Que 31. Assume that the bank maintains two kinds of account.

One called Saving Account and

the other is Current Account. The saving account provides compound interest and withdrawal
facility but no cheque book facility. The current account provides cheque book facility and
withdrawal facility but no interest. Current account holders should also maintains a minimum
balance and if the balance falls below this level, a service charge is imposed. Create a class
Account that stores customer name, account number, and the type of account. From this
derive the class curr_acct and sav_acct to make them more specific to their requirement.
Include the necessary methods in order to achieve the following task.
• Accept deposit from customer and update the balance.
• Display the balance.
• Permit withdrawal and compute the balance.
• Check for minimum balance, impose penalty if necessary and update the
balance. Display all the desired information.

Code:
import java.util.Scanner;

class Account { private String

customerName; private int
accountNumber; protected
double balance;
protected String accountType;

// Constructor
public Account(String customerName, int accountNumber, double balance, String
accountType) {
this.customerName = customerName;
this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
this.balance = balance;
this.accountType = accountType;
}

// Method to accept deposit from customer and update balance

public void deposit(double amount) {
balance += amount;
System.out.println("Deposit of $" + amount + " successful.");
}

// Method to display balance

public void displayBalance() {
System.out.println("Account Balance: $" + balance);
}

// Method to withdraw amount

public void withdraw(double amount) {
 if (balance >= amount) {
balance -= amount;
System.out.println("Withdrawal of
$" + amount + " successful.");
} else {
System.out.println("Insufficient balance.");
}
}

// Method to check for minimum balance and impose penalty if necessary

public void checkMinimumBalance(double minimumBalance, double penalty) {
if (balance < minimumBalance) { balance -= penalty;
System.out.println("Minimum balance penalty charged. Remaining balance: $" +
balance);
}
}
}

class SavingsAccount extends Account {

private double interestRate;

// Constructor
public SavingsAccount(String customerName, int accountNumber, double balance, double
interestRate) {
super(customerName, accountNumber, balance, "Savings");
this.interestRate = interestRate;
}

// Method to calculate compound interest

public void calculateInterest() {
balance += (balance * interestRate / 100);
System.out.println("Compound interest calculated. Updated balance: $" + balance);
}
}

class CurrentAccount extends Account {

public double minimumBalance;
public double penalty;

// Constructor
public CurrentAccount(String customerName, int accountNumber, double balance, double
minimumBalance, double penalty) {
super(customerName, accountNumber, balance, "Current");
this.minimumBalance = minimumBalance;
this.penalty = penalty;
 }

// Method to check for minimum balance and impose penalty if necessary

@Override
public void checkMinimumBalance(double minimumBalance, double penalty) {
if (balance < minimumBalance) { balance -= penalty;
System.out.println("Minimum balance penalty charged. Remaining balance: $" +
balance);
}
}
}

public class Lab_31 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH SINGH");

System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Create Savings Account

SavingsAccount savingsAccount = new SavingsAccount("John", 123456, 5000, 5);

// Create Current Account

CurrentAccount currentAccount = new CurrentAccount("Alice", 987654, 3000, 2000,
50);

// Deposit to Savings Account

savingsAccount.deposit(2000);

// Withdraw from Current Account

currentAccount.withdraw(1000);

// Check minimum balance for Current Account

currentAccount.checkMinimumBalance(currentAccount.minimumBalance,
currentAccount.penalty);

// Display balances
System.out.println("\nSavings Account:");
savingsAccount.displayBalance();

System.out.println("\nCurrent Account:");
currentAccount.displayBalance();

scanner.close();
}
 }

Output:

Que 32. Write a program to show the use of super.

Code:
class Parent {
int parentData;

// Constructor of Parent class

public Parent(int parentData) {
this.parentData = parentData;
System.out.println("Parent class constructor called.");
}

// Method of Parent class

public void displayParentData() {
System.out.println("Parent Data: " + parentData);
}

class Child extends Parent {

int childData;

// Constructor of Child class public

Child(int parentData, int childData) {
super(parentData); // Calling parent class constructor using super
this.childData = childData;
System.out.println("Child class constructor called.");
}
// Method of Child class
public void displayChildData() {
System.out.println("Child Data: " + childData);
}

// Method overriding Parent class method

@Override
public void displayParentData() {
super.displayParentData(); // Calling parent class method using super
System.out.println("Overridden method in Child class.");
}
}

public class LAB_32 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH KUMAR SINGH");

System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Create an object of Child class
Child childObj = new Child(10, 20);

// Call methods of Child class

childObj.displayParentData();
childObj.displayChildData();
}
}
Que 33. Assume that the publishing company markets print books and digital
books. Create a class named Publication with data members named title, price
and authors name. from Publication class derive two classes named Books and
Ebooks. The Book class adds a page count data member named pcount while
Ebook adds data member playing time name ptime. Each of the classes must
have member functions getdata() to read class specific data from keyboard and
displaydata() to output the class specific data to the computer screen. Write a
Program to test these classes.

Code:
import java.util.Scanner;

class Publication {
String title; double
price; String
authorName;

// Method to read publication data from keyboard

public void getData() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("ASHISH KUMAR SINGH: ");
System.out.println("23FS20MCA00015: ");
System.out.println("Enter publication title: "); title
= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter publication price: ");
price = scanner.nextDouble(); scanner.nextLine();

// Consume newline character

System.out.println("Enter author's name: ");
authorName = scanner.nextLine();
}

// Method to display publication data

public void displayData() {
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Price: $" + price);
System.out.println("Author's Name: " + authorName);
}
}

class Book extends Publication {

int pageCount;

// Method to read book data from keyboard

@Override public
void getData() {
super.getData();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter page count: "); pageCount
 = scanner.nextInt();
}

// Method to display book data

@Override public void
displayData() {
super.displayData();
System.out.println("Page Count: " + pageCount);
}
}

class Ebook extends Publication {

int playingTime;

// Method to read ebook data from keyboard

@Override public
void getData() {
super.getData();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter playing time (in minutes): "); playingTime
= scanner.nextInt();
// Method to display ebook data
@Override public void
displayData() {
super.displayData();
System.out.println("Playing Time: " + playingTime + " minutes");
}
}

public class LAB_33 { public static void

main(String[] args) { Scanner scanner = new
Scanner(System.in);

// Test Book class

System.out.println("Enter details for a book:");
Book book = new Book();
book.getData();
System.out.println("\nBook details:");
book.displayData();

// Test Ebook class

System.out.println("\nEnter details for an ebook:");
Ebook ebook = new Ebook();
ebook.getData();
System.out.println("\nEbook details:");
ebook.displayData(); scanner.close();
}
Output:

ASHISH KUMAR
SINGH:
23FS20MCA00015:
Enter publication title:
Java Programming
Enter publication price:
50
Enter author's name:
John Doe
Enter page count:
300

Book details:
Title: Java Programming
Price: $50.0
Author's Name: John Doe
Page Count: 300

Enter details for an ebook:

Enter publication title:
Introduction to Algorithms
Enter publication price:
40
Enter author's name:
Jane Smith
Enter playing time (in minutes):
120

Ebook details:
Title: Introduction to Algorithms
Price: $40.0
Author's Name: Jane Smith
Playing Time: 120 minutes

Que 34: Assume that a shape interface contains the data members PI and
functions area () and perimeter (). Implement these two methods according to
type of shape like circle, rectangle and square classes.

Code: interface
Shape {
double PI = 3.14159; // Constant PI

double area(); // Method to calculate area

double perimeter(); // Method to calculate perimeter
}

class Circle implements Shape {

private double radius;

// Constructor
public Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
 // Implementing interface method to calculate area of circle
public double area() { return PI * radius * radius;
}

// Implementing interface method to calculate perimeter of circle

public double perimeter() {
return 2 * PI * radius;
}
}

class Rectangle implements Shape {

private double length;
private double width;

// Constructor
public Rectangle(double length, double width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}

// Implementing interface method to calculate area of rectangle

public double area() {
return length * width;
}

// Implementing interface method to calculate perimeter of rectangle

public double perimeter() {
return 2 * (length + width);
}
}

class Square implements Shape {

private double side;

// Constructor public
Square(double side) {
this.side = side;
}

// Implementing interface method to calculate area of square

public double area() {
return side * side;
}

// Implementing interface method to calculate perimeter of square

public double perimeter() { return 4 * side;
}
}

public class LAB_34 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
 System.out.println("Name :ASHISH KUMAR SINGH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Creating objects of Circle, Rectangle, and Square classes
Circle circle = new Circle(5);
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4, 6);
Square square = new Square(3);

// Displaying area and perimeter of each shape

System.out.println("Circle:");
System.out.println("Area: " + circle.area());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + circle.perimeter());

System.out.println("\nRectangle:");
System.out.println("Area: " + rectangle.area());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + rectangle.perimeter());

System.out.println("\nSquare:");

System.out.println("Area: " + square.area());

System.out.println("Perimeter: " + square.perimeter());
}
}

OUTPUT
 Que 35: Assume that binary interface contains the method: binary to decimal,
decimal to binary, two’s complement and binary addition. Create the
appropriate classes to implement these methods.
Code:
interface Binary {
// Method to convert binary to decimal
int binaryToDecimal(String binary);

// Method to convert decimal to binary

String decimalToBinary(int decimal);

// Method to compute two's complement

String twosComplement(String binary);

// Method to perform binary addition

String binaryAddition(String binary1, String binary2);
}

public class LAB_35 implements Binary {

// Method to convert binary to decimal

public int binaryToDecimal(String binary) {
return Integer.parseInt(binary, 2);
}

// Method to convert decimal to binary

public String decimalToBinary(int decimal) {
return Integer.toBinaryString(decimal);
}

// Method to compute two's complement public

String twosComplement(String binary) {
StringBuilder complement = new StringBuilder();
for (char bit : binary.toCharArray()) {
complement.append((bit == '0') ? '1' : '0');
}
return complement.toString();
}

// Method to perform binary addition

public String binaryAddition(String binary1, String binary2) {
int carry = 0;
StringBuilder sum = new StringBuilder();
int i = binary1.length() - 1;
int j = binary2.length() - 1;

while (i >= 0 || j >= 0 || carry > 0) {

int bit1 = (i >= 0) ? binary1.charAt(i--) - '0' : 0;
int bit2 = (j >= 0) ? binary2.charAt(j--) - '0' : 0;
int currentSum = bit1 + bit2 + carry;
sum.insert(0, currentSum % 2); carry =
currentSum / 2;
}

return sum.toString();
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

LAB_35 obj = new LAB_35();

// Test binary to decimal conversion

String binary = "1010";
int decimal = obj.binaryToDecimal(binary);
System.out.println("Binary: " + binary + " Decimal: " + decimal);

// Test decimal to binary conversion

int number = 10;
String binaryString = obj.decimalToBinary(number);
System.out.println("Decimal: " + number + " Binary: " + binaryString);

// Test two's complement

String originalBinary = "1010";
String complement = obj.twosComplement(originalBinary);
System.out.println("Original Binary: " + originalBinary + " Two's Complement: " +
complement);

// Test binary addition

String binary1 = "101";
String binary2 = "110";
String sum = obj.binaryAddition(binary1, binary2);
System.out.println("Binary Addition: " + binary1 + " + " + binary2 + " = " + sum);
}
}
Que 36: Write a program to display the use of all access modifiers with
the help of two packages.
Code: package package_1;

public class PublicClass {

public void publicMethod() {
System.out.println("This is a public method in Package 1");
}

protected void protectedMethod() {

System.out.println("This is a protected method in Package 1");
}

void defaultMethod() {
System.out.println("This is a default method in Package 1");
}

private void privateMethod() {

System.out.println("This is a private method in Package 1");
}
}

package package2;

import package_1.PublicClass;

public class LAB_36 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH KUMAR ");

System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
PublicClass obj = new PublicClass(); obj.publicMethod();

}
 Output:

Que 37: Design a package to contain the class student and another package that
contains the interface sports. Write a program to display the Rollno, Paper1,
Paper2 and total score of the candidates.
Code:
// Package containing the Student class package
studentPackage;

public class Student {

private int rollNo; private
int paper1; private int
paper2;

// Constructor public Student(int rollNo, int

paper1, int paper2) { this.rollNo = rollNo;
this.paper1 = paper1; this.paper2 = paper2;
}

// Method to calculate total score

public int calculateTotalScore() {
return paper1 + paper2; \
}

// Method to display student details

public void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Roll No: " + rollNo);
 System.out.println("Paper 1 Score: " + paper1);
System.out.println("Paper 2 Score: " + paper2);
System.out.println("Total Score: " + calculateTotalScore());
}
}
 // Package containing the Sports interface package
sportsPackage;

public interface Sports { //

Method to get sports score
int getSportsScore();
}

// Main program to display student details

import studentPackage.Student; import
sportsPackage.Sports;

public class LAB_37 implements Sports { //

Implementing method from Sports interface
public int getSportsScore() { // Assuming
some sports score return 80;
}

public tatic void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASSHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");

// Create a Student object

Student student = new Student(101, 75, 85);

// Create an object of LAB_37 to access sports score

LAB_37 obj = new LAB_37();

// Display student details

student.displayDetails();

// Display sports score

System.out.println("Sports Score: " + obj.getSportsScore());
}
}

OUTPUT
Que 38: Write a program to show the use of simple try/catch
statement.
Code:
public class LAB_38 {
public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015"); try {
// Code that may throw an exception
int result = divide(10, 0);
System.out.println("Result: " + result); // This line won't be executed if an exception
occurs
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Catch block to handle the exception
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}

// This line will be executed regardless of whether an exception occurred or not

System.out.println("Program completed.");
}

// Method that may throw an exception

public static int divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
return dividend / divisor;
}
Que 39: Write a program to show the use of nested try/catch
statements.
Code:
public class LAB_39 { public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015"); try {
// Outer try block
System.out.println("Outer try block starts");

try {
// Inner try block
System.out.println("Inner try block starts");

// Division by zero, will throw ArithmeticException

int result = divide(10, 0);

System.out.println("Result: " + result); // This line won't be executed if an

exception occurs

System.out.println("Inner try block ends");

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Catch block for inner try block
System.out.println("Inner catch block: " + e.getMessage());
}

// This line will be executed after the inner try-catch block

System.out.println("Outer try block ends");
} catch (Exception e) {
// Catch block for outer try block
System.out.println("Outer catch block: " + e.getMessage());
}

// This line will be executed regardless of whether an exception occurred or not

System.out.println("Program completed.");
}

// Method that may throw an ArithmeticException

public static int divide(int dividend, int divisor) {
return dividend / divisor;
}
}
．．．．．
Que40: Write a program to show the use of “throw”, “throws” and
“finally” keyword.
Code:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class LAB_40 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015"); try
{
// Calling a method that throws an exception
readFromFile("nonexistentfile.txt");
} catch (IOException e) {
// Catching the exception thrown by readFromFile method
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
} finally {
// Finally block executes regardless of whether an exception occurred or not
System.out.println("Finally block executed");
}
}

// Method that throws an IOException

public static void readFromFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// Catching and re-throwing the exception
throw e; } finally {
// Closing the BufferedReader in finally block to ensure it is always closed
if (reader != null) { try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// Ignoring IOException while closing the reader
}
}
}
 }
}
Output:

Que41: Write a program to create a custom exception. Show its use with the
help o java program.
Code:
// Custom exception class class
CustomException extends Exception {
// Constructor public
CustomException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class LAB_41 {

// Method that may throw the custom exception public static void
checkNumber(int number) throws CustomException { if (number <
0) { throw new CustomException("Number cannot be negative");
} else {
System.out.println("Number is valid: " + number);
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

 System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015"); try
{
// Calling a method that may throw the custom exception
checkNumber(-5);
} catch (CustomException e) {
// Catching the custom exception
System.out.println("Custom Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:

Que42: Write a program to read two integer number and calculate the division
of these two numbers, throw an exception when wrong type of data is keyed
in. and also maintain a try block to detect and throw exception if condition
“divide by zero” occurs.

Code: import
java.util.Scanner;
// Custom exception class for invalid input data class
InvalidInputException extends Exception { public
InvalidInputException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class LAB_42 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH ");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
try
{
// Read two integer numbers
System.out.print("Enter first number: ");
int num1 = readInteger(scanner);

System.out.print("Enter second number: ");

int num2 = readInteger(scanner);

// Perform division
int result = divide(num1, num2);
System.out.println("Result of division: " + result);

} catch (InvalidInputException e) {
// Catch block for invalid input data
System.out.println("Invalid input: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Catch block for division by zero
System.out.println("Division by zero: " + e.getMessage());
} finally {
// Close the scanner
scanner.close();
}
}

// Method to read integer input from the user public static int
readInteger(Scanner scanner) throws InvalidInputException { if
(scanner.hasNextInt()) { return scanner.nextInt();
 } else { throw new InvalidInputException("Input is not
an integer");
}
}

// Method to perform division public static int divide(int

num1, int num2) { if (num2 == 0) { throw new
ArithmeticException("Cannot divide by zero");
}
return num1 / num2;
}
}

Output:

Que43: Define an exception called “NoMatchException” that is thrown when

a string is not equal to “India”. Write a program that uses this exception.
Code:
// Custom exception class NoMatchException class
NoMatchException extends Exception { public
NoMatchException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class LAB_43 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015"); try
{
// Test string
String country = "USA";

// Check if the string is equal to "India"

if (!country.equals("India")) {
// If not equal, throw NoMatchException
throw new NoMatchException("String does not match 'India'");
} else {
 // If equal, display message
System.out.println("String matches 'India'");
}
} catch (NoMatchException e) {
// Catch block for NoMatchException
System.out.println("NoMatchException caught: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:
Que44: Write a program to copy characters from one file into another using
character streams.
Code:
import java.io.*;

public class LAB_44 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Input and output file paths
String inputFile = "src/input.txt";
String outputFile = "output.txt";
try
{
// Create FileReader and FileWriter objects
FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(inputFile);
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(outputFile);

// Create BufferedReader and BufferedWriter objects

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);

// Read from input file and write to output file

String line; while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine())
!= null) { bufferedWriter.write(line);
bufferedWriter.newLine(); // Write newline character
}

// Close streams
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();

System.out.println("File copied successfully.");

 } catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:

Que45: Write a program to write bytes to a file.

Code:
import java.io.*; public
class LAB_45 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// File path
String filePath = "output.txt";
// Bytes to write to the file
byte[] bytesToWrite = {65, 66, 67, 68, 69}; // ASCII values for A, B, C, D, E

try {
// Create FileOutputStream object
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);

// Write bytes to the file

outputStream.write(bytesToWrite);

// Close the stream

outputStream.close();
System.out.println("Bytes written to the file successfully.");
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Que46: Write a program to read bytes from file by using program
no 47.
Code:
import java.io.*;

public class LAB_46 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");

// File path
String filePath = "output.txt";

try {
// Create FileInputStream object
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);

// Read bytes from the file

int byteRead;
while ((byteRead = inputStream.read()) != -1) {
System.out.print((char) byteRead); // Convert byte to char and print
}

// Close the stream

inputStream.close();

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
 Que47: Write a program to create a sequential file that could store details of
five students. Details include id, name, class, semester, three subject marks.
Compute and print students information and their total marks.
Code:

import java.io.*;

public class LAB_47 {

// Method to write student details to file

public static void writeToFile(String filePath) {
try (FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(filePath)) {
String[] students = {
"101,John,10,A,80,75,85",
"102,Alice,10,B,70,65,80",
"103,Smith,11,A,85,80,90",
"104,Emily,11,B,75,70,80",
"105,David,12,A,90,85,95"
};

for (String student : students) {

fileWriter.write(student + "\n");
}

System.out.println("Student details written to file successfully.");

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

// Method to read student details from file, compute total marks, and print information
public static void readFromFile(String filePath) {
try (FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(filePath);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader)) {
String currentLine;
while ((currentLine = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
String[] details = currentLine.split(",");
int id = Integer.parseInt(details[0]);
String name = details[1];
int classNo = Integer.parseInt(details[2]);
String semester = details[3];
int marks1 = Integer.parseInt(details[4]);
int marks2 = Integer.parseInt(details[5]);
int marks3 = Integer.parseInt(details[6]);

// Compute total marks

int totalMarks = marks1 + marks2 + marks3;

// Print student information and total marks

System.out.println("Student ID: " + id);
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Class: " + classNo);
System.out.println("Semester: " + semester);
 System.out.println("Subject 1 Marks: " + marks1);
System.out.println("Subject 2 Marks: " + marks2);
System.out.println("Subject 3 Marks: " + marks3);
System.out.println("Total Marks: " + totalMarks);
System.out.println();
}

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("Error parsing integer: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");

String filePath = "students.txt";

writeToFile(filePath);

readFromFile(filePath);
}
}
Que 48: Write a program to show reading and writing with random access file.At the same time
append some text to a file.
Code:
import java.io.*;

public class LAB_48 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// File path
String filePath = "random_access.txt";

// Write data to random access file

writeToFile(filePath);

// Read data from random access file

readFromFile(filePath);

// Append text to the file appendToFile(filePath, "This

text is appended to the file.");

// Read data from file after appending

readFromFile(filePath);
}

// Method to write data to random access file

public static void writeToFile(String filePath) {
try {
// Create RandomAccessFile object with read-write mode
RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(filePath, "rw");

// Write data to the file

randomAccessFile.writeUTF("John");
randomAccessFile.writeInt(25);
randomAccessFile.writeDouble(85.5);

// Close RandomAccessFile
randomAccessFile.close();

System.out.println("Data written to random access file successfully.");

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

// Method to read data from random access file

public static void readFromFile(String filePath) {
try {
// Create RandomAccessFile object with read-only mode
RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(filePath, "r");

// Move file pointer to the beginning of the file

randomAccessFile.seek(0);

// Read data from the file

String name = randomAccessFile.readUTF();
int age = randomAccessFile.readInt(); double
marks = randomAccessFile.readDouble();

// Print data read from the file

System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Marks: " + marks);

// Close RandomAccessFile
randomAccessFile.close(); } catch (IOException e) {
 System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}

// Method to append text to a file public static void

appendToFile(String filePath, String text) { try {
// Create FileWriter object in append mode
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(filePath, true);

// Write text to the file

fileWriter.write("\n" + text);

// Close FileWriter
fileWriter.close();

System.out.println("Text appended to file successfully.");

} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
 Que 49: Write an applet program to print Hello.
Code:
import java.applet.Applet; import
java.awt.*;

public class LAB_49 extends Applet {

public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello", 50, 50);
}
}
Output:

Hello

Que 50: Write an applet program to print Hello by passing parameter.

Code:
import java.applet.Applet; import
java.awt.*;

public class LAB_50 extends Applet {

// Parameter variable
String message;

// Initialization method
public void init() {
// Get the value of the "message" parameter
message = getParameter("message");

// If parameter is not provided, set default message

if (message == null) { message = "Hello";
}
}

// Paint method public void

paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString(message, 50, 50);
}
}

Output:

Que 51: Write a program to perform the arithmetic operations by using

interactive inputs to an applet.
Code:
/*

* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.

* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor.
*/
package applet.programs;

/**
*
* @author DS
*/ import
java.applet.Applet; import
java.awt.*; import
 java.awt.event.*;

public class LAB_51 extends Applet implements ActionListener {

// TextFields for input
TextField num1Field, num2Field;

// Labels for TextFields

Label num1Label, num2Label, resultLabel;

// Buttons for arithmetic operations

Button addButton, subtractButton, multiplyButton, divideButton;

// Initialization method public

void init() { // Initialize
TextFields num1Field = new
TextField(10); num2Field = new
TextField(10); // Initialize
Labels num1Label = new
Label("Enter first number:");
num2Label = new Label("Enter
second number:"); resultLabel =
new Label("");
// Initialize Buttons addButton = newButton("Add"); subtractButton = new
Button("Subtract"); multiplyButton = newButton("Multiply");
divideButton = new Button("Divide");

// Add ActionListener to buttons

addButton.addActionListener(this);
subtractButton.addActionListener(this);
multiplyButton.addActionListener(this);
divideButton.addActionListener(this);

// Add components to the applet

add(num1Label);
add(num1Field);
add(num2Label);
add(num2Field); add(addButton);
add(subtractButton);
add(multiplyButton);
add(divideButton);
 add(resultLabel);
}

// ActionListener method public void

actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // Get input values from
TextFields double num1 =
Double.parseDouble(num1Field.getText()); double num2 =
Double.parseDouble(num2Field.getText()); double result = 0;

// Perform arithmetic operation based on button clicked

if (e.getSource() == addButton) { result = num1 +
num2;
} else if (e.getSource() == subtractButton) {
result = num1 - num2;
} else if (e.getSource() == multiplyButton) {result = num1 * num2;
} else if (e.getSource() == divideButton) {
if (num2 != 0) { result = num1 /
num2;
} else { resultLabel.setText("Cannot
divide by zero"); return;
}
}

// Display result
resultLabel.setText("Result: " + result);
}
}
Output:
Que 52: Write a program to draw various shapes (at least 5) using methods of
graphics class.
Code:
import java.applet.Applet; import
java.awt.*;

public class LAB_52 extends Applet {

// Initialization method
public void init() {
setBackground(Color.white);
}

// Paint method public void

paint(Graphics g) {
// Draw a rectangle
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(50, 50, 100, 50);

// Draw an oval
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillOval(200, 50, 100, 50);

// Draw a line
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.drawLine(50, 150, 150, 150);

// Draw a polygon int[]

xPoints = {250, 300, 350}; int[]
yPoints = {200, 150, 200}; int
nPoints = 3;
g.setColor(Color.orange);
g.fillPolygon(xPoints, yPoints, nPoints);

// Draw an arc
g.setColor(Color.magenta);
g.fillArc(200, 200, 100, 100, 90, 180);
}
}
Output:
Que 53: Write an applet program to draw bar charts.

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Turnover (Rs.
Crores) 110 150 135 200 210 185

Code:
import java.applet.Applet; import
java.awt.*;

public class LAB_53 extends Applet {

// Data for the bar chart
 String[] years = {"2009", "2010", "2011", "2012", "2013", "2014"};
int[] turnover = {110, 150, 135, 200, 210, 185};

// Initialization method
public void init() {
setBackground(Color.white);
}

// Paint method public void

paint(Graphics g) { int
width = getWidth(); int
height = getHeight();

// Define bar chart dimensions int barWidth

= 50; int gap = 20; int startX = 50; int
startY = 50; int chartWidth = (barWidth + gap) *
years.length; int maxTurnover =
getMax(turnover);int scale = (height - 100) /
maxTurnover;

// Draw x-axis
g.drawLine(startX, height - 50, startX + chartWidth, height - 50);

// Draw y-axis
g.drawLine(startX, height - 50, startX, 50);

// Draw bars and labels for (int

i = 0; i < years.length; i++) {
// Draw bar int barHeight =
turnover[i] * scale;
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(startX + (barWidth + gap) * i, height - 50 - barHeight, barWidth, barHeight);
// Draw label for year
g.setColor(Color.black);
 g.drawString(years[i], startX + (barWidth + gap) * i + 10, height - 30);

// Draw label for turnover

g.drawString(Integer.toString(turnover[i]), startX + (barWidth + gap) * i + 10, height -
50 - barHeight - 5);
}
}
// Method to get maximum value from an array
public int getMax(int[] array) { int max =
array[0];
for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] > max) { max =
array[i];
}
}
return max;
}
}

Output:
Que54: Write an applet program to insert image, audio and video
data.
Code:
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the
editor.
*/
package applet.programs;

/**
*
* @author DS
*/ import
java.applet.*; import
java.awt.*; import
java.net.*;

public class LAB_54 extends Applet {

private Image image; private
AudioClip audioClip; private
MediaTracker mediaTracker;

public void init() { // Initialize

MediaTracker mediaTracker = new
MediaTracker(this);

// Load image
try {
URL imageURL = new URL(getDocumentBase(), "../images/image.jpg");
image = getImage(imageURL); mediaTracker.addImage(image, 0); }
catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace();
}
 // Load audio
try {
URL audioURL = new URL(getDocumentBase(), "../sound/audio.wav");
audioClip = getAudioClip(audioURL); mediaTracker.addImage(image,
1); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public void paint(Graphics g) {

// Draw image if
(mediaTracker.checkID(0)) {
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this);
}

// Play audio if
(mediaTracker.checkID(1)) {
audioClip.play();
}
}
}

Que55: Write a program to illustrate the use of multithreading. Also set

priorities for threads.
Code: class MyThread extends Thread { private String threadName;

MyThread(String name) {
threadName = name;
}

public void run() { for

(int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.println(threadName + ": " + i);
 // Pause the thread for a short while
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(threadName + " interrupted.");
}
}
}
}

public class LAB_55 {

public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH ");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread("Thread 1");
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread("Thread 2");

// Set priorities for threads

thread1.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY); // Lowest priority
thread2.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); // Highest priority // Start
the threads thread1.start(); thread2.start();
}
}
Que56: Write a program that connects to a server by using a socket and sends
a greeting, and then waits for a response.
Code: import java.io.*; import java.net.*;

public class LAB_56 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
String serverAddress = "localhost"; // Server address int
port = 12345; // Server port
try
{
// Connect to the server
Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddress, port);

// Create input and output streams

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);

// Send a greeting message to the server

out.println("Hello from client!"); //
Read the response from the server
String response = in.readLine();
System.out.println("Server response: " + response);
// Close the socket
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:

Que57: Write a program to create server application that uses the Socket class
to listen for clients on a port number specified by a command-line argument:
Code: import java.io.*; import java.net.*;

public class LAB_57 { public static

void main(String[] args) { if
(args.length != 1) {
System.err.println("Usage: java LAB_57 <port>");
return;
}

int port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); // Port number specified by command-line argument

try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port)) {

System.out.println("Server started. Listening on port " + port);

while (true) {
// Wait for a client to connect
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket);

// Create input and output streams for the client

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
 PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);

// Read data from the client

String message = in.readLine();
System.out.println("Message from client: " + message);

// Send a response to the client

out.println("Hello from server!"); // Close the
connection with the client clientSocket.close();
System.out.println("Client disconnected.");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:
Que58: Write a program to show the use of methods of the ArrayList and
LinkedList classes.
Code: import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedList;

public class LAB_58 {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Create an ArrayList
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();

// Add elements to ArrayList

arrayList.add("Apple"); arrayList.add("Banana");
arrayList.add("Cherry");

// Display elements of ArrayList

System.out.println("ArrayList:"); for
(String fruit : arrayList) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}

// Create a LinkedList
LinkedList<String> linkedList = new LinkedList<>();

// Add elements to LinkedList

linkedList.add("Xbox");
linkedList.add("PlayStation");
linkedList.add("Nintendo");

// Display elements of LinkedList

System.out.println("\nLinkedList:"); for
(String gameConsole : linkedList) {
System.out.println(gameConsole)
}

// Add an element at a specific index in ArrayList

arrayList.add(1, "Orange");
// Remove an element from LinkedList
linkedList.removeLast();

// Display modified ArrayList and LinkedList

System.out.println("\nModified ArrayList:"); for
(String fruit : arrayList) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}

System.out.println("\nModified LinkedList:");
for (String gameConsole : linkedList) {
System.out.println(gameConsole);
}
}
}

Output:
Que 59: Write a program to show how Vector class can be used.
Code:
import java.util.Vector;

public class VectorExample { public

static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH SINGH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Creating a Vector
Vector<String> vector = new Vector<>();

// Adding elements to the Vector

vector.add("Apple"); vector.add("Banana");
vector.add("Orange");

// Accessing elements in the Vector

System.out.println("Elements in the Vector:");
for (String fruit : vector) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}

// Getting the size of the Vector

System.out.println("Size of the Vector: " + vector.size());

// Removing an element from the Vector

vector.remove("Banana");

// Checking if an element exists in the Vector

if (vector.contains("Banana")) {
System.out.println("Vector contains Banana");
} else {
System.out.println("Vector does not contain Banana");
}

// Clearing the Vector

vector.clear();

// Checking if the Vector is empty

if (vector.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("Vector is empty");
} else {
System.out.println("Vector is not empty");
}
 }
}
Output:

Que 60: Write a program to search an element in a collection using

binarySearch method.
Code:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;

public class BinarySearchExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Name :ASHISH SINGH");
System.out.println("Reg. No. : 23FS20MCA00015");
// Create a sorted collection
ArrayList<Integer> numbers = new ArrayList<>();
numbers.add(10); numbers.add(20);
numbers.add(30); numbers.add(40);
numbers.add(50);

// Sort the collection (binarySearch requires a sorted collection)

Collections.sort(numbers);
// Element to searchint target = 30;

// Perform binary search

int index = Collections.binarySearch(numbers, target);

// Check if element found

if (index >= 0) {
System.out.println("Element " + target + " found at index " + index);
} else {
System.out.println("Element " + target + " not found");
}
}
}

Output: