IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOMATIC

POWER SAVING SYSTEM

MINI PROJECT - II REPORT

Submitted by

KAVYA.S (2002111)
PAVINITHA.I (2002141)
PREETHI.V (2002146)

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERIG

SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

[Educational Service: SNR Sons Charitable Trust]
[Autonomous Institution, Reaccredited by NAAC with A+ Grade]
[Approved by AICTE and Permanently Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai]
[ISO 9001:2015 Certified and All Eligible Programme Accredited by NBA]
VATTAMALAIPALAYAM, N.G.G.O. COLONY POST,
COIMBATORE – 641 022

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI - 600025

MARCH - 2023
 SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
COIMBATORE – 641 022

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
20EC280- MINI PROJECT II

Certified that this 20EC280 - Mini Project - II Report “IMPLEMENTATION

OF AUTOMATIC POWER SAVING SYSTEM” is the bonafide work of
Kavya.S.(2002111), Pavinitha.I(2002141), Preethi.V(2002146) who carried
out the project under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Mrs.E.SHANTHINI,M.E., Dr.M.JAGADEESWARI,M.E.,Ph.D.,
Supervisor Head of the Department
Department of ECE Department of ECE
Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College
Coimbatore- 641 022 Coimbatore-641 022

Submitted for the Mini Project Viva-Voce Presentation held on

ii
 ABSTRACT

The Electricity price and demand for power is predicted to increase

exponentially in the next several years. In fact, the world’s demand for power

is increasing faster than the demand can be met. Consequently, industries,

homes, and businesses are already taking power saving measures to save money

and to become more eco-friendly. Majority of the time, when leaving a room,

people forget to turn off the lights and fans which lead to energy wastage. An

automated power-saving system is suggested as a solution to prevent this by

using the concept of counter. Based on the number of persons inside the room,

the lights and fans will be switched on and off automatically. The count will be

incremented by one every time when someone enters the room. Similarly, the

count will be decremented by one when someone exits the room. Therefore,

when the count is greater than or equal to one, it indicates that there are some

people inside the room, so the light and fan will remain on. When the count

decreases to zero, it indicates that there is no one inside the room, so all the

lights and fan will be turned off automatically. As a result, this prototype can

cut down power wastage in spaces where people frequently forget to turn off

the appliances.

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 Acknowledgment

We put forth our heart and soul to thank ALMIGHTY for being with us all
through this technical adventure.

We express our heartfelt thanks to our esteemed Managing Trustee, Sri. D.

Lakshmi Narayanaswamy, B.Tech., MBA., and Joint Managing Trustee
Thiru. R. Sundar, B.A, MBA., for their invaluable support.

We thank our Principal, Dr. N.R. Alamelu, B.E. (Hons.), M.E., Ph.D.,Sri
Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, for her benevolent
patronage in carrying out this project.

We express our sincere respect and gratitude to our Professor & Head Dr.M.
Jagadeeswari, M.E., Ph.D., Department, Electronics and Communication
Engineering for her continuous encouragement and motivation throughout the
project.

We are indebted to our Mini Project Coordinator Mrs.R.KARTHIKAMANI,

M.E., Assistant Professor (Sl.G) and our Supervisor, Mrs.E.Shanthini,M.E.,
Assistant Professor(SI.G) for providing encouragement and guiding us
throughout this project with enthusiasm and enabling us to complete it within
the stipulated time.

We extend our thanks to all the teaching, non-teaching faculty members of our
department and other departments, friends, and family members for their
support in carrying out the mini-project successfully.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTE TITLE PAGE

RNO. NO.
ABSTRACT ii

LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF ABBREVATIONS vii
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW 1
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 3
2.1 INTRODUCTION 3
2.2 BACKGROUND 4
2.3 SUMMARY 7
3 METHODOLOGY AND WORKING 9
PRINCIPLE
3.1 PRINCIPLE OF AUTOMATIC POWER SAVING
SYSTEM
3.2 WORK FLOW OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM 10
3.3 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 11
3.3.1 NODE MCU 12
3.3.2 5V SINGLE CHANNE; RELAY MODULE 13
3.3.3 E18D80NK IR SENSOR 17
3.3.4 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY 18
3.4 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 19
3.4.1 ARDUINO SOFTWARE IDE 19
3.5 INNOVATIVENESS OF THE SOLUTION 20
3.6 IMPACT OF THE PRODUCT 21
3.7 UNIQUENESS AND FEATURES 21
3.8 SUMMARY 21

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4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 23

4.1 RESULTS FOR AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY 23

4.2 SUMMARY 25
5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 26
5.1 CONCLUSION 26
5.2 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 26
REFERENCES 27

vi
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

NO. NO.
1.1 Typical daily demand for electricity 2
3.1.1 Methodology 9
3.2.1 Position of E18-D80NK IR sensor at the door 10
3.3.1 Conceptual diagram 11
3.3.2 ESP8266 Node MCU Board 12
3.3.3 Pin Diagram of ESP8266 Node MCU 13
3.3.4 Internal circuit Diagram of 5V single channel 14
3.3.5 Relay 16
3.3.6 5V single channel relay module 17
3.3.7 E18D80NK IR Sensor 18
3.3.8 Internal connections of E18D80NK IR Sensor 19
LCD Pin diagram
4.1 Results for automatic power supply 23
4.2 LCD display indication when the input person is 1 23
4.3 LCD display indication when the input person is 2 24
4.4 LCD display indication when the output person is 24
2
4.5 LCD display indication when the input person is 1 24

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 LIST OF ABBREVATIONS

IHAS Intelligent Home Automation System

IOT Internet Of Things
GUI Graphical User Interface
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
MQTT MQ Telemetry Transport
IFTT If This Then That
DSP Digital Signal Processing
PCB Printed Circuit Board
IDE Integrated Development Environment

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The main objective is to deliver a complete overview about the project. This
chapter gives information about the importance of electricity conservation. It
also gives a detailed knowledge about the factors that causes wastage of
electricity and power.

1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW

Electricity is a necessary part of modern living. Along with providing

wholesome and secure illumination throughout the day, it also cools down
dwellings on sweltering summer days in many nations and warms them up
throughout the winter in others. It permits the utilization of electronic and
electrical appliances everywhere when the usage of electricity is required to
ensure their appropriate operation. Even though hundreds of millions of people
are daily connected to the power grid, most of them do not consider where their
electricity comes from or how much it costs to create. The average amount of
energy used by a home in India depends on a variety of factors, including the
scale of the property, the number of people, and the devices and technology
being utilized.
According to the International Energy Agency, a residential building in
India used 110 kilowatt hours of electricity on a monthly average in 2019.
Nevertheless, because this is simply an average. Auditor and technological
experts say that if we stop wasting electricity each month, we may save between
5 and 10%. However, it is difficult to achieve because of human’s unpredictable
state of actions. Hence, we provide a smart solution on reducing this power
consumption.

1
 Figure 1.1 Typical daily demand for electricity

Majority of the time, when leaving a room, people forget to turn off the lights
and fans which lead to energy wastage. An automated power-saving system is
suggested as a solution to prevent this by using the concept of counter. Based
on the number of persons inside the room, the lights and fans will be switched
on and off automatically. The count will be incremented by one every time
when someone enters the room. Similarly, the count will be decremented by
one when someone exits the room. Therefore, when the count is greater than or
equal to one, it indicates that there are some people inside the room, so the light
and fan will remain on. When the count decreases to zero, it indicates that there
is no one inside the room, so all the lights and the fan will be turned off
automatically. As a result, this prototype can cut down power wastage in spaces
where people frequently forget to turn off the appliances.

2
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

The product development process requires a large survey of existing methods

and growing technology. Various literature surveys from different journals and
conference paper have been studied for best results.

2.1 INTRODUCTION

We use electricity more than any other type of energy since it is a

fundamental component of nature. Electricity, a subsidiary energy source used
by humans, is produced by converting primary energy sources including coal,
natural gas, oil, and nuclear energy. Primary sources are the first natural sources
of electricity.
Numerous villages and cities were constructed next to waterfalls, which
were used as the leading contributor of mechanical energy for water wheels.
And before the advent of electricity generation a little more than 100 years ago,
kerosene lights were used to illuminate homes, iceboxes were used to keep food
cold, and wood or coal-burning stoves were used to heat rooms. The time of
day, the weather, and the day of the week all affect how much energy is
consumed in homes and businesses. Electricity must often be produced now it
is used. The proper amount of electricity must be produced to fulfil demand,
which requires cooperation between electric utility companies and system
operators. Operators can respond to rising demand by increasing output from
power plants that are currently in operation, generating electricity from plants
that are currently running at a low capacity or in standby, producing electricity
from far-off sources, or calling on end users who have agreed to reduce their
grid usage.

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2.2. BACKGROUND

1. Shaikh Mulla Shabber; Mohan Bansal; P Mrudula Devi; Prateek Jain;

‘iHAS : ‘an Intelligent Home Automation System’ for Smart city, IEEE
International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES), 2021.
People nowadays are looking for ways to make their lives better by utilizing
the most recent technologies. Over the past ten years, various home automation
systems have become more and more popular since they increase comfort and
quality of life. The proposed work investigates an intelligent home automation
system (iHAS) that enables users to remotely monitor house electrical
equipment. With the help of a computer system, Mobile phone with network
connectivity, you can utilize this system to explain how all of your home
appliances work together and control them. Without making any infrastructure
adjustments, the home automation system can be implemented in current home
environments. In this study, the design and implementation of a Wi-Fi enabled
microcontroller-based individual control smart home device were analyzed.
Using simply a Mobile application and a Wi-Fi connection, the individual can
have total control over the equipment and appliances in the home from any
location.

2. A. Arunachalam; R. Raghuram; P. Obed Paul; J.Vishnupriyan ‘A

System for Energy Management and HomeAutomation’, International
Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking
(ICSCAN), 2021.
Home automation has captured the interest of most people because it is a
wonderful method to demonstrate luxury safety and aid to one's life.
Automation to conserve energy has also arise since the cost of electricity has
climbed in accordance with house amenities. Therefore, in order to conserve
energy, the systems govern household loads like lights, fans, and air

4
 conditioners so that they only turn on when someone is there and shut off in an
automatic manner if not used. The human presence sensing system can be
replaced with a piezoelectric sensor, which senses pressure by generating a
certain amount of energy, which changes the idea of supplying power to the
sensors, for conserving energy itself. But the reality is that the sensors used in
this light and fan, work by utilizing a sum of energy.

3. Shruti Dash; Pallavi Choudekar; ‘Home Automation Using Smart

Devices and IoT’, 9th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom
Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO)
2021.
Most home automation systems that have been created so far have been
concentrated on just one feature, usually remote appliance control. Although
there have been many advancements in the technologies used which are
primarily based on Bluetooth—there is still room to introduce new systems and
configurations. With the use of a smart monitoring system, a smart energy meter,
and an Internet of Things-based appliance control setup, this study tries to create
a more complete home automation system. This model employs numerous
cutting-edge technologies in addition to being fresh in terms of the features
included. The designed model has successfully undergone testing and
verification.

4. Md. Ibne Joha; Md. Shafiul Islam; ‘IoT based smart home automation
using NodeMCU: A Smart Multi-Plug with Overload and Over
Temperature Protection’, 24th International Conference on Computer and
Information Technology (ICCIT) 2021.
Internet connectivity is widely available and easily accessible in the current
era. As a result, it has evolved into a necessary component of daily life. The
Internet of Things (IoT) is a network where gadgets, appliances, and other

5
objects are linked to the network via the internet together with sensors and
software. This study provides a strategy for monitoring and controlling home
appliances using an IoT-based smart multi-plug that is simple and easy to use.
Through the smartphone Blynk framework, this smart multi-plug may be
accessed, watched over, and operated using a smartphone over Wi-Fi. No
further code is needed for this, regardless of the network connection being used,
letting this multi-plug practical and user-friendly. Additionally, it guards
against overload and overheating damage to the plugs and appliances.
Additionally, it provides timed configuration for each plug and voice command
control via Google Assistant, saving electricity as well as time and effort from
users.

5. Sansid Hossain Tayef; Md. Muhidur Rahman; Md.Abu Bakkar Sakib;

‘Design and Implementation of IoT based Smart Home Automation
System’, 24th InternationalConference on Computer and Information
Technology (ICCIT) 2021.
In a smart home, all household gadgets and appliances can be automated from
any linked web location around the globe using a smartphone or other device.
Due to high pricing and challenging maintenance requirements, most users
cannot access many contemporary systems. Additionally, the current systems
can be controlled locally or remotely. The absence of an intuitive GUI is the
also another issue. This project suggests a low-cost, hybrid (local and remote),
IoT-based home automation system that supervises and controls household
appliances quickly and effectively through a user-friendly functionality using
smartphones and/or laptops in order to address these restrictions. The project's
objective is to use IoT technology to build the design and manufacture of a
conventional smart home prototype. This project uses the MQTT (MQ
Telemetry Transport) data transmission system to develop and display a smart
home that includes various smart devices used for home automation, such as

6
intelligent fans, lights, doors, sprinkler systems, etc., as well as various sensors.
We employ the Cayenne IOT platform, which uses the MQTT system to
publish or subscribe, i.e., retrieve information, and an If This Than That
(IFTTT) interface, to regulate these smart items and sensors. In terms of the
hardware, we must use the NodeMCU-ESPS266 microcontroller, which comes
with an integrated Wi-Fi communication system. Because its relatively
inexpensive and has strong performance qualities, NodeMCU is an extensively
utilized controller.

2.3. SUMMARY

Finally, the survey concluded after referred several power saving systems. Most
of the users preferred easily accessible. Usually people forgot to turn off the
appliances while leaving the room, this leads to energy wastage This project
designed as a smart system used to turn on /off the electrical appliances
automatically without human intervention. This project is of low cost and
efficiency of the project is more compared to the previous methods. Using this
project, automatic controlling and monitoring the number of persons entering
and leaving the room is done. Automatic power saving system helps users to
consume energy by turning on the electrical appliances while person entering
the room and turned off automatically when no one inside the room using
counter. The accuracy of counter is the major backbone in preparing the report.

7
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY AND WORKING PRINCIPLE

The product has two parts for implementing the process. The first one is the
hardware part and the next is software part. The procedure, software and
hardware components used in the product are explained in detail in this chapter.

3.1 PRINCIPLE OF AUTOMATIC POWER SAVING SYSTEM

There are several methods to automate the process of power saving but still the
accuracy is low. Therefore, we have come with an idea that controls the
frequently using appliances such as light and fan based on the number of people
inside the room. This approach will count the number of people entering or
leaving the room. Based on the count, the lights and fans will be turned on/ off
automatically.

Fig.3.1.1. Methodology
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 If the number of individuals inside the room is zero, then the lights and fan
will be turned off. If the number of individuals inside the room is greater than
or equal to one, the lights and fan will be turned on automatically. The count
will increase by one every time when someone enters the room. when the count
is equal to or greater than one, the lights and fan will be turned on. The count
will decrease by one every time when someone leaves the room. when the count
becomes zero, the lights and fan will be turned off. Hence, this approach will
be useful in case where people forget to turn off lights and fan when leaving a
room.

3.2. WORK FLOW OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

The implementation of real time automatic power saving system is been

implemented in faulty cabin. The connections of the components are shown in
Fig.3.2.1. The two E18D80 NK IR proximity sensor will be placed at the entry
of the Cabin as shown below.

Fig.3.2.1. Position of E18-D80NK IR sensor at the door.

If the output sensor detects before the input IR sensor, the count will be
incremented to one. Similarly, if the input sensor detects before output sensor,
then the count will be decremented to one. These counts will be displayed in
the 16X2 LCD display. Based on the count, the lights and fan will be controlled.

9
If (count >=1)
//node send signal to relay to turn on lights and fans
Else if(count==0)
//node send signal to relay to turn off lights and fans

3.3. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

The design of implementation of real time automatic power saving system

consists of four main components namely ESP8266 Node MCU,16x2 LCD
display, 5V relay and E18-D80NK IR proximity sensor. The Node MCU is a
low-cost microcontroller that is used to connect two or more objects together.
E18-D80NK IR sensor is a low-cost IR proximity sensor that is used to detect
obstacles in the range of 4cm to 70 cm. Relay are electrically operated switches
that open and close according to the input. Signal. Apart from this LCD plays
the major role in displaying the number of persons inside the room. The
conceptual diagram is shown is fig.3 where the below components are included

Fig.3.3.1. Conceptual diagram

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 3.3.1. Node MCU

A free IoT platform is NodeMCU. Hardware based on the ESP-12 module is

included, as well as firmware that utilizes the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC. These
samples' NodeMCU apps were created using the simple and understandable
Lua scripting language.

Device Features: -

The Node MCU board includes the following specifications.

 Microcontroller: Tensilica 32-bit RISC CPU Xtensa LX106

 Operating Voltage: 3.3V
 Input Voltage: 7-12V
 Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 16
 Analog Input Pins (ADC): 1
 UARTs: 1 SPIs:1 I2Cs:1
 Flash Memory: 4 MB
 SRAM: 64 KB
 Clock Speed: 80 MHz
 USB-TTL based on CP202 is included onboard, Enabling Plug n Play

Figure 3.3.2 ESP8266 Node MCU Board

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 Figure 3.3.3 Pin Diagram of ESP8266 Node MCU

3.3.2. 5V single channel relay module

Relay is an electromechanical device that uses an electric current to open or

close the contacts of a switch. The single-channel relay module is much more
than just a plain relay, it comprises of components that make switching and
connection easier and act as indicators to show if the module is powered and if
the relay is active or not. This is single Channel 5V Relay Board Module for
Arduino PIC AVR DSP ARM. A wide range of microcontrollers such as
Arduino, AVR, PIC, and ARM and so oncan control it. Each one needs 15mA
- 20mA driver current and equipped with high current relay: DC 5V / 10A, AC
250V / 10A standard interface that can be compatible with microcontroller.

Specification and Features: -

 Single channel relay board

 Operating Voltage 5V
 Max Current: 20mA

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 Relay Contact Current Capacity at AC250V: 10A
 Relay Contact Current Capacity at DC5V: 10A
 One normally closed contact and one normally open contact
 Triode drive, increasing relay coil
 High impedance controller pin
 Pull-down circuit for avoidance of malfunction
 Power supply indicator lamp
 Control indicator lamp
 Indicator for Relay output status

Figure 3.3.4. Internal circuit Diagram of 5V single channel relay module

The single-channel relay module is much more than just a plain relay, it
contains components that make switching and connection easier and act as
indicators to show if the module is powered and if the relay is active. First is
the screw terminal block. This is the part of the module that is in contact with
mains so a reliable connection is needed. Adding screw terminals makes it
easier to connect thick mains cables, which might be difficult to solder directly.
The three connections on the terminal block are connected to the normally
open, normally closed, and common terminals of the relay. The second is the
relay itself, which, in this case, is a blue plastic case. Lots of information can
be gleaned from the markings on the relay itself. The part number of the relay
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on the bottom says “05VDC”, which means that the relay coil is activated at
5V minimum – any voltage lower than this will not be able to reliably close the
contacts of the relay.
There is also voltage and current markings, which represent the maximum
voltage and current, the relay can switch. For example, the top left marking says
“10A 250VAC”, which means the relay can switch a maximum load of 10A
when connected to a 250V mains circuit. The bottom left rating says “10A
30VDC”, meaning the relay can switch a maximum current of 10A DC before
the contacts get damaged. The 'relay status LED' turns on whenever the relay
is active and provides an indication of current flowing through the relay coil.
The input jumper is used to supply power to the relay coil and LEDs. The
jumper also has the input pin, which when pulled high activates the relay. The
switching transistor takes an input that cannot supply enough current to directly
drive the relay coil and amplifies it using the supply voltage to drive the relay
coil. This way, the input can be driven from a microcontroller or sensor output.
The freewheeling diode prevents voltage spikes when the relay is switched off.
The power LED is connected to VCC and turns on whenever the module is
powered.

Figure 3.3.5.5V single channel relay module

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 3.3.3. E18D80NK IR SENSOR

E18-D80NK Adjustable IR Infrared Proximity Sensor Switch with IR

Obstacle Avoidance Sensor. The IR sensor used in the E18-D80NK adjustable
IR infrared proximity sensor switch has a range of 3 to 80 cm. It has a simple-
to-mount chassis, which greatly simplifies prototyping. A reflection-type
photoelectric sensor, the infrared proximity switch module combines the
functions of sending and receiving infrared beams. Infrared proximity switches
operate by projecting invisible infrared light beams. Any reflections of this light
are picked up by a photodetector on the proximity switch.
Specification:

 Diffuse reflective type

 Light source: Infrared
 Sensing range: 3cm to 80cm (depends on obstacle surface)
 Input voltage: 5VDC
 Current consumption: 100mA
 Sensory distance regulator and output LED indicator
 Control signal level: High2.3V≤Vin≤5V Low-0.3V≤Vin≤1.5V

Fig.3.3.6. E18D80NK IR Sensor

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 Fig.3.3.7. Internal connections of E18D80NK IR Sensor

3.3.4. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A type of flat panel display known as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

operates primarily using liquid crystals. Since they are frequently used in
cellphones, televisions, computers, and instrument panels, LEDs offer a wide
range of applications for consumers and enterprises. When compared to the
technologies they replaced, such as light-emitting diode (LED) and gas-plasma
displays, LCDs represented a significant advancement. Compared to cathode
ray tube (CRT) technology, LCDs permitted screens to be far thinner. As
opposed to LED and gas-display displays, LCDs operate on the idea of blocking
light rather than emitting it, which results in a significant reduction in power
consumption. The liquid crystals in an LCD use a backlight to form an image
where an LED emits light.

The following are the primary features of this LCD.

1.The LCD's working voltage ranges from 4.7V to 5.3V.

2.There are two rows, each of which may output 16 characters.
3.With no backlight, the current usage is 1 mA.

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4.A 5 by 8-pixel box can be used to create any character.
5.Alphanumeric LCDs display letters and numbers.
6.Blue & Green Backlight versions of these are available.
7.Several custom-generated characters are displayed.

Fig.3.3.8.LCD Pin diagram

SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

3.4.1 Arduino software IDE: -

The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software

(IDE) - contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console,
a toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It connects
to the Arduino and Genuino hardware to upload programs and communicate
with them .The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a cross-
platform application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in functions
from C and C++.It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino compatible
boards. The source code for the IDE is released under the GNU General Public

17
License, version 2. The Arduino IDE supports the languages C and C++ using
special rules of code structuring. The Arduino IDE supplies a software
library from the Wiring project, which provides many common input and
output procedures. User-written code only requires two basic functions, for
starting the sketch and the main program loop, that are compiled and linked
with a program stub main () into an executable cyclic executive program with
the GNU tool chain, also included with the IDE distribution.

Features

• Simple & easy-to-use code editor & compiler with built-in Serial
Monitor/terminal
• Verify and checks your code for errors compiling it
• Compiles your code and uploads it to the configured board.
• See uploading below for details
• Creates a new sketch.
• Open and presents a menu of all the sketches in your sketchbook. Clicking
one will open it within the current window overwriting its content.
• Saves your sketch
• Opens the serial monitor.

3.5 INNOVATIVENESS OF THE SOLUTION

The main divergence of the product is that it controls the lights and fan even
when people forget to turn off before leaving the room. It can be implemented
in classrooms, faculty cabins etc.

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 3.6 IMPACT OF THE PRODUCT

 The light and fan will be turned on/off automatically based on the number of
individuals in inside the room

 Power saving can be implemented by using the proposed solution and it is more
eco-friendly

 Improved energy efficiency and can lower individual utility bills and conserves
electricity
.

3.7 UNIQUENESS AND FEATURES

 Best power saving system is proposed for the welfare of common people in a
cost-efficient way.

 The Number of people inside the room can be identified any time by the LCD
display and the lights and fan I controlled by the number.

 Increases the electricity conservation and helps in power management by

every individual in daily life.

3.8 SUMMARY

This chapter briefly illustrates the methodology followed during the

implementation of the product. Microcontroller, E18D80NK IR Sensor, and all
other components that are used for hardware implementation is explained
briefly with its features. The IOT device Software that works by the program
coded by the user helps in the implementation of the software part of the
product.

19
 CHAPTER 4
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This project has successfully overcome the problem of controlling the power
supply of fans and lights in manual manner and the implementation of real time
automatic power saving system is been implemented in faulty cabin. The result
of the project is shown in below figures.

4.1 RESULT FOR AUTOMATIC SMART CONTROL

Figure 4.1 Node MCU and sensor Connection of the hardware setup

Figure shows the hardware setup interfaced with Node MCU to process the
data from the sensors.
Initially the sensors are at the position to detect the person entering and exiting
the room.

Figure 4.2 LCD display indication when the input person is 1

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The LCD display shows the input person count is 0 at initial, then it is
incremented by 1 when a person enters the room.

Figure 4.3 LCD display indication when the input person is 2.

Similarly, the count gets incremented by 1 and the input person becomes 2 in
the LCD display when the second person enters the room.

Figure 4.4 LCD display indication when the output person is 2

The LCD display shows the output person count is 2. Now the count gets
decremented by 1 when the output person exits the room.

Figure 4.5 LCD display indication when the output person is 1

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Similarly, the count gets decremented by 1 each time in the output person when
a person exits the room. The above Figures shows that the number of persons
entering and exiting the room ,accordingly the lights and fans are switched on
and off.

4.2 SUMMARY

The count of the person entering and exiting the room is noted,
accordingly the fans and lights get switched on and off automatically. The count
gets incremented by 1 when a person enters the room and the count gets
decremented by 1 when a person exits the room. Therefore, it reduces the power
consumption when people forget to turn off electrical appliances while leaving
a place.

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 CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

5.1 CONCLUSION

Developed an advanced smart control system with the usage of modern

technology that can control the power of the lights and fans in a room. This is
a low expensive project with high efficiency compared to existing methods.
The power is switched on only when the people are inside the room otherwise
it is automatically switched off. this helps to save energy. The same
methodology can be implemented for all the other appliances or in large
industries. The disadvantages of the previous projects, there is no smart control
systems for small scale industries for a particular cabin or rooms. The privacy
of the individual is interrupted by placing cameras in the system. This real time
project represents a solution for easy and automated smart control system
which helps in preventing power loss in every single day.

5.2 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

In Future, this system can be further developed to multiple electronic

appliances, which can be monitored by an app that can show how much energy
or power is saved in a particular day. The saved energy or power can be later
used to other purposes. This project when developed on a large scale or
industries will reduce the power consumption and works more efficiently. This
can also be implemented in schools, colleges, work places etc.

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