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VirtualCalorimetryLab 1

This document describes an experiment using calorimetry to measure the heat of chemical reactions. Students will use an online simulation to determine the enthalpy change of different reactions by measuring the temperature change of the reaction mixture. Equations relating heat, temperature change, and enthalpy are provided. Data from a sample reaction of HCl and NaOH is given to work through calculations and answer analysis questions.

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Colb MLG
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16 views

VirtualCalorimetryLab 1

This document describes an experiment using calorimetry to measure the heat of chemical reactions. Students will use an online simulation to determine the enthalpy change of different reactions by measuring the temperature change of the reaction mixture. Equations relating heat, temperature change, and enthalpy are provided. Data from a sample reaction of HCl and NaOH is given to work through calculations and answer analysis questions.

Uploaded by

Colb MLG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 3

Laboratory Report— Calorimetry: Measuring the Heat of a Reaction

Name:

Introduction: For this experiment, you will be determining the enthalpy of a chemical reaction and how
much heat was absorbed or extracted from the surroundings.

Equations:

q = mCs∆T

ΔT = Tfinal – Tinitial (in units of either °C or Kelvin)

H = qreaction

qabsorbed = -qreleased

qcalorimeter = Ccalorimeter ∆Trxn

qsolution = msolutionCwater∆Trxn

Cwater = 4.184 J/gOC

msolution = mass of reactant #1 and water

qreaction = qsolution + qcalorimeter

percent error:

Procedure: Part I

1. Log onto the following site: https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_chem/chem_sim/calorimetry/Calor.php


2. You will see the following screen:
3. Click on “Solids” ➔”Choose a Solid” ➔ NaOH. Set the Mass to any number of grams and keep
the temperature at 20.0 C. Record your numbers in the data table.
4. Click “Next”
5. Click on “Liquids” ➔”Choose a Liquid” ➔ H2O. Set the Mass to any number of grams and keep
the temperature at 20.0 C. Record your numbers in the data table.
6. Check off “Show Specific Heat” (Cs)
7. Click “Next”
8. Under “Run Experiment” Select “Show Graph View” (and optional “Show Microscopic View”).
9. Click “Start” and wait for the reaction to complete (when the temperature has plateaued)
10. Record the temperature change in the data table.
11. Calculate the following for each reaction: the heat absorbed/heat released by each the type of
reaction (exothermic or endothermic).
12. Click “Reset” once you are finished.
13. Repeat steps 3 – 12 for the other reactions.

Reaction Mass (g) Total Mass (g) Temperature (℃) Temperature (℃) H = q of reaction Reaction
Initial Final type (exo
or endo)

#1
Sodium
Hydroxide

#1 Water
#2 Lithium
Chloride

#2 Water

#3 Potassium
Hydroxide

#3 Water

#4 Unknown
Metal I

#4 Water

#5 Unknown
Metal II

#5 Water

#6
Ammonium
Nitrate
#6 Water

#7 Aluminum

#7 Water

#8 Iron

#8 Water

Procedure: Part II

For this part of the lab, you will analyze recorded data for a reaction between HCl and NaOH in a
calorimeter. Look at the data to answer the questions below. Note, this data is based off the procedure
from your lab guide.

Time Temperature (oC)Trial 1 Temperature (oC)Trial 2


T1 = Initial Temperature (t=0
minutes) 26.00 oC 26.08 oC

t = 1 min 26.95 oC 27.05 oC

t = 2 min 27.74 oC 28.00 oC


t = 3 min 28.48 oC 28.89 oC

t = 4min 29.14 oC 29.29 oC

t = 5 min 29.35 oC 29.18 oC

T2 = Highest Temperature after


mixing

ΔTrxn = Tfinal – Tinitial

B. Calculations:

1. Calculate the qsolution for each trial. Show all work.

2. Calculate the qcalorimeter for each trial. Show all work.

3. Calculate the qreaction for each trial. Show all work.

4. Convert qreaction for each trial to kJ.

5. Calculate a percent error given that the true value is 5.77 kJ

C. Questions:

1. If the calorimetry experiment was used to measure the heat of reaction for an endothermic process,
what would have been different about the observed change in temperature?

2. When calculating the heat of reaction why did we have to add in C calorimeterΔT?
3. Why were we able to assume that the Csolution = Cwater?

4. The data collected today may have shown a decrease in temperature after several minutes of
constant temperature. What does the eventual decrease in temperature tell us about the calorimeter?

5. In a calorimetry experiment similar to the one performed today, a student used 50.0 mL of 1.0 M
NaOH and 50.0 mL of 1.0 M HCl each initially at 22.5 °C. The maximum temperature observed after
mixing was 28.0 °C. What is the heat of reaction in units of kJ? Show all work.

6. The true value for the experiment described in the previous question is 2.89 kJ. Calculate the % error.

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