2.

8-bit set of codes

3. 7-bit set of codes ✓
4. 16-bit set of codes

Question 4

Extended ASCII is ...........

1. 6-bit set of codes

2. 8-bit set of codes ✓
3. 7-bit set of codes
4. 16-bit set of codes

Question 5

The smallest individual component in a

program is called ...........

1. Token ✓
2. Identifier
3. Keyword
4. Method

Question 6

Which of the following is not a token?

1. Keyword
2. Identifier
3. Operator
4. Procedure ✓

Question 7

Which of the following is a keyword?

 1. character
2. break ✓
3. object
4. attribute

Question 8

Which of the following is not a legal

identifier?

1. _room
2. $PayAmount
3. 10thClass ✓
4. nullValue

Question 9

Which of the following is a default value of

float data type?

1. 0
2. 0float
3. 0f
4. 0.0f ✓

Question 10

Which of the following is a default value of

boolean data type?

1. true
2. false ✓
3. null
4. void
Question 11

Which of the following is an invalid

integer?

1. 2222
2. 22222
3. 222 22 ✓
4. 222

Question 12

Which of the following is not a character

literal?

1. '\n'
2. "n" ✓
3. 'n'
4. All of these

Question 13

Which of the following punctuator is the

statement terminator in Java?

1. ; ✓
2. .
3. ,
4. All of these

Question 14

Which of the following is not a primitive

data type in Java?

1. boolean
 2. short
3. float
4. class ✓

Question 15

What is the size of a long data type in

Java?

1. 32 bits
2. 64 bits ✓
3. 48 bits
4. Long data type is not supported in
Java.

Question 16

What is the size of a boolean data type in

Java?

1. 1 bit
2. 16 bits
3. 8 bits ✓
4. Boolean data type does not take any
space in memory.

Question 17

Single line comments can be added using

...........

1. //
2. /* */
3. \
 4. Both A and B ✓

Question 18

Which of the following changes a variable

declaration into a constant?

1. const
2. constant
3. static
4. final ✓

Question 19

The ASCII codes of A-Z are represented

by decimal range ...........

1. 65-90 ✓
2. 66-91
3. 97-122
4. 98-123

Question 20

Which of the following is a primitive data

type?

1. array
2. interface
3. class
4. boolean ✓

State whether the given statements

are True or False

Question 1
Java supports the use of the ASCII
character set only.
False

Question 2

The ASCII code for character 'Z' is 90.

True

Question 3

The smallest unit in a Java program is

known as token.
True

Question 4

The Unicode character set uses 8 to 32

bits per character.
True

Question 5

In an escape sequence, a character is

preceded by a backward slash (\).
True

Question 6

In Java, an identifier can begin with a $

sign.
True

Question 7

The boolean data type is used for storing

logical values.
True
Question 8

Java offers five types of tokens.

True

Question 9

Identifiers in Java may be of any length.

True

Question 10

The char data type reserves 8 bits in

memory.
False

Question 11

Default value of reference data type is null.

True

Question 12

To designate a literal constant of the type

float, you must append the letter L to it.
False

Question 13

Default value of char data type is '\u0000'.

True

Question 14

If a literal constant contains a decimal

point, then it is of the type double by
default.
True
Question 15

A variable can be used in a Java program

even if it has not been declared.
False

Assignment Questions

Question 1

Why does Java use the Unicode character

set?

Answer

Unicode can represent nearly all

languages of the world like English, Hindi,
Bengali, Kannada, Arabic, Japanese, etc.
Java uses unicode so that applications
developed using Java can support a wide
range of languages rather than just being
limited to English.

Question 2

What are escape sequences in Java?

Give three examples.

Answer

An escape sequence is a set of characters

that has a special meaning to the Java
compiler. In the escape sequence, a
character is preceded by a backslash (\).
Some examples of escape sequences are
\n, \' and \t.
Question 3

What is the result of evaluating the

following expression?
(3 + 6 * 7) / 3 + 2

Answer

(3 + 6 * 7) / 3 + 2
⇒ (3 + 42) / 3 + 2
⇒ 45 / 3 + 2
⇒ 45 / 3 + 2
⇒ 15 + 2
⇒ 17

Question 4

What is a token in Java? Name the tokens

available in Java.

Answer

All characters in a Java program are

grouped into symbols called Tokens. As
you know, a computer program consists of
a set of instructions called statements. A
statement is composed of various
components. Each individual component
of a programming statement is referred to
as a token. Keywords, Identifiers,
Operators, Separators and Literals are
five tokens in Java.

Question 5

Why can a keyword not be used as a

variable name?

Answer

Keywords are reserved words that have a

special meaning to the Java compiler. As
Java compiler reserves these words for its
own use so they are not available as
names for variables or methods.

Question 6

Which of the following are Java keywords?

area, input, class, public, int, x, y, radius,
long, Hello java

Answer

class, public, int, long are Java keywords.

Question 7

What are identifiers in Java? List three

identifier formation rules.

Answer

Identifiers are used to name different parts

of a program such as variables, methods,
classes, objects, etc. Three identifier
formation rules are:

1. An an identifier can be a sequence of

alphabets, digits, underscore and
dollar sign characters only.
2. Identifiers cannot start with a digit.
3. An identifier must not be a Keyword or
 a Boolean or null literal.

Question 8

Explain the following statement — "In

Java, total, Total, ToTaL, and TOTAL are
all different identifiers."

Answer

Java is a case sensitive language. total,

Total, ToTaL, and TOTAL have the same
set of letters but they differ in the case of
these letters. Therefore, Java considers
each of them as a different identifier.

Question 9

Which of the following are invalid

identifiers?

i. ten
ii. "Hello"
iii. 5678
iv. Coffee
v. $dollar
vi. 4Variables
vii. _var

Answer

"Hello" is invalid as identifiers cannot

contain double quotes.
5678 is invalid as identifiers cannot
start with a digit.
4Variables is invalid as identifiers
 cannot start with a digit.

Question 10

How would you print characters like \, '

and " in Java?

Answer

We can print characters like \, ' and "

using escape sequences i.e. preceding it
with a backslash (\) symbol.

Question 11

Distinguish between the following:

i. Token and Identifier

Answer

Token Identifier

Identifiers are
fundamental
Each individual building blocks of
component of a the program and
programming are used to name
statement is different
referred to as a components of a
token. program such as
variables, methods
and objects.

Tokens in Java
Identifier is a type
are categorised
of token in Java.
into 5 types —
 Token Identifier

Keywords,
Identifiers,
Literals,
Punctuators,
Operators.

ii. Keyword and Identifier

Answer

Keyword Identifier

Identifiers are used to

Keywords name different
have a special components of a
meaning for program such as
Java compiler. variables, methods
and objects.

Keywords are
reserved by
An identifier must not
the compiler
be a Keyword.
for its own
use.

iii. Character and String Constant

Answer

Character
String Constant
Constant

Character String Constants

Constants are are written by
 Character
String Constant
Constant

written by
enclosing a set of
enclosing a
characters within
character within a
a pair of double
pair of single
quotes.
quotes.

Character
String Constants
Constants are
are assigned to
assigned to
variables of type
variables of type
String.
char.

iv. Integer and float Constant

Answer

Integer Constant Float Constant

Float Constants
Integer Constants represent
represent whole fractional
number values numbers like
like 2, -16, 18246, 3.14159, -14.08,
24041973, etc. 42.0, 675.238,
etc.

Integer Constants
Float Constants
are assigned to
are assigned to
variables of data
variables of data
type — byte,
type — float,
short, int, long,
double
char
Question 12

Distinguish between "A" and 'A'.

Answer

"A" is a string literal of length 1 containing

the letter A in uppercase whereas 'A' is a
character literal having value of A in
uppercase.

Question 13

What is wrong with the following

statement?
float flt = 7895.0345;

Answer

This statement is trying to assign a double

literal to a float variable so it will result in a
syntax error of incompatible types
(possible lossy conversion from double to
float). To fix it we need to a f or F at the
end of the double literal to make it a float
literal as shown below:
float flt = 7895.0345f;

Question 14

Describe primitive data types in Java.

Answer

Primitive data types are fundamental data

types that are an integral part of the Java
language and are used to declare a
variable.

Question 15

List the size of primitive data types in

Java.

Answer

Data Type Size in Bytes

byte 1

short 2

int 4

long 8

float 4

double 8

char 2

boolean 1

Question 16

Which integer and floating point data

types take up the same number of bits in
computer memory?

Answer

Both, int and float take up 32 bits in

memory. Similarly, both long and double
take up 64 bits in memory.

Question 17
What is variable initialisation in Java?
What are the default values of the
following type of variables? short, int, long,
float, double, and char.

Answer

Variable initialisation means assigning

value to a variable for the first time. Below
are the default values of the different data
types:

Data Type Default Value

short 0

int 0

long 0L

float 0.0f

double 0.0d

char '\u0000'

Question 18

Provide the declaration for two variables

called xCoordinate and yCoordinate. Both
variables are of type int and both are to be
initialised to zero in the declaration.

Answer

int xCoordinate = 0;
int yCoordinate = 0;
OR

int xCoordinate = 0, yCoordinate = 0;

Question 19

Write a Java assignment statement that

will set the value of the variable
interestAmount to the value of the variable
balanceAmount multiplied by the value of
the variable rate. The variables are of type
double.

Answer

double interestAmount = balanceAmount * r

Question 20

Explain the statement, "a well-documented

code is as important as the correctly
working code".

Answer

Writing fully commented code is a good

programming style. The primary purpose
of comments is to document the code so
that even a layman can understand the
purpose of the written code. Hence, a
well-documented code is as important as
the correctly working code.

Question 21

How can you write single line comments

in Java?

Answer

Single line comments in Java can be

written using //. For example:

// This is an example of single line comm

Question 22

Write a Java constant declaration that

gives the name TAX_RATE to the value
15%.

Answer

final int TAX_RATE = 15;

Question 23

If you want to change the precedence of

operations in an expression, which
symbols do you use?

Answer

Brackets — () can be used to change

operator precedence.

Question 24

What are symbolic constants? How are

they useful in writing programs?

Answer

Memory locations whose values cannot be

changed within a program are called
constants or symbolic constants. The
advantages of symbolic constants are:

1. It improves the readability of the

program and makes it easier for
someone to understand the code.
2. Any unintentional changes to such
variables are flagged by the compiler.
3. Later, if there is a change in the value
of such variables (e.g. interest rate
changed), you just need to modify its
value at one place and all the other
occurrences will be taken care of
automatically.

Question 25

What is the output produced by the

following lines of program code?

char x, y;
x = 'y';
System.out.println(x);
y = 'z';
System.out.println(y);
x = y;
System.out.println(x);

Answer

Below is the output produced by this code:

 y
z
z

Variable x is assigned a value of character

y so the first println prints y. Variable y is
assigned a value of character z so the
second println prints z. After that variable x
is assigned the value of variable y which is
the character z so last println prints z.

Video Explanations