BASICSCIENCE1

Anatomyphysiology,generalandclinicalpharmacology.
1)Whichofthefollowingtermsdescribesthebody'sabilitytomaintainitsnormalstate?
(A)Anabolism
(B)Catabolism
(C)Tolerance
(D)Homeostasis
(E)Metabolism
2)Whichofthefollowingallowsairtopassintothelungs?
(A)Aorta
(B)Esophagus
(C)Heart
(D)Pancreas
(E)Trachea
3.Whichofthefollowingclosesandsealsoffthelowerairwayduringswallowing?
(A)Alveoli
(B)Epiglottis
(C)Larynx
(D)Uvula
(E)Vocalcords
4.Whichofthefollowingislocatedbeneaththediaphragmintheleftupperquadrantoftheabdominalc
avity?
(A)Appendix
(B)Duodenum
(C)Gallbladder
(D)Pancreas
(E)Spleen
5Whichofthefollowingisthepointatwhichanimpulseistransmittedfromoneneurontoanotherneur
on?
(A)Dendrite

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(B)Glialcell
(C)Nervecenter
(D)Synapse
(E)Terminalplate
6.Whichofthefollowingcranialnervesisrelatedtothesenseofsmell?
(A)Abducens
(B)Hypoglossal
(C)Olfactory
(D)Trochlear
(E)Vagus
7.)Whereisthesinoatrialnodelocated?
(A)Betweentheleftatriumandtheleftventricle
(B)Betweentherightatriumandtherightventricle
(C)Intheinterventricularseptum
(D)Intheupperwalloftheleftventricle
(E)Intheupperwalloftherightatrium
8.Whichofthefollowingsubstancesisfoundingreaterquantityinexhaledair?
(A)Carbondioxide
(B)Carbonmonoxide
(C)Nitrogen
(D)Oxygen
(E)Ozone
9Whichofthefollowingstructuresispartofthesmallintestine?
(A)Ascendingcolon
(B)Cecum
(C)Ileum
(D)Sigmoidcolon
(E)Transversecolon
10.Whichofthefollowingorgansremovesbilirubinfromtheblood,manufacturesplasmaproteins,a
ndisinvolvedwiththeproductionofprothrombinandfibrinogen?
(A)Gallbladder

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(B)Kidney
(C)Liver
(D)Spleen
(E)Stomach
11.Whichofthefollowingisanaccessoryorganofthegastrointestinalsystemthatisresponsibleforse
cretinginsulin?
(A)Adrenalgland
(B)Gallbladder
(C)Liver
(D)Pancreas
(E)Spleen
12.)Inmen,specimensforgonococcalculturesaremostcommonlyobtainedfromwhichofthefollow
ingstructures?
(A)Anus
(B)Bladder
(C)Skin
(D)Testicle
(E)Urethra
13.Whichofthefollowingdescribestheclusterofbloodcapillariesfoundineachnephroninthekidne
y?
(A)Afferentarteriole
(B)Glomerulus
(C)LoopofHenle
(D)Renalpelvis
(E)Renaltubule
14.Malehormonesareproducedbywhichofthefollowing?
(A)Glanspenis
(B)Prepuce
(C)Prostate
(D)Testes
(E)Vasdeferens

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15.)Fertilizationofanovumbyaspermatozoonoccursinwhichofthefollowingstructures?
(A)Cervix
(B)Fallopiantube
(C)Ovary
(D)Uterus
(E)Vagina
16.Calcium,potassium,andsodiumareclassifiedaswhichofthefollowing?
(A)Androgens
(B)Catecholamines
(C)Electrolytes
(D)Estrogens
(E)Prostaglandins
17..Whichofthefollowingiscalledwhitepartofthehumaneye?
a.Uvea
b.Tunic
c.Sclera
d.Noneofthese
18..Juxtaglomerularapparatusofkidneysecretes?
a.Vasopressin
b.Renin
c.Secretin
d.Glomerulin
19.Whichofthefollowingsystemdilatesthetrachea,bronchi,andlungs?
a.Sympatheticsystem
b.Parasympatheticsystem
c.Eitherofthem
d.Noneofthese
20.Whichcellsintheblooddonothaveanucleus?

(A)Lymphocyte

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(B)Monocyte
(C)Erythrocyte
(D)Basophil
(E)Neutrophil
21.Whichlawsubsidizesdrugcompaniesfortheproductionofmedicationstotreatraredisorders?
A.Harrison'sDrugact
B.OrphanDrugact
C.RareDrugAct
D.ComprehensiveDrugact
22.Themostcommonangleforintramuscularinjectionis;
A.45degrees
B.60degrees
C.90degrees
D.10degrees
23.Asemiconsciouspatientisbroughtintotheemergencyroomcomplainingofnauseaandvomiting.
Therouteofchoicefortheorderedmedicationwouldbe:
A.Oral(PO)
B.Sublingual
C.Vianasogastrictube
D.Rectally
24.A2-year-
oldpatientmustreceiveaninjection.ThenurseknowsthattheIMsiteofchoiceforthispatientwouldbe
:
A.Dorsogluteal
B.Ventragluteal
C.VastrusLateralis
D.Deltiod
25.ThepHvalueiscalculatedmathematically
asthe
(a)Logofthehydroxylion(OH–)concentration
(b)NegativelogoftheOH–concentration
(c)Logofthehydrogenion(H+)concentration

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(d)NegativelogoftheH+concentration
(e)RatioofH+/OH–concentration
26.Whichtissuehasthegreatestcapacityto
bio-transformdrugs?(a)Brainb)Kidney
(c)Liver(d)Lung
(e)Skin
27.ThisdrughasactivityagainstmanystrainsofPseudomomasaeruginosa.However,wheniti
susedalone,resistancehasemergedduringthecourseoftreatment.
Thedrugshouldnotbeusedinpenicillinallergicpatients.Itsactivityagainstgramnegativerods
isenhancedifitisgivenincombinationwithtazobactam
a)Amoxicillin(b)Aztreonam(c)Imipenem
(d)Piperacillin(e)Vancomycin
28.Inpepticulcer,antacidsarenowprimarily
usedfor
(a)Promptpainrelief
(b)Ulcerhealing
(c)Preventingulcerrelapse
(d)Controlofbleedingfromtheulcer
29.Whichoneofthefollowingdrugsisnotusefulindysmenorrhea?
(a)Aspirinb)Colchicinec)Ibuprofen
(d)Rofecoxib(e)Naproxen
30.Currentcriteriausedinthediagnosisofdiabetesmellitus(DM)includeallofthe
followingsymptomsexcept
(a)Fastinghyperglycemia
(b)Polyuria
(c)Polydipsia
(d)Tinnitus
(e)Weightloss

SectionB:30marks
1.Defineanatomyandphysiology.2mks
2.whatdoyouunderstandbyajoint.2mks
3.clearlyexplainthedifferencebetweenexternalandinternalrespiration.10mks
4.explainthecardiacconductionsystem.10mks
5.list6hormonesandgivetheirfunctions.6mks

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SECTIONC:40MARKS
1.A5yearsoldboyisrushedtothehospitalwith3episodesofconvulsion,feverandneckstiffness.Labo
ratorytestsweredoneandadiagnosisofmeningitiswasmadeandthepatientwasstartedonantibiotics.
a.whatismeningitis.
b.whatismeninges?listthelayersofthemeninges.
C.classifyantibioticsandgiveoneexampleofdrugforeachclass.20mks
2)A60yearoldmanisrushedtothehospitalbecauseofacuteubackrinaryretention.Aurinarycatheteri
splacedtorelievetheurine.
a.listthestructuresthatmakeupthemaleurinarysystem.
B.describetheprocessofurineformation.20mks

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