BACTERIAL AND

VIRAL DISEASES

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 Bacterial Diseases in Human Beings
Site of Mode of
S. No Diseases Causative Agent Symptoms
Infection Transmission

Abdominal pain,
Shigellosis Food and water
dehydration, blood
1 (Bacillary Shigella sp Intestine contaminated
and mucus in the
dysentery) by faeces
stools

Bubonic Fever, headache,

Rat flea vector-
2 Plague Yersinia pestis Lymph nodes and swollen lymph
Xenopsylla cheopis
(Black death) nodes
Larynx,
Fever, sore throat and
Corynebacterium Skin, nasal and Droplet
3 Diphtheria difficulty in
diphtheriae genital infection
breathing
passage

Contaminated Severe diarrhoea

4 Cholera Vibrio cholerae Intestine
food and water and dehydration

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 Rat flea

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 Bacterial Diseases in Human Beings
Site of Mode of
S. No Diseases Causative Agent Symptoms
Infection Transmission

Rigidity of jaw muscle,

Tetanus Clostridium Through wound
5 Muscles increased heart beat
(Lock jaw) tetani infection
rate

Headache,
Typhoid Contaminated abdominal discomfort,
6 Salmonella typhi Intestine
(Enteric fever) food and water fever
and diarrhoea

Streptococcus Droplet Fever, cough,

7 Pneumonia Lungs
pneumoniae infection painful breathing

Mycobacterium Droplet Thick

8 Tuberculosis Lungs
tuberculosis infection nasal discharge

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 Viral Diseases in Human Beings
Site of Mode of
S. No Diseases Causative Agent Symptoms
Infection Transmission
Respiratory Droplet Sore throat, cough and
1 Common cold Rhino viruses
tract infection headache
Mumps virus (RNA Saliva and
Enlargement of the
2 Mumps virus), Salivary glands droplet
parotid glands
Paramyxo virus infection

Sore throat, running

Rubella virus Skin and
Droplet nose, cough and fever,
3 Measles (RNA virus), Respiratory
infection reddish rashes on the
Paramyxo virus tract
skin, neck and ears

Liver damage, jaundice,

Parenteral
nausea, yellowish eyes,
4 Viral hepatitis Hepatitis – B virus Liver route, blood
fever and pain in the
transfusion
abdomen

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MEASLES AND MUMPS

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 Viral Diseases in Human Beings
Causative Site of Mode of
S. No Diseases Symptoms
Agent Infection Transmission
Varicella Respiratory Droplet
Mild fever with
5 Chicken pox -Zoster virus tract, skin and infection and
itchy skin, rash and blisters
(DNA Virus ) Nervous system direct contact
Fever, muscular
Intestine,
Polio virus Droplet stiffness and
6 Polio myelitis Brain, spinal
(RNA virus) infection weakness, paralysis
cord
and respiratory failure

Dengue virus
Dengue fever Mosquito Fever and painful headache,
or Flavi virus
7 (Break bone Skin and Blood vector muscle
(DEN V 1 - 4
fever) Aedes aegypti and joint pain
virus)

Mosquito Fever and joint

Alpha virus Nervous
8 Chikungunya vector pain, headache and
(Toga virus) system
Aedes aegypti joint swelling
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DISEASE CAUSATIVE AGENR TRANSMISSION SYMPTOMS
Chicken Pox Varicella Zoster Virus Air/Contact The disease results in a
(VZV) characteristic skin rash
that forms small, itchy
blisters

Ebola Initial Ebola virus Animal to man, direct fever, headache, muscle
contact with blood or pain and chills. Later, a
other body fluids of person may experience
infected persons internal bleeding
resulting in coughing or
vomiting blood

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QUESTIONS
Which of the following is NOT a water borne disease?

(a) Typhoid

(b) Mumps

(c) Hepatitis

(d) Cholera

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The Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (popularly called BCG vaccine)

(a) Jaundice

(b) Typhoid

(c) Tuberculosis

(d) Polio

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Hepatitis is caused by ______
(a) Parasite

(b) Bacteria
(c) Virus

(d) Fungi

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Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

(a)Tetanus

(b) Leprosy

(c) Rubella

(d) Malaria

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Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

(a) Ringworm

(b) Cholera

(c) Measles

(d) Typhoid

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THANK YOU!