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Hypothesis:: Title: Showing That Heat Flows Through Solids by Conduction Aims

This document describes three experiments on heat transfer: 1) Conduction is demonstrated by fixing thumbtacks to a metal rod with wax and observing which melt off first when the rod is heated, showing heat flows along the rod. 2) Convection in liquids is shown by placing paper in heated water and observing the paper move upwards, indicating hot water rises as heat transfers. 3) Convection in gases is exhibited by lighting a candle inside an inverted beaker, causing smoke to travel upwards due to hot air rising, demonstrating heat transfer through gas convection.

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Sani Ismail
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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74 views

Hypothesis:: Title: Showing That Heat Flows Through Solids by Conduction Aims

This document describes three experiments on heat transfer: 1) Conduction is demonstrated by fixing thumbtacks to a metal rod with wax and observing which melt off first when the rod is heated, showing heat flows along the rod. 2) Convection in liquids is shown by placing paper in heated water and observing the paper move upwards, indicating hot water rises as heat transfers. 3) Convection in gases is exhibited by lighting a candle inside an inverted beaker, causing smoke to travel upwards due to hot air rising, demonstrating heat transfer through gas convection.

Uploaded by

Sani Ismail
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

TITLE: SHOWING THAT HEAT FLOWS THROUGH SOLIDS BY


CONDUCTION
Aims
1. To observe the conduction of metal rod

Hypothesis:____________________________________________

______________________________________________
________________
Variables
Controlled variable
: .................................................................
Manipulated variable : .................................................................
Responding variable : .................................................................
Materials and Apparatus

Procedures
1. Four thumbtacks were fixed to a metal rod using melted wax. And label
the thumbtacks as A, B, C and D. the thumbtacks must be equally spaced
along the rod
2........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
........................................

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

3........................................................................................................................
...................

4. The thumbtacks were observed.


Result

Discussion
1. What happens to the thumbtacks when the metal rod is heated? Why?

2. Which thumbtacks fails off first ? arrange the thumbtacks according to

which falls first

......................................................................................................................
......
3. What you can say about the direction of heat flow along the metal rod?
...............................................................................................................
.............
...............................................................................................................
.............
3. Why are blocks of wood used in this activity?

Conclusio
n

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

TITLE: SHOWING THAT HEAT FLOWS THROUGH LIQUIDS BY


CONVECTION

Aims
1. to observe heat flows through liquids byconvection

Hypothesis:_______________________________________
____
___________________________________________
________

, Hot water

Variables
Manipulated__________________________________________
Responding :__________________________________________
Controlled :__________________________________________
Materials and Apparatus
Bunsen burner
Tripod stand
Beaker
Thermometer
Pieces of paper

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

1. The apparatus were set up as figure shown


2. The temperature of water in he beaker was recorded just
its surface.
3. Some small pieces of paper were put in the bottom of the
beaker
4. The water in the beaker was heated slowly
5. The movement of the beaker was observed.
6. The temperature of the water was recorded after one
minute.

Result and
Discussion
Before heating

After heating

Reading (0 C)

1. draw the flow of the papers in the beaker when the water is heated

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

2. Which part of the water is the hottest?


..
3. Which part of the water flows upwards?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conclusion

.............
.....

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

TITLE: SHOWING THAT HEAT FLOWS THROUGH GASES BY


CONVECTION
Aims
1. To observe heat flows through gases by convection
Hypothesis
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Variables
Controlled variable
:
___________________________________________________
Manipulated variable : ___________________________________________________
Responding variable : ___________________________________________________

Apparatus materials
1.
2.
3.
4.

Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

T- shaped cardboard was put into a empty beaker


A candle was fixed in the beaker
The candle was lighted in the beaker as shown in figure
A burning incense stick was placed near the mouth of the beaker.
The observation was taking placed.
The flow of incense smoke in the beaker was drawn.

Science Form1: Heat

SMK Jalan 4, B.B.Bangi

Result and discussion


Draw your flow of smoke here

1. In which direction did the smoke from the incense stick move?

2. Did the hot air rise or move downwards?


..
3. Which is denser hot air or cold air? why?

4. What is formed as a result of the movement of hot and cold air?


..
5. Can convection currents be formed in the fluid when all the parts in the
fluid are at the same temperature? Why?

Figure 3.2

CONCLUSION
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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