Scribd
Upload
20 views

AGRICULTURE

The document discusses different types of agriculture including subsistence farming, commercial farming, shifting cultivation, and nomadic herding. It also addresses practices that can aid agricultural development such as crop rotation, multiple cropping, fertilizer use, irrigation, and mechanization. The climatic conditions suitable for tea cultivation are also described.

Uploaded by

Anurag Saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

AGRICULTURE

The document discusses different types of agriculture including subsistence farming, commercial farming, shifting cultivation, and nomadic herding. It also addresses practices that can aid agricultural development such as crop rotation, multiple cropping, fertilizer use, irrigation, and mechanization. The climatic conditions suitable for tea cultivation are also described.

Uploaded by

Anurag Saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

AGRICULTURE

Q1. Define Agriculture.


Ans: Agriculture is a primary activity that includes growing crops, vegetables, fruits, flowers
and rearing livestock. Agriculture is a primary activity, as it is connected
with the extraction and production of natural resources.
Q2. What are the three types of economic activities?
Ans 1. Primary activities involve the extraction of natural resources, such as agriculture,
fishing, and mining.
2. Secondary activities involve the processing of raw materials, such as
manufacturing, construction, and electricity generation.

3. Tertiary activities provide services to individuals and businesses, such as


transportation, banking, and healthcare.

Q3. Describe in detail any four types of farming. Give examples.


Ans. 1. Subsistence farming: This type of farming is practiced to meet the needs of the
farmer’s family. It is further classified into two types:

o Primitive subsistence agriculture: In this type, farmers use simple tools and
more labor to cultivate a small plot of land. The crops are grown for personal
consumption only.
o Intensive subsistence agriculture: In this type, farmers cultivate a small plot
of land using simple tools and more labor.
2. Commercial farming: This type of farming is practiced for commercial purposes, i.e.,
to sell the produce in the market. It is further classified into three types:
o Commercial grain farming: In this type, crops such as wheat and maize are
grown for commercial purposes.
o Mixed farming: In this type, farmers grow crops as well as rear livestock.
3. Shifting cultivation is also known as slash and burn agriculture. In this type of
farming, a plot of land is cleared by felling the trees and burning them. The ashes are
then mixed with soil and crops are grown. After some time, the land is abandoned
and the farmers move to a different place
4. Nomadic herding is practiced in the semi-arid and arid regions of Sahara, Central
Asia, and some parts of India, like Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir. In this type of
farming, herdsmen move from place to place with their animals for fodder and water,
along defined routes2.

Q4. What is Commercial Farming?

Ans. Commercial agriculture is a large-scale production of crops for sale, intended for
widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets.

Q5. What practices should we adopt for agricultural development?


Ans. 1. Crop Rotation: This practice involves growing different crops in a particular field in a
pre-planned sequence. It helps to maintain soil fertility and reduce soil erosion.

2. Multiple Cropping: This practice involves growing two or more crops on the same
field in a year. It helps to increase the productivity of land and provide food security.

3. Use of Fertilizers: Fertilizers are used to provide essential nutrients to the soil,
which helps to increase crop yield.

4. Irrigation: Irrigation is the process of providing water to crops. It helps to increase


crop yield and maintain soil fertility.

5. Mechanization: Mechanization involves using machines for various agricultural


activities such as ploughing, sowing, harvesting, etc. It helps to increase productivity
and reduce labour costs.

Q6. Briefly explain the climatic conditions climatic conditions suitable for the
cultivation of tea.

Ans: Tea is a beverage crop grown on plantations. It requires a cool climate and well-
distributed high rainfall throughout the year for the growth of its tender leaves. It
needs well-drained loamy soils and gentle slopes. Labour in large numbers is required to
pick the leaves. Kenya, India, China, and Sri Lanka produce the best quality tea in the world

Q7. Write a brief note on agriculture of India.

Ans: Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating soil, growing crops and rearing livestock.
It is a primary activity that provides food, raw materials and employment to millions of
people. India is an agricultural country, where about two-thirds of its population depends on
agriculture for their livelihood. Agriculture is also important for the economy, as it contributes
about 17% of the country’s GDP1.
Some of the features of agriculture in India are:

 India has a large area of arable land, which is about 54% of the total land area 2. It
also has diverse climatic conditions, which allow the cultivation of various crops such
as rice, wheat, millets, pulses, sugarcane, cotton, jute, tea, coffee and spices.
 India practises both subsistence and commercial farming. Subsistence farming is the
type of farming in which farmers grow crops mainly for their own consumption using
simple tools and methods. Commercial farming is the type of farming in which
farmers grow crops mainly for sale in the market using modern tools and methods.
 India also practises different types of farming based on the nature of land, climate
and crops. These include intensive farming, extensive farming, plantation farming,
mixed farming and crop rotation.
 India faces many challenges in agriculture such as low productivity, dependence on
monsoon, lack of irrigation facilities, soil erosion, pests and diseases, fragmentation
of land holdings, inadequate storage and marketing facilities, etc.
 India has taken various steps to improve agriculture such as introducing new
varieties of seeds, fertilisers and pesticides, promoting irrigation schemes, providing
credit and insurance facilities, organising cooperative societies and agricultural
markets, implementing land reforms and launching various programmes such as
Green Revolution, White Revolution, Blue Revolution, etc.

You might also like