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vh SEMESTER

May-2018s

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION

ME-204 Fluid Mechanics Max. Marks: 40

Time:3:00 hours
Note: Answerall question by Selectinganytwo parts from each quesuon
All questions carry equal marks.
Assume suitable missing data, ifany.
emptied through a pipe of
diameter D and iengtn
a liauid is being Hj to H2 measured
1aA tank ofsurface area A containing taken to lower the liquid
surface from an elevation
made in the
for the time assumptions
a n expression assumed to be laminar.
Indicate any
Outlet end (Fig. 1). The flow can be
ne a total
derivation. of5 mand experiences
model of a ship has a submerged surface area of a 6 m?, a length the total drag on the prototype
DAl 25ofscale
25N when towed through water with a velocity
of 1.2 m/s. Estimate
-GAp"|Z
estimated by
arag at the corresponding speed. The skin
friction force can be
when cruising
where the coefficient =0.0735/(Re)"
for both model and theprototype.
ASsume water1 X 10 Pa.s and pater= 1030 kg/m' rVe constant as =

bend shown is given by

ofthe 180
radical variation of velocity at the midsection that the velocity is
nota function of z.
lel The the bend is square. Assume
of the bend. Express
in Fig. 2. The cross section and the inside of
shown difference between the outside the
Derive an expression for the pressure RI and R2 and ,

flow the fluid density, the geometric parameters,

answer in terms of the
mass rate,
your
depth ofthe bend b =R2 - Ri

circular arcs in a horizontal plane

bend (Fig.3) formed by two concentric
Q2 [a] Water flows through a right angled velocity is 3 m/s.
0.45 m, respectively. The centre-line
with the inner and outer radii of 0.15 m and the tangentialand normal
accelerations at the
vortex flow, determine (i)
Assuminga two-dimensional free the inner and outer walls of the
the pressure gradients normal to
inner and outer walls of the bend, (i) bend
between the inner and outer walls ofthe
bend, and (ii) the pressure difference the flow
over a thin flat plate which
is 1 m long and 0.3 m wide. At the leading edge,
b] Air is fowing Using the
=30 m/s. the flow condition is independent ofz (fig.4).
is assumed to be uniform and Uo and directions of
mass flow rate across the
surface ab. Determine the magnitude
control volume abcd, calculate the bc is given by
The velocity profile at
thex componetof force required to hold the plate stationary.

2-
U

kg/m' and Kinematic Viscosity

=
1.5 X m/s.
density of air 1.23
=

And - 4 mm.

speed of 1.2 m/s. The

plate longis 0.3 m and 2m wide.
[C]Water at 15° C flows over a flat plate
at a

of the plane is laminar. Assume the velocity profile is

The boundary layer on each surface
approximated by a linear expression for which Rex

Determine the drag force on the plate. For water Kinematic Viscosity= 1.1 X 10 m/s, p 1000 kg/m

o.3 lal For flow between parallel plates due to the pressure gradient (Fig.5), compute (a) the wall shear stress. (b)
the stream function, (©) the vorticity, () the velocity potential, and (e) the average velocity.

b] Given is a three-pipe series system, as in Fig. 6. The total pressure drop is pa-pp-150,000 Pa, and the elevation
drop is za-25 m. The pipe data are
Pipe L.m d, cm E, m E/d
1 100 8 0.24 0.003

2 150 6 0.12 0.002

80 4 0.20 0.005
The fuid is water, p 1000 kg/m'
and Kinematic
Viscosity
calculate the flow rate Q in m'/h though the system.
=
1.02 X 10 m/s.
 [c]A high-speed car with m 2000 kg. Co-0.3, and A=1 m* deploys a 2-m parachute to slow down from
an
initial velocity of 100 m/s. Assuming constant Cp, breaks free, and no rolling resistant, calculate the
distance and velocity of the car after 1, 100, and 1000 s. For air assurne p =1.2 kg/m' and neglect
interference between the wake of the car and the parachute.

04 a] Air (o-1.23 kg/m' and

Kin.Vis. 1.5 X 10 m/s) is flowing over a flat plate. The free stream speed is 15
tw for () completely laminar flow and
m/s.
At a distance l from leading edge, calculate and
of m the ô
completely turbulent flow for a 1/7th power law velocity profile.
i
b) Water fows at a ate of 0.05 m/s in a 20 cm diameter castiron pipe (/D = 0.007). What is the head
Cpressure) loss per kilometre ofthe pipe? For water, p = 1000 kg/m', v= 1.0 x 104m?/s. Use
Moody's chart.
[c] In Fig.7
Between AB: l 100 m, d 30 cm, f =0.01
Between BC) 6 0 m, d 15 cm, f 0.015
Between BCa =100 m, d2 20 cm, f=0.015
Between CD: 4 150 m, d4 40 cm, f4 0.01
There are two right angled bends in each section of the
loop BC, and the water flow is caused by a pump
developing 10 kgf/cm gauge pressure at A. The Discharge at D is at 2.5 kgf/cm abs and the pipe network
is laid ona horizotal plane.
Calculate the flow rate through each section of the network, and the
C, if pe1 kgflcm and g=9.5 m/s.
reading of a pressure gauge at B and

Q5 [a] Develop the theoretical formula for flow over a rectangular weir.
b] In an experiment with fully developed turbulent flow through a smooth pipe, it was observed that
the velocity profile was expressible as
/U=(y/R) and f0.32/Re023 for Re 2X 10. Derive an
expression for the wall shear stress.

cThe inlet and throat diameters of a jet pump are 10 and 5 cm; inlet pressure and velocity respectively
2kgf/cm? and 5 m/s. The pump discharges to atmosphere at 1 kgf/cm*. Water is drawn in through a
pipe at the throat from a sump 2 m below the venturimeter. The fluid is water, both in the venturimeter
and in the sump. Calculate the diameters of the venturimeter outlet and the lift pipe, if the
volumetric lift rate is 5 per cent of the main flow. Neglect frictional loses, g =
9.6 m/s?.
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