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Lab Report Format (6) by Karam

The document describes an experiment to determine the molar mass of butane gas. Water is added to a graduated cylinder and butane gas is released into it from a lighter. The mass difference of the lighter before and after releasing gas is used to calculate the gas volume. Calculations using the ideal gas law yield a molar mass of 47.6 g/mol, which is 18% lower than the accepted value.

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karamict8
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16 views

Lab Report Format (6) by Karam

The document describes an experiment to determine the molar mass of butane gas. Water is added to a graduated cylinder and butane gas is released into it from a lighter. The mass difference of the lighter before and after releasing gas is used to calculate the gas volume. Calculations using the ideal gas law yield a molar mass of 47.6 g/mol, which is 18% lower than the accepted value.

Uploaded by

karamict8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Report

ALfaisal University

Chemistry Department

The code of the syllabi

Experiment No.

Title of the Experiment

Student name: karam faroun

Student ID: 240419

Submission date:
Lab Report

Aim
to figure out butane's molar mass. After determining the butane's
molar
mass by experimentation, the objective is to calculate the percentage
inaccuracy in relation to the theoretical value. In the end, we figure
out
the percentage error calculated using the theoretical value
Introduction
Water will be poured into a graduated cylinder and submerged in a
pail of water. A lighter will be inserted into the cylinder once it has
been filled with 70 milliliters of water, and gas will be discharged
until the cylinder is empty. The quantity of grams of gas evacuated is
then determined by weighing the lighter both before and after
discharge. We'll do it several times and average the results to get
better accuracy. Before flipping the graduated cylinder and placing it
in a bucket of water, we will add water to it. Before we empty the
cylinder of water, we will insert a lighter inside and release gas. Using
the cylinder's weight both before and after the gas is released, we may
calculate the volume of gas expelled. To find butane's molar mass,
we'll use the molar mass equation, the law of Gay-Lussac. The
combined Boyle and Charles gas laws will be applied.
Boyles' law: P2V2=P1V1
Charles law: V2/T2 = V1/T1
Put together, P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
Avogadro’s law: V1/n1=V2/n2
And n=m/MM.

temperature is 23 C = 296.15 K. The gas pressure in this temperature


is 0.027 atm. Atmospheric pressure in the day of the experiment was
1.013 atm One mole of butane at stp has 22.4 L. The experimental
pressure, temperature, and volume are now known. Consequently, we
are able to compute the volume in STP. Furthermore, the molarity of
butane at STP is known. As a result, we may use Avogadro's law to
get the number of moles in the volume computed at STP. We now
know the mass and the number of moles. This allows us to determine
the molar mass. We will then compare it to the actual molar mass and
calculate the experiment's error percentage. Next, we will determine
butane's molar mass.

Methods/ Procedures

Water should be filled into a bucket, a graduated cylinder should be


filled with water, the graduated cylinder should be placed in the
bucket,
a lighter should be placed inside the graduated cylinder, gas should be
released to empty 70 milliliters of the graduated cylinder, the lighter
should be dried out to determine its mass, the mass difference
between
the cylinder before and after the gas release should be calculated, the
measurements should be repeated three times, the average mass
between the three attempts should be determined, and calculations
should be made. Then we Determine molar mass.

Results
Ptotal=pgas+p pressure
0.99581-0.0278= 0.96801

P1v1/t1=p2v2/t2
P1=0.99581
P2=1atm
T2=273
V1=0.07
T1=296

P1v1t2/p2t1=0.99581x0.07x273/1x296=0.064

V1/n1=v2/n2
N2=1
V2=22.4L
V1=0.064
N1=v1n2/v2=0.04/22.4=0.0028
Average mass=0.1333
Molar mass=0.1333/0.0028=47.6

Percentage of error =47.6-58.1/58.1=18 percent

Discussion

The measured molar mass is 47.6 Percentage of error =47.6-


58.1/58.1=18 percent
There are several potential causes for this mistake = 18.829% gas
from
lighter being collected in a container. Water most likely flooded the
lighter while the butane vapor was being released. It is important
that
the lighter be totally dry before final massing. There might be a
number
of causes for this mistake, such as: the lighter's gas is being poured
into
a container.
Water most likely flooded the lighter while the butane vapor was
being
released. It is important that the lighter be totally dry before final
massing.

Conclusion
There is a noticeable similarity between the computed and real molar
masses. Dryness is a need for an accurate mass measurement of the
graduate. Our experiment's butane molar mass, which differs by
12.25% from the expected value, is determined to be 47.6
Reference
Works used as reference must be cited**, this includes your textbook

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