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CIM Introduction

The document discusses computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) and its key components and benefits. CIM involves the integration of computer systems and automation technologies across manufacturing operations. It aims to improve efficiency, flexibility, quality and reduce costs through integrated design, production and management processes.

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23 views

CIM Introduction

The document discusses computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) and its key components and benefits. CIM involves the integration of computer systems and automation technologies across manufacturing operations. It aims to improve efficiency, flexibility, quality and reduce costs through integrated design, production and management processes.

Uploaded by

arpitb211219pe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer

Integrated
Manufacturing
D R . P R ANESH D U T TA
A S S I STANT P ROFESS OR
ME D, N I TC

Email: [email protected]
Introduction
The role of computers in manufacturing may be broadly classified into two
groups:

1. Computer monitoring and control of the manufacturing process. (i.e., CNC)

2. Manufacturing support applications, which deal essentially with the


preparations for actual manufacturing and post-manufacture operations.
(i.e., CAD, CADD, CAE, CAM, CAPP, CAQ, CAT)

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 2


Support Applications
➢ CAD (Computer Aided Design): develop the geometric model of the
product.

➢ CADD (Computer Aided Design and Drafting): combining the CAD


function with drafting to generate the production drawings.

➢ CAE (Computer Aided Engineering): to support basic error checking,


analysis, optimization, manufacturability, etc., of a product design.

➢ CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing): develop the Computer


Numerical Control part programs.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 3


Support Applications
➢ CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning): generate the process plans for the
complete manufacture.

➢ CAQ (Computer Aided Quality Assurance): assessing the inspection methods


and developing the quality control and assurance functions.

➢ CAT (Computer Aided Testing): software tools that can examine the response
of the system against the expected results.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 4


Design Process
➢ Product Engineering

Product functions, Product specifications, Conceptual design,


Ergonomics and Aesthetics, Standards, Detailed design, Prototype
development, Testing, Simulation, Analysis and Drafting.

➢ Manufacturing Engineering

Process Planning, Tooling, Manufacturing Information generation


(CNC programming, i.e., MasterCAM), Product organization, Market
and Distribution.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 5


Fig1: Stages in Design process
1CAD/CAM: Principle and applications, P.N. Rao, (McGraw-Hill companies) COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 6
Fig1: The product cycle in a computerized
manufacturing environment
1CAD/CAM: Principle and applications, P.N. Rao, (McGraw-Hill companies) COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 7
Computer Integrated
Manufacturing
➢ Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is the integration of total
manufacturing enterprise by using integrated systems and data
communication coupled with new managerial philosophies that
improve organizational and personnel efficiency. (as defined by
Society of Manufacturing Engineers)

➢ Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) makes the use of


computer controlled machineries and automation system in
manufacturing products. CIM combines various technologies to
provide an error free manufacturing process that reduces manual
labor and automates repetitive tasks.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 8


What is CIM?
➢ CIM is the integration of all enterprise operations and activities
around a common corporate data repository.

➢ It is the use of integrated systems and data communications coupled


with new managerial philosophies.

➢ CIM is not a product that can be purchased and installed. It is a way


of thinking and solving problems.

➢ This integration allows individual processes to exchange information


with each other and initiate actions.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 9


Potential Benefits of CIM
➢ Improved customer service ➢ Greater flexibility and responsiveness

➢ Improved quality ➢ Improved competitiveness

➢ Shorter time to market with new ➢ Lower total cost


products
➢ Shorter customer lead time
➢ Shorter flow time
➢ Increase in manufacturing
➢ Reduced inventory levels productivity

➢ Improved schedule performance ➢ Decrease in work-in process inventory

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 10


Key challenges
➢ Integration of components from different suppliers: When different
machines, such as CNC, conveyors and robots, are using different
communications protocols.

➢ Data integrity: The higher the degree of automation, the more critical is
the integrity of the data used to control the machines. While the CIM
system saves on labor of operating the machines, it requires extra human
labor in ensuring that there are proper safeguards for the data signals that
are used to control the machines.

➢ Process control: Computers may be used to assist the human operators of


the manufacturing facility, but there must always be a competent engineer
on hand to handle circumstances which could not be foreseen by the
designers of the control software.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 11


Automation in Production
Systems

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 12


What is CAD?
1. Integration of CS techniques in engineering design.

2. Use of computers(hardware & software)for designing products.

3. Numerical method, optimizations etc.

4. 2D/3D drafting.

5. 3D modeling – An aid to visualization

➢ Lines, curves, surfaces, solids, mechanism, assemblies, etc.

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 13


2D Model drafting

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 14


3D Model drafting
COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 15
3D Surface Model 3D line Model

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 16


Assembly Modelling
COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 17
Aspects of CAD
❖Modeling

❖Display/Visualization

❖Applications

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 18


What to do model
❖ Analysis and Optimization

➢Displacement analysis

➢Stress analysis

➢Failure analysis

➢Optimization of geometry

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 19


Main objective of CAD model

Rhinoceros 3D
medical software
and Solidworks
MasterCAM

CAD/CAM Integration

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 20


Meaning of Modelling
❖Define an object

➢How to define an object

▪ Relate different features

▪ Relate different objects

❖Define a coordinate system

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 21


Displaying
❖Visualization

❖Map on screen coordinates

❖Shading

❖Hidden line/surface removal

❖Projection

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 22


Input devices
Scanner
❖Digital Devices Keyboard

◦ Light Pen
Digital
◦ Tablet and Pen Camera
Input
❖Analog Devices Graphics
devices

Tablet
◦ Tracker Ball

◦ Joystick
Mouse Tracker
Joystick ball

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 23


Output/Display Devices
Flatbed Plotter CRT Display
Printer/Plotter
◦ Flatbed Plotter, Drum plotter

Raster Refresh Display Output


devices
◦ Screen is divided in array of points

◦ Refresh 40-50 times per second

Inkjet Printer
Drum Plotter

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 24


Raster Displays
❖Screen is a matrix of points

❖Each point (pixel) can be bright/dark

❖Lines & curves as series of bright pixels

➢Stair case effect


◦ Line should appear straight

◦ Terminate correctly

◦ Speed of Drawing must be fast

COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING, NITC, MED 25

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