UNDERSTANDING CULTURE SOCIETY AND POLITICS 12

(WEEK 2 ACTIVITY)
Name of Learner: ___________________________________________ Grade Level: _______________
Section: ____________________ Date: _____________________

A. Learning Competency Code

a. Most Essential Learning Competencies: Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society. (no
code in the MELCS)
B. Background Information for Learners
LESSON 3: CULTURE
People of the same society share aspects of their culture, such as language, values, customs or beliefs. We will
learn how society and culture exist and made us who we are today.
Culture is everything that is made, learned or shared by the members of a society, including values, beliefs,
behavior and material objects.
MATERIAL CULTURE NON-MATERIAL CULTURE
-It is visible part. - It is intangible but influences our
TWO PARTS OF
-It may be food we eat, your cars, your houses behavior like our language, beliefs,
CULTURE
or anything that member of society make values, rules of behavior, family patterns
use and share. and political system.
FIVE COMPONENTS OF CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

1.Technology – it makes our life easier. 1.Culture is Everything – implies all of person beliefs
- technology & machinery developed from the system, set of behaviors and materials possession.
application of scientific knowledge.  Material Culture is tangible and visible part of culture.
2. Symbols – cultural representation of reality.  Nonmaterial Culture is intangible and not visible part
- like statue, handshake, ring, flag etc. of culture.
3.Language – the most powerful human symbol that allow 2.Culture is Learned – can be learn through family,
us to communicate and conveys our beliefs and culture. school, church and other social institutions.
4.Values- are ideas, determine our character, the standard by
 Enculturation process of learning your own culture.
which we assess goodness, beauty or desirability.
5.Norms – defined as rules or expectations that are socially  Acculturation process of accommodating desirable
enforced. traits from other culture.
CLASSIFICATION OF NORMS  Deculturation – culture has been lost even cultural
 Mores distinguish right from wrong. traits itself is in the process of being forgotten.
Ex. Mores Laws: child abuse, rape, carnapping, etc. 3.Culture is Shared – culture is shared intergenerational.
 Folkways distinguish between right and rude. They are 4.Culture Affects Biology – Human are born into culture
referred as customs. They are measurement of behavior that have values on beauty and body.
but not approved by society. 5.Culture is Adaptive – culture is a tool for survival that
Ex. Folkways Laws: jaywalking, counter flowing etc. humans use in response to the pressures of their
 Laws are written rules of conduct enacted and enforced environment.
by government. 6.Culture is Maladaptive- Culture can cause problems
Ex. Laws: driving while drunk, theft, murder, etc. The for the people who subscribed it. These problem arise
person violating the law could get reprimanded, pay a
when environment change and culture has remained the
fine or go to jail.
same.
 Taboo is an activity that is forbidden or sacred based on
7.Culture Changes- the final characteristic of culture it is
religious beliefs or moral. Breaking a taboo is extremely
objectionable in society as a whole. never static.
Ex. Taboos: abortion, addiction, cannibalism, slavery etc.

Anthropological and Sociological Perspective on Culture and Society DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN CULTURE AND SOCIETY
SOCIOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY CULTURE SOCIETY
Society is a community or A culture is a way of life of a
group of individuals joined group of individuals. Its subjects Consist of Consist of people
together because of sustained include symbols, language, values beliefs, who interact to
bond and interaction. Its and norms. According to many behaviors, share a common
subjects include origin, anthropologist, a culture can be objects and other culture.
existence and relationships of defined as a set of learned characteristics
groups or institutions within behaviors and beliefs that
communities of people. characterize a group of people.

LESSON 4:
SOCIETY
SOCIETY
Society is a group of individuals involved in persistent
 TYPES OF SOCIETY
1. Hunting and Gathering are the earliest form of society. The members
survive primarily by hunting, trapping, fishing, and gathering edible plants.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIETY Hunting and gathering society has five characteristics.
 Family is the society’s primary institution.
 Composed of people
 It is a small society generally have less than 50 members.
 Mutual awareness, continuous
 They are nomadic (non-permanent settlers).
reciprocal interactions and  They mutually dependent to each other.
interrelationship among members.  Men are typically responsible for hunting, and women are typically
 Members have cooperation and gatherers.
share common interest. 2. Pastoral Society rely on products obtained through the domestication and
 Responsibilities held by means of breeding of animals for transportation and food. These are common in areas
division of labor and delegation of where crops cannot be supported, for example in North Africa.
authority. 3. Horticultural Society is a developing society. These societies rely on
 Members shows a pattern of cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and plants in order to survive. Horticultural
interdependence necessary to meet Society are often forced to relocate when the resources of the land are
depleted or when the water supplies decrease.
social needs.
4. Agricultural Society rely on the use of technology in order to cultivate
 Society is dynamic and changes
crops in large areas, including wheat, rice and corn. The technological
take place abruptly or gradually. advances led to an increase in population, and development of trade centers.
 Society has its own way of social 5. Industrial Society rely on advanced energy sources in order to run
control (formal or informal). machinery. Changes that occurred in industrialized societies include the
 Each society has its distinct culture. improvement of technology, and growth of social organization in which
industries and especially large-scale industries are dominant.
C. Directions/Instruction:

REMINDER: Do not write anything on the Module. Provide a yellow paper where
you can write your answers.

A. Let us try to compare and observe the cultural

differences by identifying the cultural elements of B. Give an example in each culture that
the Philippines and USA base on the following show the characteristics of the said culture.
aspect.
 Culture is everything_____.
Philippi
Culture USA  Culture is learned _________.
nes
 Cultured is shared ________.
1.  Culture affects biology______.
Language  Culture is adaptive ________.
2.Religion  Culture is maladaptive ______.
3.Costume  Culture changes _______.
4.Costume
5.Tradition
s
C. Answer the following questions.
1. How do society exist? Explain.
2. Why is culture inseparable to society and vice versa? Explain.
3. How do society change from generation to generation? Explain.
4. What are the issues faced by our society? Cite examples and explain.
5. How do you adapt in culture and as a member of society? Explain.
6. How do anthropologist and sociologist define culture and society? Explain.
7. For you, what is the significance of having a culture? Explain.
8. What are the cultural practices in your community? Cite examples.