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Nuclear Packet Questions

The document discusses nuclear chemistry and radioactive decay, including different types of decay, decay equations, and half-life. It provides examples of radioactive isotopes and particles involved in decay, as well as practice problems regarding half-life calculations.

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fumesluvu3000
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18 views

Nuclear Packet Questions

The document discusses nuclear chemistry and radioactive decay, including different types of decay, decay equations, and half-life. It provides examples of radioactive isotopes and particles involved in decay, as well as practice problems regarding half-life calculations.

Uploaded by

fumesluvu3000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nuclear Chemistry—The study of the atomic nucleus, its subatomic particles and the changes that

may take place within the nucleus.

Types of Decay

1. A sample of which radioisotope emits particles having the greatest mass?


(1)137Cs (2)220Fr (3)53Fe (4)3H

2. As a radioactive element emits gamma radiation only, the atomic number of the element
(1) Decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same

3. As a sample of a radioactive element decays, its half-life


(1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same

4. Compared to the 37-K, the isotope 42-K has


(1) a shorter half-life and the same decay mode
(2) a shorter half-life and a different decay mode
(3) a longer half-life and the same decay mode
(4) a longer half-life and a different decay mode

5. Which of the following radioisotopes has the shortest half-life?


(1) 14C (2) 3H (3)37K (4)32P

6. As 14C decays to 14N, the number of protons in the nucleus


(1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same

7. When cobalt-60 undergoes nuclear decay, it emits


(1) a positron (2) a neutron (3) a beta particle (4) an alpha particle

Decay Equations
1.
5.

2.

3. 6.

4. 7. Write the decay of Fe-53


TRICKY:

235
92 U + 10 n → +141 56 Ba + 3 10 n

2
H+
1 → 42He + 10 n

MORE PRACTICE REGENTS QUESTIONS:

1. Gamma rays are emanations that have


1. mass but no charge
2. neither mass nor charge
3. charge but no mass
4. both mass and charge

2. Which of the following particles has the greatest mass?


1. an alpha particle 2. a proton 3. a beta particle 4. an electron

3.Which type of emission has the highest penetrating power?


1. alpha 2. positron 3. beta 4. gamma

4.Which list of particles is in order of increasing mass?


1. proton → electron → alpha particle
2. proton → alpha particle → electron
3. electron → proton → alpha particle
4. alpha particle → electron → proton

5.The diagram represents radioactive emanations passing through an electric field.

Which type of emanation is represented by the arrow labeled 1?


1. alpha particle
2. Positron
3. beta particle
4. gamma ray
6. Which notation of a radioisotope is correctly paired with the notation of its emission particle?
1. 37Ca and
2. 235U and

3. 16N and
4. 3H and

Fission and Fusion, Artificial vs Natural Transmutation

PRACTICE:

1. Bombarding a nucleus with high-energy particles that change it from one element into another is called
1. a half-reaction
2. nuclear decay
3. artificial transmutation
4. natural transmutation

2. Which equation represents a nuclear reaction that is an example of artificial transmutation?


1. 2.
3. 4.

3. Which statement explains why nuclear waste materials may pose a problem?
1. They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time.
2. They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time.
3. They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time.
4. They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time.

4. In a nuclear fusion reaction, the mass of the products is


1. less than the mass of the reactants because some of the mass has been converted to energy
2. less than the mass of the reactants because some of the energy has been converted to mass
3. more than the mass of the reactants because some of the mass has been converted to energy
4. more than the mass of the reactants because some of the energy has been converted to mass
5. What is a problem commonly associated with nuclear power facilities?
1. A small quantity of energy is produced.
2. Reaction products contribute to acid rain.
3. It is impossible to control nuclear fission.
4. It is difficult to dispose of wastes.

Half-life

1. If 96.0 mg of Rn-222 (t=4 days) is inhaled but not exhaled or otherwise eliminated, what mass of
it remains in the lungs after 12 days.

2. What is the total number of years that must pass before 25.00 grams of an original 100.0 grams
sample of C-14 remains unchanged?

3. Lead-214 undergoes beta decay to form Bi-214. If 10.2 mg of lead-214 (t1/2=27 minutes) formed
in the lungs from the decay of Po-218, what mass remains after 54 minutes?

4. What is the half life of a radioisotope if 25.0 grams of an original 200.-gram sample of the isotope
remains unchanged after 11.46 days?

5. Actinium-226 has a half life of 29 hours. If 100 mg of actintium-226 remains after 58 hours, what
was the original mass of actinium-226?

6. The half-life of a radioisotope is 8 days. What fraction remains after the sample decays for 32
days?

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