CHAPTER:5

PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

Name : Dr. Deepa Sanghi
School: Saint Soldier Public School
Typology S. Statement True/False
No.
U 1 Aneuploidy is the failure of segregation of chromatide during True
cell division.
U 2 Turner's syndrome is a human genetic disorder of female. True
A 3 In Sickle Cell anaemia heterozygous individuals are False
unaffected.
U 4 Haemophilia and Thalassemia are sex linked recessive False
disease.
R 5 Mendelian disorders are determined by alteration or mutation False
in more than one gene.
A 6 Types of klinefelter syndrome is 44 + xxy. True
U 7 In Phenylketonuria, individual lacks an enzyme that converts False
the amino acid tyrosine into phenylamine.
U 8 Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle False
results in the gain of a chromosome.
R 9 Down syndrome is an example of trisomy of 21 chromosome True
in human.
U 10 Ployploidy 3500 is due to the failure of cytokmesis after True
telophase stage of cell division.
A 11 In XO and XY type of sex determination number of False
chromosome in both male and female are same.
U 12 The genotype of a haemophilic female is XnXn. True
U 13 Sickle Cell anaemia is an example of point mutation. True
A 14 Drosophila and human are the example of male heterogamety. True
U 15 In Sickle Cell anaemiavaline is replaced by glutamic acid at False
sixth position of Beta globin chain of haemoglobin molecule.
R 16 Female heterogamety two different types of gametes are True
produced by female.
U 17 In drosophila gene for white eyed and yellow bodies were True
tightly linked hence showed only 1.3% recombination.
U 18 Myotonic Dystrophy is an example of autosomal recessive False
trait.
R 19 Nothing was proposed by Alfred Strutevant. True
U 20 Starch grains are synthesized effectively by BB and the seeds True
are round in pea.
 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
EXERCISE :1
1. A disease caused by an autosomal primary non- disjunction is
a. Down's syndrome b. Klimefelter's syndrome
c. Turner's syndrome d. Sickle cell anemia

2. Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule
syntheis. Select the correct statement
a. both are due to a quanlitative defect omglobin chaim synthesis
a. both are due to a quantitative defect omglobin chaim synthesis
c. Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin mole
d. Sickle cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of globin molecules

3. Mendel, conducted hybridisation experiments on garden pea in the period of years-

a. 1856-1863 b. 1840-1847
c.1857-1869 d. 1870-1877

4. Among the following , which character was not considered by Mendel in his experiment-
a. Pod - Inflated or constricted
b. Seed - Green or yellow
c. Flower - pruple or white
d. Starch grain - large or small

5. If a colourblind man marries a woman who is heterozygous for normal colour vision,
the probability of their daughter to be colourblind is
a. 0.75 b. 1
c. 0.5 d. 0.25

6. A tall true breeding garden pea plamt is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea
plant. When F1 plants were selfed the genotype in F2 ratio would be-
a. 1:2:1 Tall homogygous: Tall heterozygous: dwarf
b. 1:2:1 Tall homozygous: dwarf: Tall heterozygous
c. 3:1 Tall : dwarf
d. 3:1 dwarf: Tall

7. How many pair of contrasting characters in pea plant Mendal studied in his experiments
a. 5 b. 7
c. 6 d. 8

8. A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with blood group 'B'. If they have one son
with 'O' blood group. What will be the genotype og his parent?
a. IAIA and IBIB b. IAIO and IBIO
c. IAIA and IBIO d. IAIO and IBIB

9. A pleiotropic gene:
a. control multiple traits in an individual
b. control of trait only in combination with another gene
c. is expressed only in primitive plants
d. is a gene evolve only in pea plant

10. Alleles are

a. different phenotype b. heterozygotes
c. different form of agene d. homozygotes

11. The incorrect statement regarding to the Haemophilia is -

a. It is a dominant disease
b. It is sex linked disease
c. It is recessive disease
d. A single protein involved in the clotting of blood is affected.

12. Pick out the incorrect statements-

a. Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy
b. Sickle cell anaemia is a X- linked recessive gene disorder
c. Haemophilia is a sex - linked receive disease
d. Phenlketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder

13. An abnormal human baby bormwith 'XXY' sex chromosome. This was happened due to
a. fusion of two sperm and one ovum
b. formation of abnormal sperm with XY in the father
c. formation of abnormal sperm with XX in the father
d. fusion of two ova and one sperm

14. Which of the following is the correct example where phenotypic ration and genotypic
ratio in F2 generation would be the same-
a. flower colour of snapdragon
b. flower colour of pea
c. blood group in human being
d. seed colour of pea

15. In Antirrhinum two plants with pink coloured flower were crossed, the plant obtain with
red, pink and white flowers in ratio 1:2:1. What could be the genotype of the parent plant
a. RR b. rr
c. Rr d. RRrr

16. When a heterozygous plant with round and yellow seed were crossed with plant having
wrinkled green seed, what would be the genotypic ratio in the progeny obtained
a. 1:1 b. 1:1:1:1
c. 9:3:3:1 d. 3:1

17. A gene showing co - dominance has-

a. one dominant allele over other
b. both the alleles are tightly linked on same chromosome
c. both the alleles expresses independently in heterozygote
d. alleles that are recessive to each other

18. Alleles which produces its effects only in homozygous individuals are called -
a. Incomplete recessive b. Dominant
c. recessive d. Co- dominant

19. Which is incorrect statement regarding the polygenic inheritance-

a. each allele contributes in the phenotype
b. effect of each allele is additive
c. it also influenced by the environment
d.a single gene control multiple phenotypeic effects

20. Which of the following genes are slightly linked in Drophila-

a. yellow bodies mimiature wing
b.brown bodies red eyed gene
c. gene for white eyed mimiature wing
d. gene for eyed normal wing

21. When a wild typeDrosophila is crossed with yellow, white male

the % frequency of re- combination observed by Morgan was-
a. 37.2 % b. 62.8 %
c. 1.3 % d. 98.7 %

ANSWER KEY
Q1 a Q11 Q11 a
Q2 c Q12 Q12 b
Q3 a Q13 Q13 b
Q4 d Q14 Q14 a
Q5 c Q15 Q15 c
Q6 a Q16 Q16 b
Q7 b Q17 Q17 c
Q8 b Q18 Q18 c
Q9 a Q19 Q19 d
Q10 c Q20 Q20 b
Q21 c
 EXERCISE :2

1. Chromosomal theory of inheritance was given by

a. De vries b. Sutton & Boreri
c. Correns d. Von Tschamak

2. Phenotype ration after dihybrid cross was

a. 9 round yellow: 3 wrinkled green: 3 round green : 1 wrinkled
b. 9 round green: 3 wrinkled green: 3 round yellow: 1 wrinkled yellow
c. 9 round yellow: 3 round green: 3 wrinkled green : 1 wrinkled green
d. 9 round yellow: 3 wrinkled yellow: 3 wrinkled green : 1 round green

3. In test cross
a. F1 generation is crossed with dominant species
b. Selfing of F1 generation I sdone
c. F1 generation is crossed with recessive species
d. F1 generation is crossed with parent

4. In incomplete dominance
a. Genotype ration is 1:2:1 & phenotype ratio is 3:1
b. Genotype ratio is 1:2:1 & phenotype ration is 1:2:1
c. Genotype ratio is 3:1 & phenotype ration is 1:2:1
d. Genotype ratio is 1:1 & phenotype ration is 1:1

5. A disease caused by an autosomal primary non disjunction is

a. Down' syndrome b. Klinefelter's syndrome
c. Turner' syndrome d. Sicke cell anemia

6. Which one from the given below is the period for Mendel' s hybridisation
experiment
a. 1840 - 1850 b. 1857 -1863
c. 1856 -1863 d. 1870 -1877

7. Scientists who rediscovered Mendel's work

b. De Vries, Boveri, Von
a. De Vries, Correns, Sutton Tschermak
d. De vries, Correns, Von
bc. De Vries, Sutton, Boveri Tschermak

8. Mendelian chromosomal disorder which also considered as Royal diease

a. Thalesemia b. Haemophilia
c. Sickle cell anaemia d. Phenylketonuria
9.Disorder which is caused due to absence of oone of the X chromosome
a. Down' syndrome b. Turner' syndrome
c. Klinefelter's syndrome d. Catcry syndrome

10. Down's syndrome was first of all discovered by

a. Langdon Down b. Langlon Down
c. Langhanger Down d. Lang Down

11. Hybridisation between Tt x tt give rise to the progeny of ration

a. 1:1 b. 1:2:1
c. 1:2 d. 4:1

12. How many different types of gaments will be produced by a plant having the
genotype AABbCC?

a. three b. four
c. nine d. two

13. In Mendels experiment with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over
wrinkled (rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy).
What are the expected phenotype in F1 generation of the cross RRYY X rryy?

a. only round seeds with green cotyledons

b. only round seeds with yellow cotyledons
c. only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
d. only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

14. Which of the following statement is 'incorrect' ?

a. Heniophilia is a sex linked dominant trait
b. Sickle cell anaemia is autosomal recessive trait
c. Phenylketomeria is a autosomal recessive trait
d. Down syndrome is a Mendalian disorder

15. A normal woman whose father was colourblined is married to a mormal man.
The sons would be
a. 75 % colourblind b. 50 % clourblind
c. all normal d. all colourblind

16. Haemophilia is more commonly een n human males than human females because
a. this disease is due to an X- linked dominant mutation
b. a greater proportion of girls die in infancy
c. this disease is due to an X - linked recessive mutation
d. this disease is due to a Y- linked recessive mutation
17. Lack of Independent assortment of two genes A & B in fruitflu is due to
a. Replusion b. Recombination
c. Linkage d. Crossing over

18. Find the correct statement

a. Down's syndrome is due to trisomy of chromosome 20
b. Down's syndrome is due to trisomy of chromosome 21
c. Down's syndrome is due to monosomy of chromosome 20
d. Down's syndrome is due to monosomy of chromosome 21

19. The recessive genes located on x- chromosome in humans are always

a. lethal b. sub lethal
c. expressed in males d. expressed in females.

20. Phenotype of an oraganis is the result of

a. mutation and linkages
b. environment effects and sexual dimosphism
c.cytoplasmic effect and mutation
d. genotype and environment interaction

ANSWER KEY
Q1 Q11 b
Q2 b Q12 d
Q3 c Q13 b
Q4 c Q14 b
Q5 b Q15 c
Q6 d Q16 c
Q7 c Q17 c
Q8 d Q18 b
Q9 b Q19 c
Q10 b Q20 d

NAME OF THE TEACHER - Ms. SINDHU PAREEK

1. Lack of Independent assortment of two genes A& B in fruitfly Drosophila is due

to
a. Recombination b. Linkage
c. Crossing over d. Repulsion

2. Male and female sex - chromosome are also called-

a. Polytene b. Autosomes
c. Holaxdric d. Allosomes

3. Turner syndrome ia
a. XO b. XXY
c. XXX d. XYY

4. Mother is homozygous B and father is A. What will be the possible blood group
in their progeny?
a. AB & A b. A & A
c. O d. AB & B

5. Down's syndrome occurs as a result of

a. Trisomy b. Tetrasomy
c. Autopolyploidy d. Allopolyploidy

6. Indicate, the inheritance of which of the following is contrlled by multiple alleles.

a. colour blindness b. sickle cell anaemia
c. blood group d. phenlkeloneuria

7. Sex- chromosome of a feamle bird are represented by

a. XO b. XX
c. XY d. ZW

8. A character which is expressed in hybrid is called

a. Dominant b. Recessive
c. Co- dominance d. Pistatre

9. Point mutation involves

a. change in single base pair b. Duplication
c. Deletion d. Insertion

10. Crossing over in diploid organisms results in

a. recombination of linked genes b. segregation of alleles
c. independent assortment d. dominance of genes

11. The X/O syndrome is called

a. Turner's syndrome b. Klinefelter's syndrome
c. Down's syndrome d. Cushing syndrome

12. The genotype of aplant showing a dominant phenotype can be determined by

a. Back cross b. Test cross
c. Dihybrid cross d. Pedignee analysis
13. Test cross is a cross between
a. hybrid X dominant parent b. hybrid X recessive parent
c. hybrid X hybrid parent d. two distantly related species

14. Correct number of contrasting traits in pea plant studied by Mendel is-
a. Two b.nine
C. sixteen d. seven

15. Phenotype ration of monohybrid cross is

a. 1:1 b. 1:2
c. 1:3 d. 3:1

16. ABO blood group also provides

a. complete dominance b. Turner's syndrome
c. Anenploidy d. multiple alleles

17. Phenotype ratio of dihybrid cross is

a. 3:2:1 b. 7:3:2
c. 9:3:3:1 d. 7:2:1

18. Contrasting traits of dihybrid cross were

a. length of the stem and colour of flower
b. number of pods and colour of flower
c. seed colour and colour of flower
d. seed colour and seed shape

19. Physical association of genes on a chromosome is called

a. linkage b. replusion
c. duplication d. aneuploidy

20. The disorder caused by point mutation is

a. tetany b. Down's syndrome
c. sickle cell anaemia d. Turner' ssyndrome

ANSWER KEY
Q1 d Q11 a
Q2 d Q12 b
Q3 a Q13 b
Q4 d Q14 d
Q5 a Q15 d
Q6 c Q16 d
Q7 d Q17 c
Q8 a Q18 d
Q9 a Q19 a
Q10 a Q20 c

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1 a. Allele i. identical allele
b. Homozygous ii. Slightly different form of a gene
iii. Different allele
iv. Factors

2 a. Dominant i. F1 resemble one of the parent

ii. F1 does not resemble either of
b. Co- dominance the
parent
iii. F1 resemble both the parent
iv. F1 remain same

3 a. TT X tt i. Tall plant (TT)

b. RR X rr ii. Pink plant (Rr)
iii. Tall plant (Tt)
iv. Dwarf plant (tt)

4 a. AB blood group i. IBIO

b. A blood group ii. IAIA
iii. IAIB
iv. IOIO
5 a. Sex- linked recessive i. sickle cell anaemia
b. Autosomal recessive ii. Myotonic dystrophy
iii. Colour blindness
iv. Turner's syndrome

6 a. Down syndrome i. sterile female

b. Klinefelter's syndrome ii. Sterile male
iii. Sterile male or female
iv. accumulation of phenylalanine

7 a. Phenotypic ratio in F2 i. 1;1

b. Genotypic ratio in F2 ii. 1:2:1
iii. 3:1
iv. 16:1

8 a. TT X tt i. tall
b. TT X Tt ii. Tall dwarf
iii. Dwarf
iv. Tall and dwarf in 3:1

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1 a. Klinefelter syndrome i. Mutation in autosomal gene
b. Colour blindness ii. Mutation in sex chromosome
iii. Trisomy of autosome
iv. Trisomy of sex-chromosome

i. Many genes govern a single

2 a. Dominance character
ii. In a heterozygous organism
b. Phenotrophy only one
allele express themselves fully.
iii. In a heterozygous organism
both
allele express themselves
fully.
iv. A single gene influences
many
inheritance characters

3 a. Linkage i. overlapping of genes

 ii. Physical association of genes
b. Crossing over on
chromosomes
iii. Alteration of gene
iv. Crossing between two genes

4 a. Haemophillia i. Sex linked recessive disease

b. Sickle cell anaemia ii. Aneuploidy
iii. Thalassaemia
iv. Autosome linked recessive
trait

5 a. Pedigree analysis i. Heteroozygous

b. Heterogamety ii. Two different type of gamets
produced by females
iii. Analysis of traits in several
of
generation of a family

6 a. 3:1 i. father of genetics

b. Gregor 1. Mendel ii. Transforming principle
iii. Ratio of monohybrid cross
iv. Ratio of dihybride cross

7 a. F1 i. contrasting traits
ii. Factor that dominates the
b. TT other
iii. Fillial progeny
iv. Dominant factor

8 a. Homozygous i. contrasting traits

b. heterozygous ii. Dominat traits
iii. Identical pair of genes
iv. Allele

i. pressure of an additional copy

9 a. Klinefelters syndrome of
b. Turner's syndrome X- chromosome
ii. Caused due to the absence of
one of
the X- chromosome
iii. Test cross
iv. Mutation
10 a. Homozygotes i. Pedignee chart
ii. Geometrical expression of
b. Punnett gametes
iii. Similar allele
iv. Copy of X- chromosome

11 a. Heterogmety i. Two different type of gametes

b. Pedigree analysis produced by female
ii. Homozygous
iii. Analysis of traits in several
of
generation of a family
iv. Heterozygous

i. Many genes govern a single

12 a. Co-dominance character
ii. In a heterozygous organism
b. polygenic only one
allele express themselves fully.
iii. In a heterozygous organism
both
allele express themselves
fully.
iv. A single gene influences
many
inheritance characters

i. discrete units that contrl

13 a. factor characters
b. dihybrid cross ii. Dominant allele
iii. Law of segregation
iv. Law of Independent
assortment

i. change in single base pair of

14 a. Frame shift mutation DNA
ii. Deletions and insertions of
b. Dihybrid cross base pair
of DNA
iii. Chromosoml aberrations
iv. Change in asingle base pair
of DNA

15 a. Grasshopper i. XO type of sex –

 determination
b. Man ii. Male heterogamety
iii. XY type of sex
determination
iv. Female hetrogamety

16 a. Gynaecomastia i. Klinefelter's syndrome

b. Turner's syndrome ii. Development of breast
iii. Ovaries are rudimentary
iv. Mental development is
retarded

i. Increase in male sex

17 a. Aneuploidy chromosome
ii. Increase in whole set of
b. Polyploidy chromosome
iii. Gain or loss of chromosome
i. Increase in female sex
chromosome

18 a. Complete dominance i. flower colour in snapdrogon

b. Multiple dominance ii. Colour coat of cattle
iii. Blood group inheritance
iv. Flower colour in pea

19 a. Sickle cell anaemia i. 7th chromosome

b. Colour blindness ii. 4th chromosome
iii. 11th chromosome
iv. X - chromosome

20 a. Morgan i. Incomplete dominance

b. Griffth ii. Linkage
iii. Transforming principle
iv. Proved that DNA is the
genetic
material

ANSWER KEY
1 a -iv 11 a - i
b- ii b - iii
2 a -ii 12 a - iii
b- iv b-i
3 a -iv 13 a - i
b - ii b - iv
 4 a-i 14 a - ii
b - iv b - iv
5 a-i 15 a - i
b - iv b - iii
6 a -iii 16 a - i
b-i b - iii
7 a - iii 17 a - iii
b - iv b - ii
8 a - iii 18 a - iv
b-i b - ii
9 a-i 19 a - iii
b - ii b - iv
10 a - iii 20 a - ii
b - ii b - iii

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

COLUMN A COLUMN B
a. Gregor
1 Mendel i. Survival of the fittest
b. Sutton and
Boreri ii. Pea plant
iii. Chromosomal theory of
inheritance
iv. Cell theory

i. Co-
2 a. Monohybrid cross dominance
b. Dihybrid
cross ii. Law of dominance
iii. Law of Independent
assortment
iv. Incomplete
dominance

3 a. Male hetrogamety i.
 Birds
b. Female
heterogamety ii. Drosophilla
iii. Honey bee

i. gene with pair of contasting

4 a. Mutation traits
b. ii. Sudden heritance changes in
Allele the
genotype of an organism
iii. Genes which are linked
together
iv. Between homologous
chromose

a. XX-XY
5 system i. honey bee
b. ZZ - Zw ii. Human
system being
iii.
Birds

a. RrYy X
6 RrYy i. 1:1
b. Rr ii.
X Rr 9:3:3:1
c. Rr
X rr iii. 3:1
d. RrYy X iv.
RrYy 1:3:1

a. Complete
7 dominance i. shapdragon flower
b. Multiple
alleles ii. Blood group
c. Incomplete iii. Grden pea
dominance plant
iv. Wild pea
plant
 8 a. Down's syndrome i. chromosome no. 23
b. Turner's syndrome ii. Chromosome no. 21
iii. 44 + XO
IV. 46 + XO

a. i. molecular mutation of gene

9 Haemophilia Hb
ii. Unable to produce B
b. Sickle cell anemia chain
iii. Delay blood clotting
iv. in born defection in
metabolism

i. exchange of
10 a. Mutagens gene
ii. UV rays, ionising
b. Deletion rays
iii. Loss of some gene
iv. Addition of
gene

a. Colour i. autosome - linked recessive

11 blindness blood

diseas
b. Thalassemia e
ii. In born error of
metabolism
iii. Sex linked recessive disorder
iv. Sex linked dominant disorder

i. additional copy of X
12 a. Down's syndrome chromosome
b. Klinfelter's ii. Absence of one X-
syndrome chromosome
iii. Trisomy of
21
iv. Trisomy of
23
 i. Phenyl alamine ->
13 a. Sickle cell anemia tyrosine
ii. Phenylalamine ->
b. Phenly Ketomeria tyrosine
iii. CAC ->
GUG
iv. CCC ->
GAG

14 a. Down's syndrome i. Rudimentart ovaries

ii. Opened
b. Turner's syndrome mouth
iii.
Gynaecomastia
iv. Furrowed tongue

a. Garden pea
15 plant i. blue flower
ii. Violet
b. Shapdragon flower flower
iii. Orange
flower
iv. Red flower

a. Pedigree
16 analysis i. determined by alternation or
mutation in the single
b. Mendelian disorder gene
ii. Not transmitted to offsprings
iii. Represented in form of
family free
iv. Represented in form of
charts

a. Point i. deletion of segment

17 mutation of DNA
ii. Change in single base pair of
b. Insertion DNA
 iii. Addition of DNA
segment
iv. Change in multiple base
pairs of DNA

i. decrease in whole set of

18 a. Anenploidy chromosome
ii. Gain or loss of
b. Polyploidy chromosome
iii. Increase in whole set of
chromosome
iv. No gain in
chromosme

i. short life
19 a. Drosophilla cycle
b. Garden pea ii. Completes life in 4
plant weeks
iii. Long life
cycle
iv. Completes life cycle in 2
weeks

a. i. codes for pair of contrasting

20 Genes traits
b.
Allele ii. Same form of gene
iii. Units of inheritance
iv. Present on ribosome

ANSWER KEY
1 a - ii 11 a - iii
b- iii b-i
2 a -ii 12 a - iii
b- iii b - ii
 3 a -ii 13 a - iii
b-i b-i
4 a - ii 14 a - ii
b-i b-i
5 a - ii 15 a - i
b - iii b - iv
6 a -ii 16 a - iii
b - iii b-i
7 a - iii 17 a - ii
b - ii b - iii
c-i
8 a - ii 18 a - ii
b - iii b - iii
9 a - iii 19 a - iv
b-i b-i
10 a - ii 20 a - iii
b - iii b-i

Chapter-5 Inheritance and Variation

Fill in the blanks:
Q1. Mendel worked on ______ plant because it is ___________. (pea, pollinated) (R)
Q2. Mendel studied ______ pairs of contrasting characters. (7)(R)
Q3. Scientists who rediscovered Mendel’s work were _____________, __________ &
___________________. (Carl Correns, Von Tresenmark & Hugo deveries)
Q4. Mendel’s law based on dihybrid cross is ____________________. (law of Independent-
assortment)(U)
Q5. Conditions of a Karyotype 2n+1 and 2n+2 is called as ___________. (Aneuploidy)(E&A)
Q6. __________________ is an example of Incomplete dominance. (Snapdragon/Antirrnmum)
Q7. In sickle-cell Anemia Glutamic acid is replaced by ________ in hemoglobin Chamber.
(valine)(U)
Q8. The phenomenon which results in alteration of DNA sequences and consequently results in
changes in genotype and phenotype of an organism is called _____________. (Mutation)
Q9. ZZ/ZW type of sex determination is seen in _______________. (Birds/Hen)
Q10. The branch of science which deals with the study of heredity and variation is called as
____________. (genetics)(R)
Q11. Human genetics disorder caused due to trisomy of chromosomes number 21 is
_______________________. (Down’s Syndrome)
Q12. The genes located on the same chromosome are called _____________. (linked genes)
(E&A)
Q13. Types of gametes formed by selfing of F1 generation in dihybrid cross are
__________________________. (RY,Ry,rY,ry)
Q14. Chromosomal theory of inheritance was given by ________________. (Sutton & Boveri)
(R)
Q15. Experiments for chromosomal theory of Inheritance were conducted on insect
________________________. (Drosophila Melanogaster)(O)
Q16. The genetic disorder caused due to presence of additional copy of X-chromosome is
______________________. (Klinefelteis Syndrome)(U)
Q17. In Phenylketonuria individual lacus an enzyme that converts the amino acid
________________ to tyrosine.(Phenylalanine)
Q18. Example of male heterogamety is ______________. (Human beings)
Q19. Chemical & physical factors which induce mutation are called __________. (mutagens)
(R)
Chapter-5 Inheritance and Variation Sindhu Pareek
Fill in the blanks:
Q1. _____ plant was selected by Mendel for his experiment as it has _______ life span. (Pea,
short) (E&A)
Q2. Monohybrid cross is performed for _______ trait only. (one) (A)
Q3. Law of segregation can be easily explained by _________ cross. (Mohybrid)(A)
Q4. Pea plant shows ______ contrasting characters. (7 pairs)
Q5. Traits which are expressed and suppress the other trait are termed as ______________.
(dominant) (U)
Q6. Ratio which expresses physical appearance of any trait is called _____________ ratio.
(phenotypic)(R)
Q7. For monohybrid cross traits for height considered by Mendel were ________ and
_________. (tall, dwarf)
Q8. Allelic pair of genes which are identical for a trait are called ______________.
(homozygous)(E&A)
Q9. During the process of meiosis, parental pair of alleles ___________ from each other and
only one allele is passed to next generation. (segregate)(U)
Q10. Allelic pair of genes which are dissimilar for their trait are called ______________.
(heterozygous)(U)
Q11. To test the original pattern of genes, pure traits are crossed with ___________ traits.
(homozygous)(E&A)
Q12. The geometrical diagram used to express gametes and the combination formed in gametes
is called ____________. (Punnett Square )(U)
Q13. Law of Independent Assortment can be easily explained by __________ cross. (Dihybrid)
(E&A)
Q14. Which one of the two alleles is dominant over the other, is called as
_____________________________. (Incomplete dominance)(U,R)
Q15. ABO blood group in human beings is a good example of ______________ and
_________________. (Co-dominance, multiple alleles) (U)

Chapter-5 Inheritance and Variation Dr Deepa Sanghi

Fill in the blanks:
Q1. Mendel conducted heredity experiments foe several years on the ___________. (Garden
pea plant)(R)
Q2. Mendel observed ________ of contrasting characters in the plant he studied. (seven pairs)
(R)
Q3. The dominant character of the seed colour and shape used by Mendel was _________ &
_____________ respectively. (Yellow, round) (A)
Q4. Genes responsible for a pair of contrasting traits are known as ________. (Alleles) (R)
Q5. When the allelic pair of genes are identical it is called ______________. (homozygous)(U)
Q6. In the Mendel’s cross, the character which appear in F1generation is called
_______________. (Dominant character) (R/U)
Q7. The graphical representation to calculate the probability of all possible genotypes of
offspring in a genetic cross is called ________________. (Punnett Square)(R)
Q8. In a monohybrid cross by Mendel, the genotypic ratio in F2generation was ____________.
(1:2:1) (U)
Q9. A type of cross which is used to determine the genotype of the dominant phenotype is
called _____________. (test cross)
Q10. The possible genotypes of a tall plant are ______ & _______. (TT & Tt) (U)
Q11. The inheritance of flower colour in the dog flower is a good example of
_____________________________. (incomplete dominance)(U)
Q12. When red coloured dog flower is crossed with white coloured dog flower, the F1generation
would be ____________. (pink)(A)
Q13. In case of co-dominance the F1 generation resemble _______ parents. (both) (U)
Q14. The gene(I) has three alleles IA,IB& I, hence it is a good example of
____________________. (multiple alleles)
Q15. Blood groups in human being can be represented by ____ genotypes. (six) (C)
Q16. When a single gene product may produce more than one effect, this is called
____________. (pleotrophy) (R)
Q17. In a dihybrid cross, when a pea plant with yellow wrinkled seed is crossed with green
round seeded plant, the seed in F1 generation plant would ne _____________. (Round, Yellow)
(U)
Q18. Three scientists who rediscovered Mendel’s laws in 1900 were ____________,
_________________ & _______________. (De vries, correns & von Tschermak)(R)
Q19. Chromosomal theory of Inheritance was proposed by the scientists ________ &
________________. (Sutton, Boveri)(R)
Q20. The term coined by Morgan to the physical association of the two genes on a chromosome
is ______________. (linkage) (U)