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• Model Training and Optimization:

Execute the training phase with precision, specifying the optimization algorithm like ‘ADAM’ and loss function while
defining key training parameters [Fig.4]. Monitor the convergence of the model and remain vigilant against overfitting,
adjusting hyperparameters like epochs, batch size, etc as necessary.

Fig. 4 Example of Training and Optimization

• Model Evaluation and Metrics:

Evaluate the trained model's performance rigorously using the designated testing dataset. Employ established evaluation
metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score [Fig 4], to quantitatively assess the model's classification
prowess. The construction of confusion matrices [Fig 5] affords valuable insights into classification outcomes.

Fig. 4 Example of Evaluation Metrices Fig. 5 Example of Confusion Matrix

• Results:

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i. Confusion Matrix (Normalized): ii. F1 Curve (Graph):

iii. Loss-Precision-Recall (Graph) of Training and Validation:

• Model Deployment:
In instances where deployment is vital, utilization of a robust web framework such as Flask to facilitate model deployment
[Fig. 6].
Construct a user-friendly interface enabling end-users to interact with the model, submitting input images for real-time
disease classification.

Fig. 6 Example of Model Deployment

• Website UI and Features:

Currently our website is in prototype phase, so we haven’t yet did work on UI part much, but here are some features of our
website, firstly on main page we have a simple banner and below it we have ‘choose a file’ option where we can choose a
file from our local system [Fig. 7].
Secondly, we have a predict button beside the that option, which will run the prediction on the input image given, at
back-end.
After predicting the image, it will show the results whether it is diseased or healthy [Fig. 8]. Also, there will be 2 more
options View Doc and Download Doc [Fig. 8]. After clicking the ‘Download Doc’ button it will open a window, where to
save it. [Fig. 9]. After clicking the ‘View Doc’ button it will open a new window in browser, where it will open the

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corresponding Doc which contents the information about the Disease [Fig. 10].

Fig. 7 Main Page (Before Predicting) Fig. 8 After Predicting

Fig. 9 After Clicking on Download Doc Fig. 10 After Clicking on View Doc

• Advantages:
i. This AI is so future proof that we only have to upload new and different crops for keeping update to date.
ii. This AI predicts the crops health while the Crop is in production period so that our farmers will be able to regain the
health back to its normal condition
iii. Fast crop disease detection of real-time images.
• Disadvantages/Limitations:
i. Farmers would have to go to the fields for capturing the photos.
ii. Farmers would require to have Laptops to get analysis of the Crops Health.
iii. The proposed system can only detect the disease if it is present on the leaf and not other parts of the crop such as stem
and fruits
• Future Improvements:
i. In future we will build a drone / RC Car to drive this AI model to click live images from the farm to have a great
consistency.
ii. Create an App for communicating with real time farming experts to have a ONE-TO-ONE CHAT and also “MONITOR
HEALTH”.
iii. In upcoming times, we will add different Crops and Abroad crops so that this AI will be used by abroad consumers.
• Future Scope:
In this era of Developing India, Farming is a considered to play a huge role in India.
Many of the different crops and grains are being exported out of India to different Aboard countries. Producing a large
quantity of crops with same consistence and Quality is mostly required.
With increasing population of India, demand of food supply is increasing day by day.
Keeping this all things we decided to build this AI Model to help our farmer friends to have a great and healthy yield of
crops.
IV. CONCLUSION
This research uses deep learning methods and the Kaggle "New Plant Diseases Dataset" to develop an effective custom
CNN model for crop disease identification.
The model exhibits outstanding performance metrics, such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, thanks to data
augmentation.
The model's simple Flask deployment underscores its potential for real-world use.
This study offers a strong foundation for improving crop management and enhancing food security around the world
going forward
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to express our appreciation to our mentors for their priceless advice. We value the dataset sharing by the
Kaggle community. Important resources were provided by Vivekanand Education Society's Polytechnic. Finally, also Mr
Prashant Kamble who is a Director of CM Electronics for guiding us as our Industrial Mentor We would want to express my
sincere gratitude to farmers and stakeholders for their support of our work. This study is evidence of academic cooperation
and of our common commitment to finding solutions to agricultural problems.
REFERENCES
[1] Author, Samir Bhattarai (2018). New Plant Diseases Dataset.
Link: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/vipoooool/new plant-diseases-dataset
[2] Kadir, A., “A Model of Plant Identification System Using GLCM, Lacunarity and Shen Features,” Research Journal of
Pharmaceutical, Biological, and Chemical Sciences Vol.5(2) 2014.
[3] Kulkarni, Omkar. "Crop disease detection using deep learning." 2018 Fourth international conference on computing
communication control and automation (ICCUBEA). IEEE, 2018.
[4] https://pranjal-ostwal.medium.com/data-augmentation-for-computer-vision-b88b818b6010
[5] https://www.parking.net/parking-news/survision/artificial-intelligence-lpr-evolution-or-revolution

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[6] Mohanty, Sharada P., David P. Hughes, and Marcel Salathé. "Using deep learning for image-based plant disease
detection." Frontiers in plant science 7 (2016): 215232.

Matched Source

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Title:MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
facilitate model deployment [Fig. 7]. Construct a user -friendly interface enabling end users to interact with the model,
submitting input images for real-time disease classification. …
https://xaviertech.ac.in/images/Proceedings%20TPP%202024.pdf

Similarity 4%
Title:xaviertech.ac.in › images › Proceedings TPP 2024MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
considered to play a huge role in India. Many of the different crops and grains are being exported out of India to different
Aboard countries. Producing a large quantity of crops with same consistence and Quality is mostly required. With increasing
population of India, demand of food supply is increasing day by day. Keeping this all
https://xaviertech.ac.in/images/Proceedings%20TPP%202024.pdf/

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Title:Sci-Hub | Crop Disease Detection Using Deep Learning. 2018 …
WebCrop Disease Detection Using Deep Learning. 2018 Fourth International Conference on Computing Communication
Control and Automation (ICCUBEA). …
https://sci-hub.se/10.1109/ICCUBEA.2018.8697390

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Title:Using Deep Learning for Image-Based Plant Disease ...
by SP Mohanty · 2016 · Cited by 3412 — Using a public dataset of 54,306 images of diseased and healthy plant leaves
collected under controlled conditions, we train a deep convolutional neural network ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2016.01419/full

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