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SPCh4L2 5

This document provides examples and explanations about interval estimates and confidence intervals. It discusses key concepts like point estimates, confidence levels, and using z-distribution vs t-distribution based on whether the population standard deviation is known and the sample size.

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Nosh Jimenez Valdez
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
25 views

SPCh4L2 5

This document provides examples and explanations about interval estimates and confidence intervals. It discusses key concepts like point estimates, confidence levels, and using z-distribution vs t-distribution based on whether the population standard deviation is known and the sample size.

Uploaded by

Nosh Jimenez Valdez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics & Probability

Estimation of Parameters
Chapter 4
Interval Estimates
A Recap
Lesson 2.5
Learning Objective
Learning Objective
construct interval estimates with greater accuracy
Example 1
This refers to the best point estimate for the population mean.
Example 1
This refers to the best point estimate for the population mean.

(ans.: sample mean)


Example 2
This refers to the probability that an interval estimate contains the true
population mean.
Example 2
This refers to the probability that an interval estimate contains the true
population mean.

(ans.: confidence level)


Example 3
True or False:
The confidence level is equal to twice the area between 0 and the
critical z-value.
Example 3
True or False:
The confidence level is equal to twice the area between 0 and the
critical z-value.

(ans.: True)
Example 4
True or False:
The critical z-value depends on the sample size n.
Example 4
True or False:
The critical z-value depends on the sample size n.

(ans.: False, z-value only depends on confidence level, t-


value on the other hand depends on BOTH confidence
level and sample size)
Example 5
True or False:
When using t-distribution, given the same sample size, a decrease in
the confidence level will cause an increase in the critical t-value.
Example 5
True or False:
When using t-distribution, given the same sample size, a decrease in
the confidence level will cause an increase in the critical t-value.

(ans.: False; in t-distribution, confidence level and t-value


are directly proportional, while sample size and t-value
are inversely proportional, provided other variables
remain the same)
Example 6
A doctor wants to estimate the mean height of high schoolers in a
particular small town. The doctor takes a simple random sample of
high schoolers in the small town and finds the sample mean to be 5
feet 4 inches with standard deviation of 2.5 inches.

If the doctor was to make a confidence interval, what distribution


should be used?

(ans.: t-distribution; σ is unknown)


Example 6
A doctor wants to estimate the mean height of high schoolers in a
particular small town. The doctor takes a simple random sample of
high schoolers in the small town and finds the sample mean to be 5
feet 4 inches with standard deviation of 2.5 inches.

If the doctor was to make a confidence interval, what distribution


should be used?
Example 7
A doctor wants to estimate the mean height of high schoolers in a
particular small town. The doctor takes a simple random sample of
high schoolers in the small town and finds the sample mean to be 5
feet 4 inches with standard deviation of 2.5 inches.

Calculate the margin of error considering a 90% confidence interval.


Example 8
A company manufactures light bulbs that have a length of life that is
normally distributed with a standard deviation of 50 hours. A
researcher takes a sample of 50 bulbs to investigate their mean life.

If the researcher was to make a confidence interval, what distribution


should be used?
Example 8
A company manufactures light bulbs that have a length of life that is
normally distributed with a standard deviation of 50 hours. A
researcher takes a sample of 50 bulbs to investigate their mean life.

If the researcher was to make a confidence interval, what distribution


should be used?

(ans.: z-distribution; σ is known AND n ≥ 30)


Example 9
A company manufactures light bulbs that have a length of life that is
normally distributed with a standard deviation of 50 hours. A
researcher takes a sample of 50 bulbs to investigate their mean life.

Calculate the lower confidence limit considering a 99% confidence


interval.
Example 10
It is known that the standard deviation of the weight of a certain
breed of dog in the Philippines is 2.3 kg. A veterinarian takes a
random sample of 14 dogs.

If the veterinarian was to make a confidence interval, what


distribution should be used?
Example 10
It is known that the standard deviation of the weight of a certain
breed of dog in the Philippines is 2.3 kg. A veterinarian takes a
random sample of 14 dogs.

If the veterinarian was to make a confidence interval, what


distribution should be used?

(ans.: t-distribution; σ is known BUT n < 30)


Example 11
It is known that the standard deviation of the weight of a certain
breed of dog in the Philippines is 2.3 kg. A veterinarian takes a
random sample of 14 dogs.

Calculate the upper confidence limit, considering a 95% confidence


interval.

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