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Lesson3 - Parabolaawithsolutions

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Lesson3 - Parabolaawithsolutions

Uploaded by

Lili Montefalco
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© © All Rights Reserved
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PRE-CALCULUS 11

PARABOLA
LESSON 3
PARABOLA
The parabola is a set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a
fixed point and a fixed line.

The fixed point is known as the focus and the fixed line is the
directrix.

It is a conic whose eccentricity is equal to one.


Properties of Parabola
In the figure,
a. The line through the focus (F)
perpendicular to the directrix (D) is the
principal axis of the curve.
b. The vertex (V) is the midpoint of focus
and the directrix.
c. The distance from V to F or from V to D
are equal and it is denoted by a.
d. The line through the focus perpendicular
to the principal axis is known as the focal
chord or latus rectum whose length is 4a.
e. The focus is the midpoint of the focal
chord whose endpoints are E1 and E2.
GENERAL FORMS

𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
General form of the parabola that
opens either to the right or to the left.
General form of the parabola that
opens either upward or downward.

𝒙𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
VERTEX AT ORIGIN (0,0)

𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒚𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒚 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒚

Opens to the right Opens to the left Opens upward Opens downward
VERTEX AT ORIGIN (0,0)- SUMMARY
EQUATION 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝒚𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝒙 𝑥 𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝑦 𝑥 𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂𝑦

AXIS OF
Horizontal or along x-axis Vertical or along y-axis
PARABOLA
OPENING right left upward downward
FOCUS (a , 0) (-a , 0) (0 , a) (0, -a)
EQUATION OF
x = -a x = -a y = -a y=a
DIRECTRIX
ENDPOINTS OF E1 (a, 2a) E1 (-a, 2a) E1 (2a, a) E1 (2a, -a)
FOCAL CHORD E2 (a, -2a) E2 (-a, -2a) E2 (-2a, a) E2 (-2a, -a)
GRAPH
EXAMPLE 1
Identify the standard form of the equation of a parabola given that the general form
is 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 = 0. Identify all the properties/parts then sketch the graph.
EXAMPLE 2
Identify the standard form of the equation of a parabola given that the general form
is 𝑥 2 + 12𝑦 = 0. Identify all the properties/parts then sketch the graph.
ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE 1
Find the equation of the parabola which satisfies the following conditions:

1. Focus at (1,0) and directrix the line given by x = -1.


ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE 2
Find the equation of the parabola which satisfies the following conditions:

1. with vertex at the origin, axis of symmetry is the y-axis and passing through the
point (4, -2).
VERTEX AT (h,k)

(𝑦 − 𝑘)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂 (𝒙 − ℎ) (𝒚 − 𝑘)𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂(𝒙 − ℎ) (𝑥 − ℎ)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂 (𝑦 − 𝑘) (𝑥 − ℎ)𝟐 = −𝟒𝒂(𝒙 − 𝑘)

Opens to the right Opens to the left Opens upward Opens downward
VERTEX AT (h,k)- SUMMARY
EQUATION (𝑦 − 𝑘)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂 (𝒙 − ℎ) (𝑦 − 𝑘)𝟐−𝟒𝒂 (𝒙 − ℎ) (𝑥 − ℎ)𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂 (𝑦 − 𝑘) (𝑥 − ℎ)𝟐 −𝟒𝒂(𝑦 − 𝑘)

AXIS OF
Horizontal or parallel to x-axis Vertical or parallel y-axis
PARABOLA
OPENING right left upward downward
FOCUS (h+a , k) (h-a , k) (h , k+a) (h, k-a)
EQUATION OF
x = h-a x = h+a y = k-a y = k+a
DIRECTRIX
ENDPOINTS OF E1 (h+a, k+2a) E1 (h-a, k+2a) E1 (h+2a, k+a) E1 (h+2a, k-a)
FOCAL CHORD E2 (h+a, k-2a) E2 (h-a, k-2a) E2 (h-2a, k+a) E2 (h-2a, k-a)
GRAPH
EXAMPLE 3
Reduce the equation is 𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 − 16𝑥 + 52 = 0 to its standard form. Identify all
the properties/parts then sketch the graph.
EXAMPLE 3
Reduce the equation 𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 − 16𝑥 + 52 = 0 to its standard form. Identify all the
properties/parts then sketch the graph.
MATH-try nga!
Reduce the equation 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 8𝑦 + 18 = 0 to its standard form. Identify all the
properties/parts then sketch the graph.
ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE 1
Find the equation of the parabola which satisfies the following conditions:

1. V(-1,2) and ends of latus rectum at (1,6) and (1,-2).


ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE 2
Find the equation of the parabola which satisfies the following conditions:

2. V(1,-2) and the equation of directrix is y=5.

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