12

Life stages
12.1 Nearest and dearest p116 Exercise 10
ANSWERS
Exercise 1a 1 If my brother hadn’t emigrated to New Zealand, our
ANSWERS kids would be closer now.
older generation: aunt, godparent, stepfather 2 If I’d known how physically exhausting bringing up kids
younger generation: niece was, I would have had them earlier.
same generation: second cousin, sister-in-law, sibling, 3 If I didn’t value my independence so much, I would
twin have had children.
4 If we weren’t such a large family, we wouldn’t need a
Exercise 1c big house.
ANSWERS 5 If I’d had siblings, I might not be as independent as I am.
2 He looks up to his older brother.
Exercise 11a
7 My sister takes after my mother.
9 I was brought up by my mother and grandmother. ANSWERS
12 Her mother tells her off when she’s badly behaved. 1 How would your life be different now if you had x
siblings?
Exercise 4a 2 If you’d been brought up in x, how would your life have
ANSWERS been different when you were a child, and how would it
Speaker 1 one be different now?
Speaker 2 four 3 What would you do in your free time if you lived in x?
Speaker 3 no more than two 4 If you were a member of the opposite sex, would
people have treated you differently as a child? Would
Exercise 4b you have a different job/goals now?
ANSWERS
Speaker 4 none
GRAMMAR REFERENCE ANSWERS
Speaker 5 at least six
Speaker 6 three Exercise 1
1 didn’t have, ’d have, ’d have
Exercise 5 2 would you live, could live, would be
ANSWERS 3 ’d known, would have stayed
a Speaker 5 4 could choose, ’d have
b Speaker 1 5 ’d spent, would have passed
c Speaker 2 6 would you do, were, were, ’d talk
d Speaker 6
e Speaker 3 Exercise 2
f Speaker 4 1 If I hadn’t missed the bus, I wouldn’t have been late
for work.
Exercise 7 2 You wouldn’t be feeling tired now if you hadn’t gone
ANSWERS to bed late last night.
a imaginary situations 3 If Alina was here tomorrow, she could/would be able
b sentence 1: past, sentence 2: present/future, to help us.
sentence 3: both 4 We would be able to/could get in the house if you
hadn’t lost the key!
Exercise 8 5 Gabby would’ve gone to the meeting if she’d known
about it.
ANSWERS
6 If you’d been listening, you’d know what to do.
a sentence 2
7 If I had your number, I could’ve called/would’ve been
b sentence 1
able to call you last night.
c sentence 3
8 If the internet was working, I would be able to/could
Exercise 9a send them the photos.
ANSWERS
1 Would and might are not stressed. Wouldn’t and couldn’t
are stressed. (Negatives are stressed)
2 /həv/

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 12.2 If I could turn back Exercise 9a
time, … p118 1
ANSWERS
I wish/If only I’d worked harder at school.
Exercise 3 2 I wish/If only I had more siblings.
3 I wish/If only I lived in the city centre.
ANSWERS
4 I wish/If only people wouldn’t park on the pavement.
1 romance, family and education
5 I wish/If only I was/were more patient.
2 Women have more regrets relating to romance.
6 I wish/If only people wouldn’t spell my name
3 things we didn’t do
incorrectly. OR I wish/If only people would spell my
4 Regret can help us to move on and make better future
name correctly.
decisions.
7 I wish/If only I didn’t worry (so much) about what
Exercise 4a people think of me.

ANSWERS GRAMMAR REFERENCE ANSWERS

a romance h money
Exercise 1
b family i health
1 had
c romance j work
2 had
d money k education
3 would stop
e family l money
4 had chosen
f work m work
5 would settle down
g parenting
6 hadn’t turned down
Exercise 4b Exercise 2
ANSWERS 1 I wish the lecture was more interesting.
a date: romantic meeting 2 I wish I wasn’t here.
b row: disagreement 3 I wish I could go home.
c settling down: having a quieter life, living in one place 4 I wish the lecturer would involve the students more.
e mean: unkind 5 I wish I enjoyed being a student.
h property: building 6 I wish I hadn’t chosen to study this subject.
j turning down: rejecting
m standing up to: defending yourself against Exercise 3
1 She wishes she had spoken to Michael last night.
Exercise 5 2 If only you could come with us.
ANSWERS 3 I wish I had a bit more money.
a Michelle  ​b Jade  ​c Greg  ​d Bill 4 I imagine Karl wishes he hadn’t said all those things.
5 If only we knew his address.
Exercise 6 6 I (really) wish he would call me.
ANSWERS
1 ’d listened  4 ’d sell 12.3 Vocabulary and skills
2 hadn’t opened 5 ’d had
3 could be development p120
Exercise 7 Exercise 1
ANSWERS ANSWERS
1 1, 2 and 5 1 cool hip in trendy the ‘in’ thing
2 3
Exercise 2
3 4
4 had in sentences 1 and 5, would in sentence 4 ANSWERS
They are usually in their twenties and thirties.
Exercise 8 Some are students and some are professionals.
ANSWERS
Exercise 3a
a 3 I wish I could be a bit less honest sometimes …
b 5 I just wish I’d had the courage to challenge her at ANSWERS
the time. 1 kind of
c 4 I wish you would sell those records. 2 art, so on
d/e 1 If only I’d listened to my dad. 3 of, creative, sort of
d/e 2 If only I hadn’t opened my big mouth!
Exercise 3b
ANSWERS
kind of
and so on
that sort of thing

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 Exercise 5a Exercise 11a
ANSWERS ANSWERS
1 8  ​2 8  ​3 12  ​4 12  ​5 10 1 second-hand
2 low-tech
Exercise 5b 3 little-known
ANSWERS 4 floral-patterned, tight-fitting
1 books and stuff like that 5 thick-rimmed
2 or milk or whatever 6 fixed-wheel
3 and posters and so on 7 turned-up, clean-shaven
4 and that kind of thing 8 home-made
5 the sort of clothes 9 old-fashioned
6 and places like that 10 run-down
11 eco-friendly
Exercise 6b
ANSWERS
Topics mentioned: hipster clothing, objects owned by
12.4 Speaking and writing p122
hipsters, hipster neighbourhoods, taste in music, attitudes Exercise 2
to the environment, hipster transport, hipster hobbies
ANSWERS
Exercise 7 1 She changed her degree course because she found it
too difficult.
ANSWERS
2 He went to work abroad because he wanted to
1 second-hand or vintage shops experience life in another country.
2 because they don’t want to be labelled 3 He went freelance after being made redundant.
3 because they have a superior attitude 4 He gave up smoking because his wife was pregnant.
4 many are vegetarian or vegan
5 they have only one gear Exercise 3b
6 taking photos using apps which make photos look old-
ANSWERS
fashioned
1 wished for 5 kick
Exercise 9a 2 grateful, for 6 With
3 thank 7 What’s
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
4 In, in 8 point, over
old-fashioned clothes
second-hand records Exercise 6
old-fashioned camera
ANSWERS
LPs are low-tech
1 of  ​2 for  ​3 up  ​4 at  ​5 in  ​6 for  ​7 to  ​8 by
floral-patterned dress
thick-rimmed sunglasses Exercise 7
home-made jam
fixed-wheel bicycle ANSWERS
tight-fitting jeans 1 winning three medals at the Helsinki Olympics
turned-up jeans 2 ‘interval training’ – making short intense efforts,
bicycles are eco-friendly sometimes running 400 metres 80 times in succession
3 He made an effort to communicate with them by
Exercise 9b learning a variety of languages.
4 She was born on the same day as him.
ANSWERS
a 4 (plain – floral-patterned) Exercise 8
b 12 (thin-rimmed – thick-rimmed)
c 10 (famous – little-known) ANSWERS
d 13 (baggy – tight-fitting) 1 unprecedented 4 a household name
e 5 (shop-bought/industrially produced – home-made) 2 pioneer 5 unheard of
f 9 (brand new – second-hand) 3 funeral
g 6 (high-tech – low-tech)
Exercise 9
h 1(bearded – clean-shaven)
i 11 (smart – run-down) ANSWERS
j 2 (harmful to the environment – eco-friendly) All of the phrases are in the biography except: He spent his
childhood in …, He was one of six children …, His life was
turned upside down when …, Life changed dramatically for
X when Y happened …

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 12.5 Video p124 Exercise 6a
1 What’s done is done.
VIDEO ANSWERS 2 Thank goodness I ignored her advice.
3 I could kick myself about it now.
Exercise 1
4 I couldn’t have wished for a better teacher.
Family: dynasty, descendant, paternal grandfather,
5 There’s no point in crying over spilt milk.
ancestor, distant relative
Politics: Prime Minister, Chancellor, Member of Parliament Exercise 6b
(MP), a 3  ​b 2, 4   ​c 1, 5
House of Commons, House of Lords, speech, orator
War: general, battle, soldier

Exercise 4
Students hear all the words apart from school and illness.

Exercise 5
1 winning key battles in Europe, as a general
2 the House of Commons
3 America
4 his father
5 the Second World War
6 speeches
7 literature

Exercise 6b
SAMPLE ANSWER
Winston Churchill was a famous British politician. He came
from a very wealthy and powerful family. He was born and
brought up in Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire. His father,
who was a very famous politician, used to bring home
colleagues and this enabled Churchill to meet some of the
greatest speakers of all time. He was prime minister during
the Second World War and during this time he made
some famous speeches. He also won the Nobel Prize for
Literature. After he died his family continued to play an
important role in politics and British life, for example, his
granddaughter helped to start the Glastonbury Festival.

Review p125
ANSWERS

Exercise 1a
1 wouldn’t have set up
2 would be
3 would go
4 hadn’t had
5 would have left

Exercise 3a
1 told
2 brought
3 talk
4 take
5 spoilt

Exercise 4
1 b  ​2 c  ​3 f  ​4 g  ​5 e  ​6 h  ​7 a  ​8 d

Exercise 5a
high-tech home-made
little-known run-down
tight-fitting clean-shaven
eco-friendly

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