General Physics (II) 期中考 I Mar.

29, 2019
試卷請註明、姓名、班級、學號，請遵守考場秩序
I.計算題(55 points) (所有題目必須有計算過程,否則不予計分)
1. Fig. 1 shows 3 line charge distributions in x-z plane. The charge densities are l0, -l0, and
l1cosθ for the charges on lines AO and DO and arc BC, where q is the angle relative to
+z-axis, and l0 and l1 are positive constants, respectively. Find the x-, y-, z-components of
the electric field at point P on the y-axis due to (a) (6 pts) line charge AO, (b) (3pts) line
charge DO, and (c) (8 pts) line charge BC, and (d) (3 pts) the electrical potential at P for
this whole system. The coordinates of O, A, B, C, D, and P are (0,0,0), (0,0,2R), (0,0,R),
(R,0,0), (2R,0,0), and (0,y,0), respectively.
2. (20pts) As shown in Fig. 2, a uniform spherical charge distribution of radius a (a=R) and
charge density 13r (r>0) is placed in side a concentric spherical conductor shell with inner and
outer radius b (b=3R) and c (c=5R), respectively. Outside of the conductor shell, there is a
second charge distribution with density of –r /13 in a concentric spherical shell region with
inner and outer radius d (d=7R) and e (e=8R). Determine (a) (10pts) the direction and
magnitude of the E-field for 0≤ r < ∞.(b) (10pts) the electric potential V for 0≤ r < ∞,
z
assuming V(∞)=0. z y
A (0,0,2R)
R R
l0 d
B (0,0,R)
b y
P (0,y,0) c x
O P(x,0,0)
y
C(R,0,0) de
x D(2R,0,0)
x
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 a Fig. 3 -s s
3. (15 pts)As shown in the Fig. 3, Two infinitely long parallel conducting cylinders, with radius R,
carry uniform surface charge density s and –s. The distance between the centers of the
cylinders is d. Assume d is large enough that the surface charges are uniformly distributed.
(a) (8 pts) By using the Gauss’s Law, find the electric field, in vector form, at the point P (x,0.,0).
(b)(4 pts) Find the electric potential difference between these two conductors.
(c) (3 pts) What is the capacitance of these two cylinders per unit length?
II.選擇題(45 points)
1. (5pts) An electric dipole with dipole moment p  (3iˆ  4 ˆj ) 1030 (m  C ) is placed in an uniform
electric field E  5000 ˆj ( N / C ).. The electric potential energy of the dipole and the magnitude
of the torque acting on it in unit of 10-27 m∙N are (the potential energy =0, when p  E )
(A)15 and 15; (B) 15 and 20; (C) 20 and 15; (D) 20 and 20; (E) 25 and 15; (F) 25 and 20;
(G) -15 and 15 (H) -15 and 20; (J) -20 and 15; (K) -20 and 20; (L) -25 and 15; (M) -25 and
20, respectively.
2. (5pts) As shown in the Fig. 4, the capacitor with separation d is connected with the battery. The
charge on the plate is Q. Now a slab of copper (conductor)of thickness b is thrust into the
capacitor. The charge on the plate increases to 1.5 Q. Assume b = x∙d, what is x?
(A) 1/5 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/3 (D) 1/2 (E) 2/3 (F) 3/4 (G) 3/2
l
sL sR Q
ER d/3
d E E  0
d b L
ER
s s
d/3
L R

Fig. 5 -Q
Fig. 4 l/3
3. (5 pts) As shown in Fig. 5, two flat, square metal plates have sides of length l , are arranged
parallel to each other with a separation of d , where d << l . A charge Q is moved from the
lower plate to the upper plate. Now a third uncharged conducting plate with thickness d/3
places between the other two plates to a depth l/3, maintaining the same spacing d/3 between
its surface and the surfaces of the other two. You may neglect edge effects. Let the charge
density s0  Q/l2 .What is the value x = sR/ s0?
𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
(A) 𝟎 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (B) 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟑 (C) 𝟑 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟓 (D) 𝟎. 𝟓 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟑 (E) 𝟑 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓
𝐅 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏 (G) 𝟏 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟐 (H) 𝟏. 𝟐 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟒 (J) 𝟏. 𝟒 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟔
(K) 𝟏. 𝟔 < 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐. 𝟎 (L) 𝟐. 𝟎 < 𝒙

4. (5pts) Same structure as in problem 3, the capacitance of the system is a ∙(e0ℓ2)/d. What is the
value of a?
𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
(A) 𝟎 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 (B) 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟑 (C) 𝟑 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟓 (D) 𝟎. 𝟓 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟑 (E) 𝟑 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓
F 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟏 (G) 𝟏 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟐 (H) 𝟏. 𝟐 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟒 (J) 𝟏. 𝟒 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟔
(K) 𝟏. 𝟔 < 𝜶 ≤ 𝟐. 𝟎 (L) 𝟐. 𝟎 < 𝜶

5. (5pts) Free electrons in air can be accelerated due to high electric fields to ionize O2 and N2
molecules by collisions. The air then becomes conducting. This breakdown in dry air occurs
for electric fields about 3x106 V/m. If you have a Van de Graff, which charges a conducting
sphere of radius of 0.5m in the same air, what are the maximum charge q (in units of m C, i.e.
10-6C) that you can charge it?
(A) 𝟎 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟏 (B) 𝟏 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟐 (C) 𝟐 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟓 (D) 𝟓 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟏𝟎 (E) 𝟏𝟎 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟐𝟎
F 𝟐𝟎 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟓𝟎 (G) 𝟓𝟎 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟏𝟎𝟎 (H) 𝟏𝟎𝟎 < 𝒒 ≤ 𝟐𝟎𝟎 (J) 200< 𝒒 ≤ 𝟓𝟎𝟎
(K) 500< 𝒒 ≤ 𝟏𝟎𝟑 (L) 𝟏𝟎𝟑 < 𝒒
 Sa -Q Sb -Q Sc -Q

(a) Q
(b) Q
(c) Q

Fig. 6
6. As shown in Fig. 6(a),(b), and (c), A point charge Q is placed inside an uniform spherical shell
charge distribution (Fig. 6(a) and Fig. 6(c)), and a cubic shell charge distribution (Fig. 6(b)).
Spherical Gaussian surfaces labelled Sa, Sb, and Sc are defined in Fig 6(a), (b), and (c),
respectively. The total charge of all shells is –Q. Let FE,A,FE,B ,andFE,C be the total electric
flux through the surface Sa, Sb, and Sc , respectively, and EE,A, EE,B, EE,C be the electric field
distribution on the surface Sa, Sb, and Sc , respectively. Which of the following statement is
correct?
(A) FE,A= 0, EA= 0, FE,B= 0, EB= 0, FE,C= 0, and EC = 0
(B) FE,A= 0, EA= 0, FE,B= 0, EB= 0, FE,C= 0, and EC≠ 0
(C) FE,A= 0, EA= 0, FE,B= 0, EB ≠ 0, FE,C= 0, and EC≠ 0
(D) FE,A= 0, EA ≠ 0, FE,B= 0, EB ≠ 0, FE,C= 0, and EC≠ 0
(E) FE,A= 0, EA ≠ 0, FE,B ≠ 0, EB ≠ 0, FE,C = 0, and EC≠ 0
(F) FE,A= 0, EA= 0, FE,B ≠ 0, EB ≠ 0, FE,C ≠ 0, and EC≠ 0
(G) FE,A= 0, EA= 0, FE,B ≠ 0, EB ≠ 0, FE,C = 0, and EC≠ 0
Integration Formula for reference

dx
x b
2 2 
 ln x  x  b 2 2
 x 2 dx x x 2  b2 b2
 x 2  b2  2  2 ln x  x  b  2 2


x 2
dx
b 2

3/ 2

b2
x
x 2  b2

x 2 dx
 x 2  b2 
3/ 2

x
x 2  b2

 ln x  x 2  b 2 
1 2 3 4 5 6

J C H G G C
2. (20pts) As shown in Fig. 2, a uniform spherical charge distribution of radius a (a=R) and
charge density 13r (r>0) is placed in side a concentric spherical conductor shell with inner and
outer radius b (b=3R) and c (c=5R), respectively. Outside of the conductor shell, there is a
second charge distribution with density of –r /13 in a concentric spherical shell region with
inner and outer radius d (d=7R) and e (e=8R). Determine (a) (10pts) the direction and
magnitude of the E-field for 0≤ r < ∞.(b) (10pts) the electric potential V for b ≤ r < ∞,
assuming V(∞)=0. 4 R 3 13R 3 r
 4 r E (r ) 
2
13r  E (r )  rˆ 1
z 3e 0 3e 0 r 2

S5 For b≤ r <c, due to the presence of the conductor

E (r )  0 1
S1
3 For c≤ r <d, apply Gauss’s Law to sphere S3,
b y
Qin 4 R 3
c
F E , S 3   E  dA   13r
S3
e 0 3e 0
d S2 4 R 3
13R 3 r
e  4 r E (r ) 
2
13r  E (r )  rˆ 1
x
3e 0 3e 0 r 2
a S3
S4 For d≤ r <e, apply Gauss’s Law to sphere S4, 1
Qin 4 R 3 4 (r 3  d 3 ) r
(a) For r < a, apply Gauss’s Law to sphere S1, F E , S 4   E  dA   13r  
Qin 4 r 3 e 3e 3 e 13
F E , S 1   E  dA   13r 1
S4 0 0 0

e e 4 R 3
4 (r  343R ) r
3 3
S1 0 3 0  4 r 2 E (r )  13r  
4 r 3 13r r 3e 0 3e 0 13
 4 r E (r ) 
2
13r  E (r )  rˆ 1
3e 0 3e 0 4r
 4 r 2 E (r )  (512 R 3  r 3 )
For a≤ r <b, apply Gauss’s Law to sphere S2, 39e 0
Qin 4 R 3 r (512 R 3  r 3 )
F E , S 2   E  dA   13r 1  E (r )  rˆ 1
S2
e 0 3e 0 39e 0 r2
 For e≤ r, apply Gauss’s Law to sphere S5, For c ≤ r < d, (5R ≤ r < 7R) ,
Qin 4 R 3
4 (e  d ) r
3 3
13R 3 r
F E , S 5   E  dA 
d d
 13r   V (d )  V (r )    E  d     dr
S5
e0 3e 0 3e 0 13 r r 3e 0 r 2
4 R 3 4 (512 R 3  343R 3 ) r r 512 R 3 49 R 2
 4 r E (r ) 
2
13r   V (d )  (   96 R 2 ) 1
3e 0 3e 0 13 39e 0 7 R 2
4 R 3 4 (169 R 3 ) r 23 r R 2
 4 r E (r ) 
2
13r   0  
3e 0 3e 0 13 14 39e 0
 E (r )  0 1
23 r R 2 13R 3 r 13R 3 r
(b) For e ≤ r , (8R ≤ r) ,   V (r )  
14 39e 0 3e 0  7 R 3e 0 r

V ( )  V ( r )    E  d  0 13R 3 r 15 R 2 r
r
 V (r )   2
 V ( r )  V ( )  0 1 3e 0 r 26e 0
For d ≤ r < e , (7R ≤ r < 8R) , For b ≤ r < c, (3R ≤ r < 5R) ,
e 8R r (512 R 3  r 3 )
V (e)  V ( r )    E  d     dr c
r r 39e 0 r2 V (c )  V ( r )    E  d  0
V ( e)  0 1 r

r 3 2 8R
13R 3 r 15 R 2 r 113R 2 r
 0  V (r )   (
512 R r
 )  V ( r )  V (c )   
39e 0 r 2 r 3e 0  5 R 26e 0 390e 0
r 512 R r 3 2
2
 V (r )  (   96 R 2 ) 2
39e 0 r 2
(a) Total charge Q: Q  s 2 Rh 2 (c) Calculate the electric potential difference
between the two cylindrical metal tubes:
(b) Choose S as the Gaussian surface: y
R R
 s   2 Rl S d
E-  2 rl 
e0 V  VB  VA P B
x
h A
 Q / h  B

 E-   rˆ  2    Etotal  dl 1
2e 0  r A

1 d
R
2
 Q / h Q / h  
Q / h    2e 0  (d / 2  x) 2e 0  (d / 2  x) dx

E-  
2e 0  ( x  d / 2)
 iˆ  at P point.
1
d
 R
2
d
R
Q  2
1 1 
In the similar method:
    dx
2e 0 h d  ( x  d / 2) ( d / 2  x) 
 R
2
1 1
Q / h
E 
2e 0  ( d / 2  x)
iˆ   at P point. 

Q  R 
  ln 
2e 0 h 
  ln
 d  R 



 d R  R  
Q d R

e 0 h  R 
Etotal  E  E ln 

Q / h

2e 0  (d / 2  x)
 iˆ  1 (d) The capacitance of this system:
1 d R
Q / h Q

2e 0  ( d / 2  x)

iˆ 1
C
V
 e 0 h / ln 
 R 


1 2