8 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4: Module 3
GEOMETRY

Writer: Michael Anjoe V. Taniegra

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE

 What I Need to Know

Hello, Grade 8 learners! In this third module for the fourth grading period, you
will learn how to:
➢ prove properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal. M8GE-IVd-1
➢ determine the conditions under which lines and segments are
parallel or perpendicular. M8GE-IVe-1

You can say that you have understood the lesson in this module if you can:
1. prove different theorems on angles formed by parallel lines cut by a
transversal.
2. solve problems involving properties of parallel lines cut by a
transversal.
3. determine the conditions under which lines and segments are parallel
or perpendicular.

What I Know

Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Which of the following figures illustrates a pair of alternate exterior angles?
A. B. C. D.

For numbers 2 - 3, refer on ∆𝑀𝐸𝐿 with 𝑅𝑂 ∥ 𝐸𝐿.

2. What congruency statement can be formed

based on the figure?
A. ∠𝑀𝑅𝑂 ≅ ∠𝐸𝑀𝐿 C. ∠𝑀𝐸𝐿 ≅ ∠𝑀𝑂𝑅
B. ∠𝑀𝑅𝑂 ≅ ∠𝑀𝐸𝐿 D. ∠𝑀𝑅𝑂 ≅ ∠𝑀𝐿𝐸
3. If 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝑅 = 3𝑥 + 14 and 𝑚∠𝑀𝐿𝐸 = 5𝑥 − 10, what is the 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝑅?
A. 40° B. 50° C. 60° D. 30°

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
4. Which of the following statement/s is/are ALWAYS true when parallel lines
are cut by a transversal?
i. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
ii. Same side interior angles of a transversal are supplementary.
iii. The sum of the same side exterior angles of a transversal is equal to
180°.
A. I only B. I and II only C. I and III D. All are true.
For numbers 5 - 7, refer to the figure on the right.
5. Which of the following pair of angles are alternate
interior?
A. ∠4 and ∠5 C. ∠1 and ∠7
B. ∠1 and ∠5 D. ∠4 and ∠6
6. The following statements are true EXCEPT
A. ∠1 ≅ ∠5 C. ∠3 and ∠5 are supplementary.
B. ∠2 ≅ ∠8 D. ∠1 and ∠7 are supplementary
7. If 𝑚∠6 = 5𝑥 and 𝑚∠4 = 4𝑥 + 72, what is 𝑚∠6?
A. 30° B. 60° C. 80° D. 90°
8. Given the figure on the right, if ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐸𝑀 ∥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐴 what theorem or postulate will
help you to solve for the angles ∠𝐸 and ∠𝐵?
A. Corresponding Angles Postulate
B. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
C. Vertical Angles Theorem
D. Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
For numbers 9 and 10, refer to this given: parallelogram 𝑀𝐴𝑇𝐸 with angles
𝑚∠𝑀 = 9𝑥 + 8 and 𝑚∠𝐸 = 4 + 3𝑥.
9. What is the value of 𝑥?
A. 10 B. 13 C. 14 D. 16
10. What is 𝑚∠𝑀?
A. 130 B. 132 C.134 D. 136
11.The conditions for two lines cut by a transversal to be parallel are the
following EXCEPT
A. Interior angles on the same side of a transversal should be
supplementary.
B. Corresponding angles should be congruent.
C. Alternate interior angles should be supplementary.
D. Alternate exterior angles should be congruent.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
For numbers 12 and 13, refer to the figure.
12. If ∠8 and ∠5 are same side exterior angles
and supplementary, which lines are
parallel?
A. ℎ ∥ 𝑜 C. ℎ ∥ 𝑒
B. 𝑝 ∥ 𝑒 D. 𝑜 ∥ 𝑝
13. Maria wants to claim that ℎ ∥ 𝑜 given 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑝 is a transversal. Which
condition can support her claim?
A. ∠1 and ∠16 are same side exterior angles and complementary.
B. ∠9 and ∠16 form a linear pair.
C. ∠8 and ∠6 are corresponding and congruent.
D. ∠7 and ∠9 are alternate interior and supplementary.
14. If ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∠𝐶𝐵𝐸 are adjacent and complementary, which of the
following statements is true?
A. 𝐵𝐴⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐵𝐸
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐵𝐶
B. 𝐵𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ C. 𝐵𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐵𝐸
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐶𝐸
D. 𝐵𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
15. Based on the figure, which pair of segments is
perpendicular?
A. 𝐿𝑃 ⊥ 𝑃𝑌 B. 𝑃𝐿 ⊥ 𝑃𝐴 C. 𝐿𝑌 ⊥ 𝐴𝑌 D. 𝐿𝑌 ⊥ 𝑃𝐴

Lesson 1. Theorems on Angles Formed by Parallel Lines Cut

by a Transversal

What’s In
Activity 1: DO YOU STILL REMEMBER?

1. If 𝑚∠1 = 40, find the measure of:

a. 𝑚∠2 b. 𝑚∠4
2. If 𝑚∠4 = 65, find the measure of:
a. 𝑚∠1 b. 𝑚∠3
3. If 𝑚∠1 = 90, what is the 𝑚∠3?
4. If 𝑚∠4 = 75, what is the 𝑚∠2?

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What’s New

Activity 2: LET’S INVESTIGATE!

Jana wants to find the relationship between the angles formed
when two parallel lines are cut by a transversal. She draws
two parallel lines, 𝑎 and 𝑏, with 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑐 as the transversal. She,
then labels the angles formed from 1 to 8. Help Jana relate
each given pairs of angles by measuring each angle and
completing the table.

Angle 𝑚∠1 𝑚∠2 𝑚∠3 𝑚∠4 𝑚∠5 𝑚∠6 𝑚∠7 𝑚∠8

Measurement
Based on the Based on the
measurement, are they measurement, are they
Pair of Angles Pair of Angles
equal in measure or equal in measure or
supplementary? supplementary?
∠3 and ∠6 ∠3 and ∠5
∠4 and ∠5 ∠4 and ∠6
∠1 and ∠8 ∠1 and ∠7
∠2 and ∠7 ∠2 and ∠8

What is It

Complete the missing information on the flow chart to prove the theorem.

Given: 𝑘 ∥ 𝑤, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑦 is a transversal of 𝑘 and 𝑤

Prove: ∠4 ≅ ∠5 and ∠3 ≅ ∠6
Plan: ∠1 and ∠4 are vertical angles while ∠1 and ∠5
are corresponding angles. The two kinds of angle pairs
are congruent. So, relating the congruency statements
by applying transitive property will lead you to the statement to be proven.
The same process can be applied with ∠3 and ∠6.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 Answers:
1. k, w
2. Definition of
Corresponding Angles
3.
4. Definition of vertical
angles

Therefore, the following alternate interior angles are congruent:

∠4 ≅ ∠6 and ∠3 ≅ ∠5

Given: 𝑝 ∥ 𝑚, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 is a transversal of 𝑝 and 𝑚

Prove: ∠1 ≅ ∠8 and ∠2 ≅ ∠7

STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 𝑝 ∥ 𝑚, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 is a transversal of 𝑝 and 𝑚 1. Given
2. ∠1 and ∠5 ; ∠2 and ∠6 are corresponding 2. Definition of corresponding angles
angles
3. (a) ∠1 ≅ ∠5; 3. Corresponding Angles Postulate
(b) ∠2 ≅ ∠6
4. ∠5 and ∠8; ∠6 and ∠7 are vertical angles 4. Definition of vertical angles
5. (a) ∠5 ≅ ∠8; 5. Vertical Angles Theorem
(b) ∠6 ≅ ∠7
6. (a) ∠1 ≅ ∠8; 6. Transitive Property of Congruence
(b) ∠2 ≅ ∠7

We apply the Transitive Property of Equality to statements 3a and 5a and

to 3b and 5b to prove that the alternate exterior angles are congruent.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Given: 𝑚 ∥ 𝑏, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠 is a transversal of 𝑚 and 𝑏
Prove: ∠3 and ∠5; ∠4 and ∠6 are supplementary

Plan: ∠1 and ∠3 are linear pair while ∠1 and ∠5 are

corresponding angles. You know that linear pair of angles are
supplementary. Thus, their sum is 180°. And since ∠1 and ∠5 are
congruent because of Corresponding Angles Postulate, they are also
equal in measure. You can now substitute ∠5 to ∠1 to show that ∠5 and
∠3 have a sum of 180°. So, ∠5 and ∠3 are supplementary by the
definition of supplementary angles.

STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 𝑚 ∥ 𝑏, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠 is a transversal of 𝑚 and 𝑏 1. Given
2. ∠1 and ∠5 ; ∠2 and ∠6 are corresponding angles 2. Definition of corresponding angles
3. (a) ∠1 ≅ ∠5; 3. Corresponding Angles Postulate
(b) ∠2 ≅ ∠6
4. (a) 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠5; 4. Definition of congruent angles
(b) 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠6
5. (a) ∠1 and ∠3; 5. Definition of linear pair
(b) ∠2 and ∠4 are linear pair
6. (a) ∠1 and ∠3; 6. Linear Pair Postulate
(b) ∠2 and ∠4 are supplementary
7. (a) 𝑚∠1 + ∠3 = 180; 7. Definition of supplementary
(b) 𝑚∠2 + ∠4 = 180 angles
8. (a) 𝑚∠5 + ∠3 = 180; 8. Substitution Property
(b) 𝑚∠6 + ∠4 = 180
Note: Statements in no.4 are used in
substitution
9. (a) ∠3 and ∠5; 9. Definition of supplementary
(b) ∠4 and ∠6 are supplementary angles

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Given: 𝑏 ∥ 𝑥, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑚 is a transversal of 𝑏 and 𝑥
Prove: ∠1 and ∠6; ∠4 and ∠7 are supplementary

STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 𝑏 ∥ 𝑥, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑚 is a transversal of 𝑏 and 𝑥 1. Given
2. ∠2 and ∠6 ; ∠3 and ∠7 are corresponding angles 2. Definition of corresponding
angles
3. (a) ∠2 ≅ ∠6; 3. Corresponding Angles
(b) ∠3 ≅ ∠7 Postulate
4. (a) 𝑚∠2 = 𝑚∠6; 4. Definition of congruent angles
(b) 𝑚∠3 = 𝑚∠7
5. (a) ∠1 and ∠2; 5. Definition of linear pair
(b) ∠3 and ∠4 are linear pair
6. (a) ∠1 and ∠2; 6. Linear Pair Postulate
(b) ∠3 and ∠4 are supplementary
7. (a) 𝑚∠1 + ∠2 = 180; 7. Definition of supplementary
(b) 𝑚∠3 + ∠4 = 180 angles
8. (a) 𝑚∠1 + ∠6 = 180; 8. Substitution Property
(b) 𝑚∠7 + ∠4 = 180
Note: Statements in no.4 are used in substitution
9. (a) ∠1 and ∠6; 9. Definition of supplementary
(b) ∠4 and ∠7 are supplementary angles

What’s More
I. Identify the pair of angles formed in the given figure. Choose the letter of
the correct answer from the choices in the box.
A. Alternate Interior Angles C. Same Side Interior Angles
B. Alternate Exterior Angles D. Same Side Exterior Angles
Given: 𝑠 ∥ 𝑟, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡 is a transversal of 𝑠 and 𝑟
___1. ∠1 and ∠8 ___5. ∠7 and ∠2
___2. ∠3 and ∠6 ___6. ∠5 and ∠8
___3. ∠4 and ∠5 ___7. ∠2 and ∠3
___4. ∠1 and ∠4 ___8. ∠6 and ∠7

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
II. Complete the table by supplying the correct information.
The first row is done for you

Pair of Parallel Are they congruent or Supporting Theorem

Angles Lines supplementary?
∠1 and ∠11 𝑟∥𝑦 Congruent Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
∠2 and ∠7 𝑟∥𝑎
∠4 and ∠9 𝑟∥𝑦
∠6 and ∠12 𝑎∥𝑦
∠4 and ∠10 𝑟∥𝑦
∠ 3 and ∠5 𝑟∥𝑎

What I Have Learned

Choose the letter of the correct illustration for each theorem from the given figures
below.
____1. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
____2. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem
____3. Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
____4. Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem

A. C.

∠1 ≅ ∠8 and ∠4 ≅ ∠5 ∠2 ≅ ∠7 and ∠3 ≅ ∠6
B. D.

∠1 and ∠4; ∠5 and ∠8 ∠1 and ∠4; ∠5 and ∠8

are supplementary. are supplementary

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 3: PROVE ME RIGHT!

Given: ℎ ∥ 𝑜 with transversals 𝑝 and 𝑒

𝑝 ∥ 𝑒 with transversals ℎ and 𝑜
Prove: ∠1 and ∠12 are supplementary.

Plan: Find an angle that is related to both ∠1 and

∠12 and that is ∠4. ∠1 and ∠4 are are same side exterior angles of the
transversal 𝑒. Thus, they are supplementary by Same Side Exterior Angles
Theorem. On the other hand, ∠4 and ∠12 are corresponding angles with
respect to parallel lines ℎ and 𝑜. Therefore, ∠4 and ∠12 are congruent by
Corresponding Angles Postulate. Because you establish the relationship
between the angles, make an equation showing supplementary angles. Then,
substitute 𝑚∠12 to 𝑚∠4 since they have equal measure. Lastly, apply the
Linear Pair Postulate to prove that they are supplementary angles.

STATEMENTS REASONS

Rubric:
Score Description
10 All answers are correct and logical.
9 Nine answers are correct.
8 Eight answers are correct.
7 Seven answers are correct.
6 Six answers are correct.
5 Five answers are correct.
4 Four answers are correct.
3 Three answers are correct.
2 One to two answers are correct.
1 None of the answers are appropriate.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 Assessment
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. Which of the following illustration shows alternate exterior angles?
A. B.
C. D.
2. According to Same Side Exterior Angle Theorem, when parallel lines are
being intersected by a transversal, same side exteriors angles are ______.
A. congruent B. complementary C. supplementary D. linear pair
3. Which statement is NOT TRUE on angles formed when parallel lines are cut
by a transversal?
A. Alternate interior angles are congruent.
B. Same side interior angles are supplementary.
C. Same side exterior angles are complementary.
D. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
For numbers 4 – 8, refer to the figure on the right.
4. Which pair of angles are congruent?
A. ∠2 and ∠11 C. ∠3 and ∠10
B. ∠2 and ∠7 D. ∠4 and ∠10
5. Which angle is supplementary to ∠3?
A. ∠5 B. ∠6 C. ∠9 D. ∠12
6. The following statements are true EXCEPT
A. ∠1 and ∠11 are supplementary. C. ∠4 and ∠10 are congruent.
B. ∠4 and ∠6 are congruent. D. ∠3 and ∠10 are supplementary.
7. Based on the figure, 𝑎 ∥ 𝑣 and 𝑠 is a transversal of 𝑎 and 𝑣. If you want to say
that ∠1 ≅ ∠7, what theorem will support your statement?
A.Alternate Interior Angles Theorem C.Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
B.Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem D.Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem
8. Ana claims that ∠2 and ∠11 are supplementary. What theorem supports her
claim?
A.Alternate Interior Angles Theorem C. Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
B.Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem D.Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
For numbers 9 and 10, 𝑀𝑅 is a transversal of parallel segments 𝑀𝑂 and 𝑅𝐸.
9. Which of the following statements is ALWAYS
true?
A. ∠1 ≅ ∠4
B. ∠𝐸𝑅𝑀 ≅ ∠𝑂𝑅𝑀
C. ∠1 and ∠3 are supplementary
D. ∠𝑂𝑀𝑅 and ∠𝐸𝑅𝑀 are supplementary.
10. Which pair of angles are ALWAYS supplementary?
A. ∠1 and ∠4 B. ∠1 and ∠3 C. ∠𝑀 and ∠𝑅 D. ∠𝑀 and ∠𝐸

Additional Activities

In the map, C. Ramos St. and W. C.

Dela Cruz St. are parallel having J.
Delos Santos Ave. as the transversal.
Identify the kind of pairs of angles that
are represented by the boundaries of
the given set of landmarks by writing
the corresponding letter/s.
AI: Alternate Interior SSI: Same – Side Interior
AE: Alternate Exterior SSE: Same – Side Exterior
__1. Flower Shop and Supermarket ___4. Hospital and Park
__2. Parking Lot and Hospital __5. Bank and Park
__3. Post Office and Flower shop
B. Explain why the angles formed from the street boundaries of Parking Lot
and Hospital are supplementary.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What’s In
ACTIVITY 1: DID YOU KNOW THAT?
Directions: Find the supplement of each given angle by coloring the box with
the correct measurement of the angle. Then, you will reveal the answer to the
question below by the name of the angles from the colored boxes.
In 1500, what religious order was the first to arrive in Marikina Valley?
Answer: ______________________
Given Color the box with the correct supplement
𝑚∠𝑋 = 60 𝑚∠𝑌 = 90 𝑚∠𝐸 = 30 𝑚∠𝐴 = 120
𝑚∠𝑍 = 42 𝑚∠𝑈 = 138 𝑚∠𝐵 = 48 𝑚∠𝑅 = 112
𝑚∠𝑀 = 128 𝑚∠𝐷 = 82 𝑚∠𝑄 = 72 𝑚∠𝐺 = 52
𝑚∠𝑅 = 57 𝑚∠𝑌 = 113 𝑚∠𝑈 = 123 𝑚∠𝑂 = 33
𝑚∠𝑇 = 60 𝑚∠𝑆 = 120 𝑚∠𝐸 = 30 𝑚∠𝐴 = 100
𝑚∠𝑃 = 95 𝑚∠𝑇 = 85 𝑚∠𝐵 = 75 𝑚∠𝑅 = 65
𝑚∠𝑄 = 153 𝑚∠𝐷 = 17 𝑚∠𝐸 = 37 𝑚∠𝐼 = 27
𝑚∠𝐿 = 50 𝑚∠𝑌 = 40 𝑚∠𝑁 = 130 𝑚∠𝐸 = 50
𝑚∠𝐵 = 31 𝑚∠𝑌 = 129 𝑚∠𝐼 = 149 𝑚∠𝐴 = 159
𝑚∠𝑂 = 76 𝑚∠𝐴 = 14 𝑚∠𝐸 = 24 𝑚∠𝐻 = 4
𝑚∠𝐷 = 141 𝑚∠𝑁 = 39 𝑚∠𝑌 = 29 𝑚∠𝐺 = 36

What’s New

ACTIVITY 2: LOGICA-RRANGE!
Jana is given a statement to prove. The statements and reasons are jumbled
in the box. Arrange the statements in order and in logical manner to prove the
statement.
Given: 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙 is a transversal of 𝑚 and 𝑒;
𝑚∠1 = 80
Prove: 𝑚∠4 = 120

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 and are same side exterior angles Simplification
Substitution Property
Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem Given
Simplification Substitution Property
Addition Property of Equality

STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒, 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙 is a transversal of 𝑚 and 𝑒 1.
2. 2. Definition of same side exterior angles
3. ∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠4 are supplementary. 3.
4. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠4 = 180 4. Definition of supplementary angles
5. 5. Given
6. 80 + 𝑚∠12 = 180 6.
7. 80 + 𝑚∠12 + (−80) = 180 + (-80) 7. Addition Property of Equality
8. 𝑚∠12= 120 8.

What is It
Given the figure, 𝑑 ∥ 𝑟 where 𝑚 is a transversal of 𝑑 and 𝑟.
Example 1. Name all numbered angles that are (a)
congruent and (b) supplementary to ∠3.
Plan: To name the angles congruent and supplementary to
∠3, remember the theorems on the pairs of angles formed
when parallel lines are cut by a transversal and the Corresponding Angles
Postulate.
Solution:
a.
Given is congruent to
∠3 ∠2 ∠7 ∠6
Reason Vertical Angles Corresponding Angles Alternate Interior Angles
Theorem Postulate Theorem

b.
Given is supplementary to
∠3 ∠1 ∠4 ∠5 ∠8
Reason Linear Linear Same ∠3 and ∠6 are congruent by Alternate Interior
Pair Pair Side Angles Theorem. Therefore, 𝑚∠3 = 𝑚∠6 of
Postulate Postulate Interior congruent angles. Then, ∠6 and ∠8 are linear
Angles pair and so they are supplementary by linear
Theorem pair postulate. Then, 𝑚∠6 + 𝑚∠8 = 180
because of definition of supplementary angles.
By substitution, 𝑚∠6 + 𝑚∠3 = 180. Thus, ∠3
and ∠8 are supplementary by definition of
supplementary angles.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Final Answer:
The angles congruent to ∠3 are ∠2, ∠6 and ∠7. while ∠1, ∠4, ∠5 and ∠8 are
supplementary to ∠3.

Example 2.
Using the same figure in example 1, if 𝑚∠5 = 125, find the measure of other
angles.
Plan: To find for the measure of the other angles, we will apply the process of
naming the congruent and supplementary angles as with Example 1.
Solution:
For 𝑚∠1 For 𝑚∠4
∠1 and ∠5 are Definition of alternate ∠4 and ∠5 are alternate Definition of alternate
corresponding interior angles interior angles interior angles
angles
∠1 ≅ ∠5 Corresponding Angles ∠4 ≅ ∠5 Alternate Interior Angles
Postulate Theorem
𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠5 Definition of congruent 𝑚∠4 = 𝑚∠5 Definition of congruent
angles angles
𝑚∠5 = 125 Given 𝑚∠5 = 125 Given
𝑚∠1 = 125 Transitive Property of 𝑚∠4 = 125 Transitive Property of
Equality Equality

For 𝑚∠8 For 𝑚∠2

∠8 and ∠5 areDefinition of vertical ∠2 and ∠5 form a linear pair Definition of linear
angles
vertical angles pair
∠8 ≅ ∠5 Vertical Angles ∠2 and ∠5 are supplementary Linear Pair Postulate
Theorem
𝑚∠8 = 𝑚∠5 Definition of 𝑚∠2 + 𝑚∠5 = 180 Definition of
congruent angles supplementary angles
𝑚∠5 = 125 Given 𝑚∠5 = 125 Given
𝑚∠8 = 125 Transitive Property of 𝑚∠2 + 125 = 180 Substitution Property
Equality of Equality
𝑚∠2 + 125 + (−125) = 180 + (−125) Addition Property of
Equality
𝑚∠2 = 55 Simplification

For 𝑚∠3 For 𝑚∠6

∠3 and ∠5 are same Definition of same ∠6 and ∠5 form a linear pair Definition of
side interior angle of side interior angles linear pair
transversal m
∠3 and ∠5 are Same Side Interior ∠6 and ∠5 are supplementary Linear Pair
supplementary Angles Theorem Postulate
𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠5 = 180 Definition of 𝑚∠6 + 𝑚∠5 = 180 Definition of
supplementary supplementary
angles angles
𝑚∠5 = 125 Given 𝑚∠5 = 125 Given
𝑚∠3 + 125 = 180 Substitution Property 𝑚∠6 + 125 = 180 Substitution
of Equality Property of
Equality
𝑚∠3 + 125 + (−125) Addition Property of 𝑚∠6 + 125 + (−125) Addition
= 180 + (−125) Equality = 180 + (−125) Property of
Equality
𝑚∠3 = 55 Simplification 𝑚∠6 = 55 Simplification

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 For 𝑚∠7
∠7 and ∠5 are same side Definition of
interior angle of transversal m same side
interior angles
∠7 and ∠5 are supplementary Same Side
Interior Angles
Theorem
𝑚∠7 + 𝑚∠5 = 180 Definition of
supplementary
angles
𝑚∠5 = 125 Given
𝑚∠7 + 125 = 180 Substitution
Property of
Equality
𝑚∠7 + 125 + (−125) Addition
= 180 Property of
+ (−125) Equality
𝑚∠7 = 55 Simplification

Example 3. Based on the same figure, if 𝑚∠4 = 2𝑥 + 6 and 𝑚∠6 = 3𝑥 − 1,

find the value of 𝑥 and 𝑚∠4 and 𝑚∠6.
Plan: Since the two angles given are supplementary, then the sum of their
measure is 180°.Write an equation indicating the sum and use the
properties of equality to solve for 𝑥. Then, substitute the value of 𝑥 to each
given angle to find its measurement.
Solution:
∠4 and ∠6 are same side interior angle of transversal m Definition of same side interior angles
∠4 and ∠6 are supplementary Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠6 = 180 Definition of supplementary angles
𝑚∠4 = 2𝑥 + 6; 𝑚∠6 = 3𝑥 − 1 Given
2𝑥 + 6 + 3𝑥 − 1 = 180 Substitution Property
5𝑥 + 5 = 180 Simplification
5𝑥 + 5 + (−5) = 180 + (−5) Addition Property of Equality
5𝑥 = 175 Simplification
5𝑥 175 Division Property of Equality
=
5 5
𝑥 = 35 Simplification

To find 𝑚∠4 and 𝑚∠6,

𝑚∠4 𝑚∠6
𝑚∠4 = 2𝑥 + 6; 𝑥 = Given 𝑚∠6 = 3𝑥 − 1; Given
35 𝑥 = 35
𝑚∠4 = 2(35) + 6 Substitution Property 𝑚∠6 = 3(35) − 1 Substitution Property
𝑚∠4 = 70 + 6 Simplification 𝑚∠6 = 105 − 1 Simplification
𝑚∠4 = 76 Simplification 𝑚∠6 = 104 Simplification
By checking Final Answer:
𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠6 = 180 The value of 𝑥 = 35, 𝑚∠4 = 76 and
76 + 104 = 180 𝑚∠6 = 104
180 = 180

15
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Example 4. In ∆𝑇𝑅𝑌, 𝐿𝑉 is a midsegment that is formed from the midpoints
of 𝑇𝑅 and 𝑇𝑌. If 𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 6𝑥 + 22 and 𝑚∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 = 3𝑥 + 34 find
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉.
Plan: Draw an illustration and label the parts. A
midsegment is a part of triangle that is formed from the
midpoints of the two sides of a triangle. The midpoint
of 𝑇𝑅 is Point L while Point V is the midpoint of 𝑇𝑌.
Also, the midsegment is parallel to the third side.
Therefore, 𝐿𝑉 ∥ 𝑇𝑌. Because of this, ∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 and ∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 are corresponding
angles. Thus, they are congruent. So, you can find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 by equating
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 and 𝑚∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 and solve for x. Lastly, substitute the value of x to the
given measurement of ∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 to find its actual measurement.

Solution:
𝐿𝑉 is a midsegment that is formed from the midpoints of 𝑇𝑅 Given
and 𝑇𝑌
𝐿𝑉 ∥ 𝑇𝑌 Property of a Midsegment of a
Triangle
∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 and ∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 are corresponding angles Definition of corresponding angles
∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 ≅ ∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 Corresponding Angles Postulate
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 𝑚∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 Definition of congruent angles
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 6𝑥 + 22; 𝑚∠𝐿𝑅𝑌 = 3𝑥 + 34 Given
6𝑥 + 22 = 3𝑥 + 34 Substitution Property
6𝑥 + (−3𝑥) + 22 + (−22) = 3𝑥 + (−3𝑥) + 34 + (−22) Addition Property of Equality
3𝑥 = 12 Simplification
3𝑥 12 Division Property of Equality
=
3 3
𝑥=4 Simplification
To find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉:
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 6𝑥 + 22; 𝑥 = 4 Given
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 6(4) + 22 Substitution
Final Answer:
Property The answer is 46.
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 24 + 22 Simplification
𝑚∠𝑇𝐿𝑉 = 46 Simplification

Example 5. What is the 𝑚∠𝐸 in 𝑀𝑂𝑉𝐸 if 𝑚∠𝐸 = 2𝑥 and 𝑚∠𝑉 = 6𝑥 + 12

Plan: Draw and label the parts of the parallelogram. A parallelogram is a

quadrilateral with parallel opposite sides. Therefore, based on our
illustration, we will consider 𝑀𝐸 ∥ 𝑂𝑉 having a transversal of 𝐸𝑉 if we will
try to extend the two sides. Through analyzation, the angles are same

16
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 side interior of the transversal 𝐸𝑉. So, their sum is
180° since they are supplementary. Solve for x and
substitute the value to 2𝑥 to find 𝑚∠𝐸.
Solution:
𝑀𝑂𝑉𝐸 is a parallelogram Given
𝑀𝐸 ∥ 𝑂𝑉 Definition of a parallelogram
∠𝐸 and ∠𝑉 are same side interior angles of the transversal 𝐸𝑉 Definition of same side interior angles
∠𝐸 and ∠𝑉 are supplementary Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
𝑚∠𝐸 + 𝑚∠𝑉 = 180 Definition of supplementary angles
𝑚∠𝐸 = 2𝑥; 𝑚∠𝑉 = 6𝑥 + 12 Given
2𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 12 = 180
2𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 12 + (−12) = 180 + (−12) Addition Property of Equality
8𝑥 = 168 Simplification
8𝑥 168 Division Property of Equality
=
8 8
𝑥 = 21 Simplification
To find 𝑚∠𝐸:
𝑚∠𝐸
𝑚∠𝐸 = 2𝑥; 𝑥 = 21 Given Final Answer:
𝑚∠𝐸 = 2(21) Substitution The answer is 42.
Property
𝑚∠𝐸 = 42 Simplification

What’s More

I. Find the measure of the indicated angle.

1. 𝑚∠1 = 35
a. 𝑚∠3 = ____ b. 𝑚∠4 = ____ c. 𝑚∠16 = ____
2. 𝑚∠11 = 112
a. 𝑚∠10 = ____ b. 𝑚∠13 = ____ c. 𝑚∠3 = ____
3. 𝑚∠5 = 94
a. 𝑚∠8 = ____ b. 𝑚∠12 = ____ c. 𝑚∠13 = ____
4. 𝑚∠14 = 75
a. 𝑚∠16 = ____ b. 𝑚∠4 = ____ c. 𝑚∠11 = ____

II. Solve for the value of the unknown variable.

1. 2. 3. 4.

17
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
III. Find the measure of the indicated angle.

𝑚∠𝑊 = ____ 𝑚∠𝐼 = ___

𝑚∠𝑆𝐸𝐿 = _____ 𝑚∠𝐸𝑀𝑂 = _____

What I Have Learned

In solving problems involving parallel lines cut by a transversal, remember to

plan the steps on how you will arrive on what is asked in a problem. Apply
concepts such as definitions, properties, postulates, and theorem that are
relevant to the problem.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY: PROBLEM RELATER!

Goal: To make algebraic representations of the actual measurements of angles
formed when parallel lines are cut by a transversal.
Role: A student who will present his/her assignment in front of the class
Activity: Apply your understanding on solving problems involving parallel lines
by creating algebraic representations of the actual measurements of
angles from real-life objects.
Situation: You must draw an object that is in your house that shows parallel
lines/segments with a transversal. Choose a kind of angle pair that is
formed from the object – corresponding, alternate interior/exterior or
same side interior/exterior. Then, measure the angles you have chosen.
Write an algebraic representation (use one variable) of the
measurement. Then, solve for the value of the variable used. Lastly,
substitute the value to the algebraic representations to show the actual
measurement.
Products: (1) A clear algebraic representation of the chosen angles; (2) A
detailed solution based on the algebraic representations made.
Standard for Success: An illustration of an object with proper label of
algebraic representations of measurement and a detailed solution.

18
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Example:
Chosen Angle Pair: Same Side
Interior Angles
(Note: Provide a reason on each
step in the solution)

Tiles from the kitchen wall

After you solve for x, substitute it to
the algebraic representations to show
that what you did is correct.

Scoring Rubrics:
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Mathematical The explanation is clear The explanation is clear The explanation is clear The explanation is
Reasoning and coherent. It has a and coherent. It has a but illogical. It has a not clear and
detailed solution and detailed solution and solution but not detailed. incomplete and the
the application of the the application of the The application of the application of the
concepts of concepts of concepts of concepts of
postulates/theorems postulates/theorems postulates/theorems postulates/theorems
related to parallelism is related to parallelism is related to parallelism is related to
exceptional. evident. incomplete. parallelism is not
stated.
Completeness The illustration shows The illustration shows The illustration shows The illustration has
complete labels – complete labels – incomplete labels – parallel no label.
parallel segments and parallel segments and segments and
corresponding angles corresponding angles corresponding angles and
with no error. but with minimal errors. with minimal errors.

Punctuality The output is submitted The output is submitted The output is submitted 1 – The output is
ahead of time. on time. 2 days after the deadline. submitted beyond
two days after the
deadline.

Assessment
Read each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.
1. If ∠1 and ∠2 are on the same side interior of a transversal intersected to
two parallel lines, which of the following equation is ALWAYS true?
A. 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠2 C. 𝑚∠1 > 𝑚∠2

B. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 180 D. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 90

2. If ∠3 and ∠4 are alternate exterior angles formed from a transversal
intersecting two parallel lines, which of the following equations is ALWAYS
true?
A. 𝑚∠3 = 𝑚∠4 C. 𝑚∠3 > 𝑚∠4
B. 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠4 = 180 D. 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠4 = 90

19
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
For numbers 3 to 6, refer to the figure on the right.
3. If 𝑚∠4 = 82, what is the 𝑚∠13?
A. 82° B. 92° C. 96° D. 98°
4. Which of the following mathematical statements is
NOT true?
A. 𝑚∠4 = 𝑚∠1 C. 𝑚∠6 = 𝑚∠12
B. 𝑚∠12 = 𝑚∠10 D. 𝑚∠13 = 𝑚∠9
5. What is the value of 𝑥 if 𝑚∠7 = 5𝑥 + 14 and 𝑚∠9 = 3𝑥 + 38?
A. 8 B. 6 C. 12 D. 10
6. What is the 𝑚∠12 if 𝑚∠3 = 2𝑥 and 𝑚∠12 = 𝑥 + 39?
A. 84° B. 86° C. 88° D. 90°
For numbers 7 to 9, refer to the figure on the right.
7. Which of the following pairs of measurements is correct?
A. 𝑚∠𝐻 = 40 and 𝑚∠𝐴 = 40 C. 𝑚∠𝐴 = 85 and
𝑚∠𝑅 = 85
B. 𝑚∠𝐻 = 120 and 𝑚∠𝐴 = 60 D. 𝑚∠𝐴 = 85 and 𝑚∠𝑅 = 105
8. If 𝑚∠𝐻 = 5𝑥 and 𝑚∠𝐴 = 4𝑥, what is the value of 𝑥?
A. 18 B. 19 C. 20 D. 22
9. In number 8, what is the 𝑚∠𝐻?
A. 100° B. 110° C. 120° D. 130°

10. If 𝑀𝑃 ∥ 𝑅𝑍 and 𝑚∠𝑀 = 3𝑥 − 18 and 𝑚∠𝑅 = 𝑥 + 70, what is

𝑚∠𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑅?
A. 200 B. 220 C. 228 D. 238

Additional Activities

I. Solve for the value of 𝑥.

1. 2.

II. Given: 𝑅𝑃 ∥ 𝑇𝑀 ∥ 𝑆𝑄 , 𝑃𝑆 ∥ 𝑄𝐿
Prove: ∠𝑃 ≅ ∠𝑄

20
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What’s In
You have learned that parallel lines are
coplanar and do not intersect while a
transversal is a line that intersects lines
at distinct points.
Illustration 1 shows two lines, a and b, that are located on the same plane.
Hence, the two lines are parallel having a transversal of line c. On the other
hand, Illustration 2 shows two lines that are not on the same plane. It may
appear that they are parallel but since they are non-coplanar lines, they are
NOT parallel.
On the other hand, perpendicular lines
are intersecting lines and form a right
angle. To show perpendicularity, the
symbol “⊥” is used. Perpendicularity can
also be seen in segments and rays.

What’s New
ACTIVITY 2: CONSTRUCTION TIME!

21
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What is It
CONDITIONS FOR LINES OR SEGMENTS TO BE PARALLEL

Example 1:
Lines m and e are cut by the transversal line l. ∠1 and
∠3 are corresponding angles.
If ∠1 ≅ ∠3, then 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒.

Given: ∠6 ≅ ∠2, ∠7 ≅ ∠3; the angles are alternate interior

Prove: 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒
Plan: The angle that is related to both of ∠6 and ∠2 is ∠8. Apply the concepts of vertical
angles and transitive property to show that ∠6 ≅ ∠8. By then we can conclude
that the lines are parallel since the angles formed are corresponding. The same
process can be applied to ∠7 and ∠2.
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. (a) ∠6 ≅ ∠2 1. Given
(b) ∠7 ≅ ∠3
(c) The angles are alternate interior.
2. ∠2 and ∠8; ∠3 and ∠5 are vertical 2. Definition of vertical angles
angles

22
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 3. (a) ∠2 ≅ ∠8 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
(b) ∠3 ≅ ∠5
4. ∠6 ≅ ∠8; ∠7 ≅ ∠5 4. Transitive Property of Congruence
We apply the Transitive Property to
statements 1a and 3a and 1b and 3b.
5. ∠2 and ∠8; ∠3 and ∠5 are 5. Definition of corresponding angles
corresponding angles
6. 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒 6. Converse of Corresponding Angles
Postulate

The proof of this converse will be left as an exercise.

Example 2:
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒 are cut by the transversal line 𝑙. ∠1 and ∠5; ∠4 and ∠8 are
alternate exterior angles.
If ∠1 ≅ ∠5 and ∠4 ≅ ∠8, then 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒.

Given: ∠3 and ∠5 are supplementary and both interior angles

on the same side of the transversal 𝑙1 .
Prove:𝑙2 ∥ 𝑙3
Plan: The angle that is related to both of ∠3 and ∠5 is ∠7. Apply
the concepts of linear pair and properties in algebra to show that
∠3 and ∠8 are congruent. By then we can conclude that the
lines are parallel since the angles formed are corresponding.
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. ∠3 and ∠5 are supplementary and both 1. Given
interior angles on the same side of the
transversal 𝑙1 .
2. 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠5 = 180 2. Definition of supplementary angles
3. ∠5 and ∠7 are linear pair. 3. Definition of linear pair
4. ∠5 and ∠7 are supplementary. 4. Linear Pair Postulate
5. 𝑚∠5 + 𝑚∠7 = 180 5. Definition of supplementary angles
6. 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠5 = 𝑚∠5 + 𝑚∠7 6. Transitive Property of Equality
Refer to statements 2 and 4.
7. 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠5 + (−𝑚∠5) = 𝑚∠5 + (−𝑚∠5) + 𝑚∠7 7. Addition Property of Equality
8. 𝑚∠3 = 𝑚∠7 8. Simplification
9. ∠3 ≅ ∠7 9. Definition of congruent angles
10. ∠3 and ∠7 are corresponding angles 10. Definition of corresponding angles
11. 𝑙2 ∥ 𝑙3 11. Converse of Corresponding Angles
Postulate

23
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
The proof of this converse will be left as an exercise.

Example 3:
Lines 𝑙2 and 𝑙3 are cut by the transversal line 𝑙1 . ∠1 and ∠7; ∠2 and ∠8 are
same side exterior angles of the transversal.
If ∠1 and ∠7; ∠2 and ∠8 are supplementary, then 𝑚 ∥ 𝑒.

CONDITIONS FOR LINES OR SEGMENTS TO BE PERPENDICULAR

Given: 𝑙1 ⊥ 𝑙2
Prove: ∠1, ∠2, ∠3 and ∠4 are right angles.
Plan: Since the two lines are perpendicular, ∠1 is a right angle.
Apply the concept of perpendicularity, linear pair, vertical angles
and properties in algebra to prove that all four angles formed are
right.
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 𝑙1 ⊥ 𝑙2 1. Given
2. ∠1 is a right angle. 2. Definition of perpendicular lines
3. 𝑚∠1 = 90 3. Definition of right angle
4. ∠1 and ∠3 are vertical angles. 4. Definition of vertical angles
5. ∠1 ≅ ∠3 5. Vertical Angles Theorem
6. 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠3 6. Definition of congruent angles
7. 𝑚∠3 = 90 7. Transitive Property
We apply the Transitive Property to
statements 3 and 6.
8. ∠3 is a right angle. 8. Definition of a right angle
9. ∠1and ∠2; ∠3 and ∠4 are linear pairs. 9. Definition of linear pair
10. ∠1and ∠2; ∠3 and ∠4 are supplementary 10. Linear Pair Postulate
11. (a) 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 180; 11. Definition of supplementary angles
(b) 𝑚∠3 + 𝑚∠4 = 180
12. (a) 90 + 𝑚∠2 = 180; 11. Substitution Property
(b) 90 + 𝑚∠4 = 180
Refer to statements 3 and 7 for
substitution
13. (a) 90 + (−90) + 𝑚∠2 = 180 + (−90); 12. Addition Property of Equality
(b) 90 + (−90) + 𝑚∠4 = 180 + (−90)
14. (a) 𝑚∠2 = 90; 13. Simplification
(b) 𝑚∠4 = 90
15. ∠2 and ∠4 are right angles. 14. Definition of right angles

24
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Given: ∠1 and ∠2 are congruent and form a linear pair.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐷𝐸⃡
Prove: 𝐴𝑀
Plan: Since ∠1 and ∠2 form linear pair, they are
supplementary. And because they are congruent, the measure
of each angle is 90°. So, since they are right angles, the lines
containing their sides are perpendicular.
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. ∠1 and ∠2 are congruent. 1. Given
2. 𝑚∠1 = 𝑚∠2 2. Definition of congruent angles
3. ∠1 and ∠2 are linear pair. 3. Definition of linear pair
4. ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary. 4. Linear Pair Postulate
5. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 180 5. Definition of supplementary angles
6. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠1 = 180 6. Substitution Property
Refer to statement 2 for substitution.
7. 2 𝑚∠1 = 180 7. Simplification
2 𝑚∠1 180 8. Division Property of Equality
8. =
2 2
9. 𝑚∠1 = 90 9. Simplification
10. 𝑚∠2 = 90 10. Transitive Property
Refer to statement 2.
11. ∠1 and ∠2 are right angles. 11. Definition of right angle
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐷𝐸⃡
12. 𝐴𝑀 12. Definition of perpendicularity

Given: ∠1 and ∠2 are adjacent and complementary.

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⊥ 𝐴𝐶
Prove: 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
Plan: Since ∠1 and ∠2 complementary, their sum is 90°Apply
definition of complementary angles, Angle Addition Postulate and
transitive property to show that ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 is a right angle.
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. ∠1 and ∠2 are adjacent. 1. Given
2. 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 2. Angle Addition Postulate
3. ∠1 and ∠2 are complementary. 3. Given
4. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 90 4. Definition of complementary angles
5. 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 90 5. Transitive Property of Equality
Refer to statements 2 and 4.
6. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 is a right angle. 6. Definition of right angle
7. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 ⊥ 𝐴𝐶 7. Definition of perpendicularity

25
DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What’s More
I. Identify which lines are parallel given the
following angles.
____1. ∠13 and ∠17 are corresponding angles and
congruent.
____2. ∠2 and ∠11 are same side exterior angles
and supplementary.
____3. ∠9 and ∠22 are same side interior angles and supplementary.
____4. ∠13 and ∠19 are alternate exterior angles and congruent.
____5. ∠17 and ∠6 are same side exterior angles and supplementary.
____6. ∠16 and ∠3 are same side exterior angles and supplementary.
______7. ∠14 and ∠23 are alternate exterior angles and congruent.
____8. ∠6 and ∠10 are corresponding angles and congruent.
____9. ∠16 and ∠23 are corresponding angles and congruent.
____10. ∠15 and ∠17 are alternate interior angles and congruent.
II. Compete the two-column proof by supplying appropriate
statements.
1. Given: ∠1 ≅ ∠8, ∠2 ≅ ∠7; the angles are alternate
exterior.
Prove: 𝑙2 ∥ 𝑙3
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 1. Given
2. 2. Definition of vertical angles
3. 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
4 4. Transitive Property of Congruence
5. 5. Definition of corresponding angles
6. 6. Converse of Corresponding Angles Postulate
2. Given: ∠1 and ∠7 are supplementary and both exterior angles on the same side of
the transversal 𝑙1 .
Prove:𝑙2 ∥ 𝑙3
STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 1. Given
2. 2. Definition of supplementary angles
3. 3. Definition of linear pair
4. 4. Linear Pair Postulate
5. 5. Definition of supplementary angles
6 6. Transitive Property of Equality
7. 7. Addition Property of Equality
8. 8. Simplification
9. 9. Definition of congruent angles
10. 10. Definition of corresponding angles
11. 11. Converse of Corresponding Angles Postulate

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
III. Choose from the choices below on the perpendicular segments that are formed
from each given conditions.
A. 𝐸𝐹 ⊥ 𝐵𝐷 D. 𝐴𝐵 ⊥ 𝐸𝐹
B. 𝐴𝐷 ⊥ 𝐸𝐹 E. 𝐴𝐵 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶
C. 𝐸𝐵 ⊥ 𝐷𝐵 F. 𝐸𝐷 ⊥ 𝐵𝐶
____1. ∠𝐸𝐵𝐷, ∠𝐸𝐵𝐴, ∠𝐹𝐵𝐴 and ∠𝐹𝐵𝐷 are right angles.
____2. ∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 and ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶 are complementary.
____3. ∠𝐸𝐶𝐵 and ∠𝐷𝐶𝐵 are congruent and supplementary.
____4. ∠𝐹𝐵𝐴 and ∠𝐸𝐵𝐴 are congruent and supplementary.
____5. 𝑚∠𝐸𝐵𝐷 + 𝑚∠𝐹𝐵𝐷 = 180 and 𝑚∠𝐸𝐵𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐹𝐵𝐷.

What I Have Learned

Fill each blank with the correct word to complete the statement.

1. If two lines are cut by a transversal and the corresponding angles are
______________, then the two lines are parallel.
2. If two lines are cut by a transversal and the same side interior angles are
______________, then the two lines are parallel.
3. If the angles in a linear pair are congruent, then the lines containing their
sides are ____________.
4. If two lines are perpendicular, then they form ______ right angles.
5. If the angles are adjacent and _____________, the non-common sides are
perpendicular.

What I Can Do

ACTIVITY 3: VILLAGE DESIGNER!

Goal: To draw a village that shows parallel and perpendicular streets.
Role: Landscape Architect
Activity: You will design a village for a proposal to a client in your company.
Situation: A client ask your company to design a village with parallel and
perpendicular streets as they want it to be simple and uniform. You are
a landscape architect, so you are in-charge of drawing a design of the
village.
Product: (1) A drawing that shows the design of the village; (2) list of parallel
and perpendicular streets; and (3) an explanation why the streets are
parallel and perpendicular.

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
Standard for Success: A design of a village with proper label of streets, a
complete list of parallel and perpendicular streets and a clear
explanation.
Scoring Rubrics:
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Mathematical The explanation is The explanation is The explanation is The explanation is
Reasoning clear and coherent. clear and clear but illogical. not clear and
The use of the coherent. The use The use of the incomplete. The use
concept of parallel of the concept of concept of parallel of the concept of
and perpendicular parallel and and perpendicular parallel and
lines is very evident. perpendicular lines is not clearly perpendicular lines
lines is evident. stated. is not stated.
Completeness The illustration The illustration The illustration The illustration has
shows complete shows complete shows incomplete no label.
labels – parallel and labels – parallel labels – parallel and
perpendicular and perpendicular perpendicular
streets. streets. streets.
Creativity The design is close The design is not The design is not No aesthetic
to real-life and close to real-life close to real-life and principle is shown in
aesthetically but presentable. not presentable. the design
pleasing.

Assessment
Carefully read each statement then choose the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.
1. How many right angles will form when two lines are perpendicular?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
For numbers 2 and 3, refer to the figure on the right.
2. If ∠7 and ∠10 are supplementary and are interior on the same side of
a transversal, which pair of lines are parallel?
A. 𝑔 ∥ 𝑖 𝐵. 𝑣 ∥ 𝑒 C. 𝑔 ∥ 𝑒 𝐷. 𝑖 ∥ 𝑣
3. Mia wants to claim that 𝑣 ∥ 𝑒 given 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑖 is a transversal. Which
condition can support her claim?
A. ∠12 and ∠9 are same side exterior angles and
supplementary.
B. ∠9 and ∠16 form a linear pair.
C.∠8 and ∠10 are corresponding and congruent.
D. ∠14 and ∠10 are alternate interior and complementary.
4. If 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐴𝐶 form a right angle, what can you say about the two segments?
A. parallel B. coinciding C. perpendicular D. bisects each other.
5. If ∠𝐶𝐴𝑅 and ∠𝑅𝐴𝑃 are adjacent and complementary, which of the following
statements is true?
A. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑃 B. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑅 ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑃 C. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 ⊥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝑅 D. none of these

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 Additional Activities

Maria dela Cruz and Jose Gomez, surveyors from

the Philippine Statistics Authority, are tasked to ask
families in Brgy. Sto. Niño about the current
situation of every family member with ages from 18
to 60 years old amid pandemic. The head of their
team assigned Maria to start at J. Abad Santos St.
while Jose is assigned to C. Garcia St. They will survey on streets parallel to
their assigned streets.
Complete the table by identifying the parallel streets assigned to Maria and
Jose.
SURVEYORS ASSIGNED STREET PARALLEL STREETS
Maria dela Cruz
Jose Gomez

SUMMATIVE TEST
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.

1. Which statement BEST describes alternate interior angles?

A. They are complementary. C. They are supplementary.
B. They form a linear pair. D. They are congruent.
For numbers 2 - 4, refer to the figure on the right given
𝑚 ∥ 𝑝 and 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑞 is a transversal.
2. Which pair of angles are same side exterior?
A. ∠1 and ∠4 B. ∠2 and ∠5 C. ∠1 and ∠5 D. ∠7
and ∠6
3. Which mathematical statement is NOT true?
A. ∠3 ≅ ∠7 B. ∠4 ≅ ∠8 C. ∠2 ≅ ∠3 D. ∠1 ≅ ∠5
4. If 𝑚∠5 = 75, what is the 𝑚∠7?
A. 15 B. 105 C. 75 D. 125
For numbers 5 - 6, refer on ∆𝐵𝑍𝑇 with 𝐸𝑌 ∥ 𝑍𝑇.
5. What congruency statement can be formed based on
the figure?
A. ∠𝐵𝐸𝑌 ≅ ∠𝐸𝑍𝑇 C. ∠𝐵𝑌𝐸 ≅ ∠𝑍𝐵𝑇
B. ∠𝐵𝐸𝑌 ≅ 𝑍𝐸𝑌 D. ∠𝐵𝑍𝑇 ≅ ∠𝑇𝐵𝑍
6. If 𝑚∠𝐵𝑌𝐸 = 3𝑥 + 13 and 𝑚∠𝑌𝑇𝑍 = 6𝑥 − 14, what is the 𝑚∠𝐵𝑌𝐸?
A. 40° B. 45° C. 50° D. 55°

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
7. Which of the following statement/s is/are ALWAYS true when parallel lines
are cut by a transversal?
i. Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
ii. Same side interior angles of a transversal form a linear pair.
iii. Corresponding angles have equal measurement.
A. I only B. I and II C. I and III D. All are true.
For numbers 8 and 9, refer to the figure on the right.
8. Which of the following pair of angles are alternate
exterior?
A. ∠1 and ∠7 C. ∠1 and ∠6
B. ∠1 and ∠5 D. ∠1 and ∠8
9. The following statements are true EXCEPT
A. ∠1 ≅ ∠7 C. ∠4 and ∠6 are supplementary.
B. ∠2 ≅ ∠6 D. ∠2 and ∠8 are supplementary
10. Given the figure on the right, if ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐷𝑀 ∥ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐴 what theorem or postulate will
help you to solve for the angles ∠𝐷 and ∠𝑃?
A. Vertical Angles Theorem
B. Same Side Interior Angles Theorem
C. Corresponding Angles Postulate
D. Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem

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DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Michael Anjoe V. Taniegra (SEHS)

Editors: Bhielynda O. Daelo, (JDNHS)
Annalyn Santos, (MSHS)
Violentina J. Asuncion, (PHS)
Language Validator: Lourdes B. Guyong (NHS)
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo, Teacher I (SNNHS)
Layout Editor: Ferdinand B. Villegas (PHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

DISCIPLINE• GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE