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Practice Questions - DNA Replication SLHL

The document discusses DNA replication through describing Meselson and Stahl's experiment which demonstrated that DNA replication is semi-conservative. It also discusses the polymerase chain reaction and its advantages and limitations. Finally, it outlines the process of DNA profiling and describes the roles of various enzymes involved in prokaryotic DNA replication.

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semuel.riak
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26 views

Practice Questions - DNA Replication SLHL

The document discusses DNA replication through describing Meselson and Stahl's experiment which demonstrated that DNA replication is semi-conservative. It also discusses the polymerase chain reaction and its advantages and limitations. Finally, it outlines the process of DNA profiling and describes the roles of various enzymes involved in prokaryotic DNA replication.

Uploaded by

semuel.riak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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D1.

1 DNA replication
■ Paper 1 5 Over 50 years ago, Meselson and Stahl investigated
1 How is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) similar to the mechanism of DNA replication. They transferred
the replication of DNA? a rapidly growing population of Escherichia coli from
I DNA is heated to break hydrogen bonds a growth medium containing only 15N to a growth
II DNA strands are separated medium with only 14N. DNA samples were centrifuged
III Free nucleotides are used at high speed in a salt density gradient. In the original
IV DNA polymerase is required published research, DNA molecules of the same density
A I only appear as a band in the UV absorption photographs
B II and IV only as shown.
C I, II and III only
D II, III and IV only
2 What occurs as a result of base pairing during
DNA replication?
A Both strands of the DNA have the same sequence
of purines and pyrimidines
B In each strand, the number of purine bases equals
the number of pyrimidine bases
C Purine bases in one strand become hydrogen-
bonded to purine bases in the other strand
D The number of purine bases in one strand equals
the number of pyrimidine bases in the other strand
3 Why can Taq polymerase be used in the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR)?
A It ensures that primers match the end sequence of
the DNA fragment
B It works with helicase in PCR
C It ensures desired sequences are amplified rather
than non-target DNA
D It does not denature at high temperatures
4 Which are necessary to make DNA replication
semi‑conservative?
I Separation of the strands by RNA polymerase
II Complementary base pairing a The density of the DNA band at generation 0 is
III Use of a pre-existing strand as a template 1.724 and the density of the dark band of DNA
A I and II only at generation 4.1 is 1.710. Estimate the density of
B I and III only the DNA band at generation 1.0. [1]
C II and III only b Describe the nitrogen composition of the DNA
D I, II and III band in the E. coli at generation 1.0. [1]
Standard Level Paper 1, Time Zone 2, May 17, Q9 c Explain the pattern shown in generation 3.0. [3]
d This experiment was designed to
demonstrate whether replication was semi-
conservative or conservative. Distinguish
between semi-conservative replication and
conservative replication. [2]
Standard Level Paper 3, Time Zone 0, May 16, Q2a–d

Biology for the IB Diploma Programme D1.1 DNA replication 74


(Questions 6–8 HL only) ■ Paper 2
6 A drug blocks the activity of DNA primase. Which of 1 A student researcher attempted to clone the human
the following would be affected by this drug? growth hormone (HGH) gene. Two separate samples
A Synthesis of a complete lagging strand of HGH DNA were obtained from DNA libraries and
B Synthesis of a complete leading strand subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. Results are
C Synthesis of both a complete lagging strand and shown below. Describe how the DNA fragments were
a complete leading strand separated into visible bands. [2]
D No effect, both strands would be
sample 1 sample 2
synthesized normally
7 What is a function of DNA polymerase I?
−
A Adds nucleotides in a 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction to well
elongate the chain
B Uncoils the DNA double helix and splits it into
two template strands
C Removes RNA primer and replaces it with DNA
D Produces sugar–phosphate bonds to link
Okazaki fragments
Higher Level Paper 1, Time Zone 0, November 19, Q26

8 What are the functions of DNA primase and DNA


polymerase I in DNA replication? +
DNA primase DNA polymerase I
adds a short DNA primer to replaces RNA with DNA in
2 Describe the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
A
the template strand the Okazaki fragments of the and explain one advantage and one limitation of
leading strand this procedure. [7]
B adds a short DNA primer to replaces DNA primers
the template strand with RNA 3 Outline the process of DNA profiling. [4]
Higher Level Paper 2, Time Zone 1, May 21, Q8a
C adds a short RNA primer to replaces RNA with DNA in
the template strand the Okazaki fragments of the
leading strand (Questions 4–8 HL only)
D adds a short RNA primer to replaces RNA primers 4 State three structural differences in the formation of the
the template strand with DNA
leading and lagging strands. [4]
Higher Level Paper 1, Time Zone 2, May 19, Q12
5 Describe the role of DNA polymerase III in
DNA replication. [4]
6 A drug blocks the activity of DNA ligase.
a Describe what effect this drug would have on
replication of the leading strand. [2]
b Describe what effect this drug would have on
replication of the lagging strand. [2]
7 Explain the role of proofreading in DNA replication. [4]
8 Explain the roles of specific enzymes in prokaryote
DNA replication. [7]
Higher Level Paper 2, Time Zone 0, May 16, Q5b

Biology for the IB Diploma Programme D1.1 DNA replication 75

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