graphs below shows a car at rest?

Speed / (m/s) Speed / (m/s)

0 time/s 0 time/s

A B

Speed / (m/s) Speed / (m/s)

0 time/s 0 time/s

C D

(e) Fig. 1.3 shows an empty glass placed in front of a striped wall.

Why do the straight horizontal lines appear curved when viewed through the glass?

A Light is reflected by the glass.

B Light is blocked by the glass.

C Light is inverted by the glass.

D Light is refracted by the glass.

Fig. 1.3

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016 52

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 Question 2 (4 marks)

A rope and a pulley are used to lift a bucket of bricks from the ground to the top of a building
as shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1

You want to find the increase in the potential energy of the bucket of bricks after it is lifted
from the ground to the top of the building.

By completing the table below, say

(a) which two quantities you would need to measure.

(b) the unit in which you will measure each quantity.

(c) the instrument you would use to measure each quantity.

Quantity Unit Instrument

1. ___________________ __________________ __________________

2. ___________________ __________________ __________________

[4]

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Question 3 (5 marks)

During a science fair, Danny connects his bicycle to a motor as shown in Fig. 3.1.
As he pedals his bicycle, one of the wheels turns the motor on.

Fig. 3.1

Based on Figure 3.1, complete sentences (a) to (c), using the words from the list below.

potential chemical heat electrical kinetic light

(a) When Danny pedals the bicycle, ________________ energy in his muscles is

transformed into ________________ energy and the motor rotates. This energy is

converted into ________________ energy in the wires.

(b) The energy in the wires is then transformed into ________________ energy as the
bulb is switched on.

(c) When the bulb is on, some of the energy in it is wasted as ________________ energy.
[5]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016 54

Question 4 (9 marks)
snail
(a) Below are some units of speed.

m/s km/h mm/s

Which of these units would be the most appropriate to state the speed of a snail crawling?

___________________________ . [1]

Give a reason for your answer.

_____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) An airliner moving at a constant speed of 80 m/s accelerates uniformly

to a speed of 190 m/s in 44s.

Calculate the acceleration of the airliner.

acceleration = ______________ [2]

(c) A bus travels from Curepipe to Vacoas. During its journey, the bus reaches a
maximum speed of 80 km/h. Its average speed between the two towns is 48 km/h.

(i) Why is the average speed of the bus less than its maximum speed?

_________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ [1]

(ii) The bus takes 20 minutes to reach Vacoas.

Calculate the distance between Curepipe and Vacoas.

distance = ________________ [4]

55
© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016
Question 5 (9 marks)

Fig. 5.1 below shows a simple electric circuit.

4.5 V

3Ω

P Q R S

5Ω

Fig. 5.1

(a) How are the two resistors in the circuit connected?

They are connected in ___________________. [1]

(b) Define the term ‘potential difference’.

_____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) State the value of the potential difference between Q and R.

potential difference = __________ [1]

(d) Calculate the current in the 5 Ω resistor.

current = ___________ [4]

(e) State how the current flowing along PQ compares with

1. the current in each of the two resistors,

______________________________________________________________ [1]

2. the current flowing along RS.

______________________________________________________________ [1]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016 56

Question 6 (5 marks)

A student uses the equipment shown in Fig. 6.1 to determine the volume of a stone. He
begins by pouring some water into the measuring cylinder.

Fig. 6.1

(a) Write down the next step he should take.

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) Give one precaution he should take in the step you mentioned in part (a).

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(c) He then drops the stone carefully into the measuring cylinder.
Why is it better to lower the stone into the measuring cylinder by using a piece of string?

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(d) What will he observe after dropping the stone into the measuring cylinder?

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(e) Explain how the student can find the volume of the stone.

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

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Question 7 (5 marks)

Fig. 7.1 shows a motorcycle moving past a car at rest in a car park.
The mass of the motorcycle is 500 kg.
It travels at a constant speed of 12 m/s.

(a) Calculate the kinetic energy of the motorcycle.

Fig. 7.1

kinetic energy = ___________ [2]

(b) The mass of the car is three times that of the motorcycle.

Two friends, Adi and Bala, make the following statements:

Adi
The car has more kinetic
energy than the motorcycle. Bala
The motorcycle has more
kinetic energy than the car.

(i) According to you, who is right, Adi or Bala?

__________________________ [1]

(ii) Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________ [2]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016 58

Question 8 (8 marks)

Fig. 8.1 shows a girl looking at her reflection in a mirror on the wall.

Study Fig. 8.1 carefully and answer the questions which follow.

mirror

wall

Fig. 8.1

(a) Draw a normal at O on Fig. 8.1. [1]

(b) State the value of the angle of incidence at point O.

angle of incidence = __________ o [2]

(c) On Fig 8.1,

(i) complete the ray diagram. Use an arrow to show the direction of travel of
the light, [1]

(ii) label the ray diagram to show the incident and reflected rays, the angle of
incidence (i) and the angle of reflection (r), [1]

59
© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016
 (iii) use a double arrow ( ), to clearly mark the portion of the girl’s body that she
cannot see reflected in the mirror. Label this portion X. [1]

(d) Suggest what could be done for the girl to be able to see the reflection of her whole
body in the mirror?

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

(e) One characteristic of the image formed by a plane mirror is that it is virtual.

What do you understand by the term ‘virtual’?

__________________________________________________________________ [1]

© MoE&HR, TE&SR & MES 2016 60

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