Mathematics 7

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 15
Square Root of Rational and
Irrational Numbers
Mathematics Grade 7
Quarter 1 – Self-Learning Module 15: Square Root of Rational and Irrational
Numbers
First Edition, 2020

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Mathematics 7
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 15
Square Root of Rational and
Irrational Numbers
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 7 Self-Learning Module on Square Root of

Rational and Irrational Numbers!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning module.
For the Learner:
Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 7 Self-Learning Module on Square
Root of Rational and Irrational Numbers!
This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

Module 15: Square Root of Rational and Irrational

Numbers
1. Describe principal roots and tell whether they are rational or irrational.

2. Determine between what two integers the square root of a number is.

PRETEST

Directions: Read and analyze each questions. Write only the letter of your answer.
1. What is the positive root of √64 ?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
2. Which of the following has a rational principal root ?
A. √8 B. √35 C. √81 D. √90
3. Which of the following has an irrational principal root ?
A. √1 B. √12 C. √81 D. √100
4. Between which two integers does the √50 lie?
A. 4 and 5 B. 5 and 6 C. 6 and 7 D. 7 and 8
5. Which number whose principal root lies between 8 and 9?
A. 48 B. 60 C. 77 D. 85

RECAP

Directions: For items 1-3, determine if the given number is rational or irrational.
Write your answers only.
____________________1. Negative number, zero and positive numbers
____________________2. 6.12345….. non-terminating and non-repeating decimals
____________________3. Terminating and repeating decimals
4. What is a rational number?
5. What is an irrational number?
 LESSON

In this self-learning lesson, we will be studying how to describe principal roots

and tell whether they are rational or irrational. And we will also try to determine
between what two integers the square root of a number is.

On Luisa’s 7th birthday, she received a cell phone

from her parents. She excitedly explored her new cell
phone. Out of curiosity, she opened the calculator
function and pressed 12 = , 22 = , 32 =, … 202 = . She
listed down the results on a tabular form.

12 = 1 62= 36 112 = 121 162= 256

22= 4 72= 49 122= 144 172= 289
32= 9 82= 64 132= 169 182= 324
42= 16 92= 81 142= 196 192= 361
52= 25 102= 100 152= 225 202= 400

From the given table, numbers 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, … 324, 361 and 400 are
examples of perfect square numbers. Perfect square number is the result when
multiplying the number to itself.

Square Root of a Number

Since you are now familiar with perfect square numbers, let us now determine
the square root of a number.

Example 1: Find the √9.

Solution:
We know that 9 is a perfect square since, 32 = 3 x 3 = 9.
To get the square root of a number, think of a number that when you
multiplied to itself the result is 9.
Since 3 x 3 = 32, therefore, √9 = 3, but we can also say that (-3)(-3) is also 9.
Thus, the square roots of 9 are (3) and (-3), which are both integers.
Since 9 is a perfect square and have a roots of integers, then we can also say
that perfect square is any number whose square root is an integer.
Every positive integers has both positive and negative square root. The positive
or the nonnegative square root of a number is called principal square root. Finding
the square root of a number is the inverse operation of squaring a number.
In √𝑵 = a, the symbol √𝑁 is called radical sign that is used to indicate positive
square root, N is called the radicand and a is the root. In the example √9 = 3, √𝟗 is
called radical where 9 is the radicand and 3 is the square root.
 For all positive number N, the square root of N is the nonnegative number a
if and only if a2 = N.

Example 2: Find the √25.

Solution:
The √25 = 5, because the number that we multiply to itself to get 25 is 5. Since
the square root of 5 is a positive integer, then √25 is a rational number.
The square root of a number written as √𝑁 is rational if there is a rational
number a such that a2= N.

Example 3: Find the √12.

Solution:
How about √12 ? Is it a perfect square? Can you think of an integer that when
you multiplied to itself will give 12? Also looking at the table of perfect squares, 12
cannot be found on the list. So, it means that it is not a perfect square.
Since √9 < √12 < √16 and 32 = 9 and 42 = 16 therefore √12 is between the
consecutive integers 3 and 4. This means that its square root is not an integers but
lies between two consecutive integers thus, it has an irrational square root. Positive
numbers that are not perfect square such as 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11,12, … have irrational
square roots because their roots lie between two consecutive integers.

Example 4:
Determine the square roots of the given radicals if possible, if it is not, identify in
which two consecutive integers lie. Identify if it is rational or irrational numbers.
100
a. √81 b. −√121 c. √42 d. √
25
Solutions
a. √81 = 9, rational
b. − √121 = - (11), rational
c. √42 = between 6 and 7, irrational
100 10
d. √ 25 = 5
= 2 , rational

The square root of a number written as √𝑁 is rational if there is a rational

number a as such that a2= N.
 ACTIVITIES

Directions: Analyze and solve the given. Write your answers only.

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Identify if it is rational or irrational numbers.

___________________________ 1) √25
___________________________ 2) √46
___________________________ 3) √484
___________________________ 4) √64
___________________________ 5) √99
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Directions: Identify between what two consecutive integers does the principal root
of the following non-perfect squares lies.

___________________________ 1) √485
___________________________ 2) √39
___________________________ 3) √88
___________________________ 4) √26
___________________________ 5) √3

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Determine the square roots of the following and identify if it is rational
or irrational numbers. (Example: √15 = between 3 and 4, irrational)

___________________________ 1) √100
___________________________ 2) √58
___________________________ 3) √720
___________________________ 4) √441
___________________________ 5) √900
 WRAP-UP

Remember that…
• Perfect square is any number whose square root is an integer.
• The Square root of N written as √𝑁 is the nonnegative number a if and only
if a2= N and N is a positive number.
• Principal Square Root it is the nonnegative square root of a number.
• The square root of a number (√𝑁) is rational if there is a rational number a
such that a2= N
• In √𝑵 = a, the symbol √𝑁 is called radical sign that is used to indicate positive
square root and N is called the radicand and is a perfect square and a is the
principal root.

VALUING

Reflections: (Journal Writing)

It is written in the Bible that we are all created in the image and likeness of
God. Our God who is HOLY and PERFECT expects us to be like Him. But human
that we are, we oftentimes fail and commit mistakes. What will you do to avoid doing
unpleasant actions that makes us NOT PERFECT in the eyes of God? Express your
response by writing a simple PRAYER OF COMMITMENT. Write your prayer on a
separate sheet of paper.

POSTTEST

Direction: Read and analyze each questions. Write only the letter of your answer.
1. Which of the following has a rational principal root ?
A. √2 B. √77 C. √24 D. √36
2. What is the square root of 121?
A. 9 B. 10 C. 11 D. 12
3. Between what two integers does the square root of 112 lie?
A. 9 and 10 B. 10 and 11 C. 11 and 12 D. 12 and 13
4. Which of the following has an irrational square root ?
A. √8 B. √49 C. √144 D. √169
5. Which number whose principal root lies between 3 and 4?
A. 7 B. 15 C. 35 D. 6
 KEY TO CORRECTION

PRETEST
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C
RECAP
1. Rational 2. Irrational 3. Rational
4. Rational numbers are any number that can be expressed in the
𝑎
form 𝑏 , where a and b are integers and b ≠ 0. It can also be defined
as a number that has either a terminating or repeating decimal
representations.
5.Irrational Numbers is the set of numbers whose decimal
representations are non-terminating or non-repeating. These
numbers cannot be expressed as a quotient of integers.
POSTTEST
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
1. rational 3. Rational 5. irrational
2. irrational 4. rational
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
1. between 22 & 23 3. between 9 & 10 5. between 1 & 2
2. between 6 & 7 4. between 5 & 6

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

1. 10, rational 4. 21, rational
2. between 7 & 8, irrational 5. 30, rational
3. between 26 & 27, irrational

References
Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-Math 7. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.,
2015.
Bernabe, Julieta G., Jose-Dilao, Soledad, Ed.D., and Fernando B. Orines. Elementary
Algebra I. Quezon City: SD Publications, Inc., 2009

Nivera, Gladys C., Ph.D. Grade 7 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities.

Makati: Don Bosco Press, 2018.

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