Department of Chemistry

UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

CEM1008F - CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

SECOND CLASS TEST: MAY 2022

60 MINUTES, 50 MARKS

Question 1
B. work was done by the system on the surroundings.
[2]
Correct: 74% of class.

Question 2
D. ΔH is positive and ΔS is positive.
[2]
Correct: 34% of class.

Remember that heat gain is associated with an increase in entropy. (The system gains heat,
but the surroundings lose heat, hence the flask feels cold.)

Question 3
A. it has the highest energy density of any fuel.
[2]
Correct: 44% of class.

Question 4
C. 34.8 ºC
[3]
Correct: 74% of class.

qcopper = –qwater
ccopper x mcopper x (Tf – Ti(copper)) = [cwater x mwater x (Tf – Ti(water)]
[ccopper x mcopper x Tf] – [ccopper x mcopper x Ti(copper)] = –[cwater x mwater x Tf] + [cwater x mwater x
Ti(water)]
Tf [ccopper x mcopper] + Tf [cwater x mwater] = [cwater x mwater x Ti(water)] + [ccopper x mcopper x Ti(copper)]
Tf = [cwater x mwater x Ti(water)] + [ccopper x mcopper x Ti(copper)]
[ccopper x mcopper] + [cwater x mwater]
 = [4.184 J ºC–1 g–1 x 159 g x 22.8 ºC] + [0.387 J ºC–1 g–1 x 378 g x 89.5 ºC]
[0.387 J ºC–1 g–1 x 378 g] + [4.184 J ºC–1 g–1 x 159 g]

= 34.8 ºC

Question 5
D. –2.958 x 104 J g–1
[4]
Correct: 66% of class.

-qrxn = qwater + qcalorimeter, The density of water is 1.00 g cm-3 x 3.451 dm3 = 3451 cm3, Thus the
mass of water is 3451 g.
- qhydrocarbon = qwater + qcalorimeter , where q = c x m x ΔT
- qhydrocarbon = [3.451 x 103 g x 4.184 J g-1 °C -1 x (29.55 – 25.00)°C]
+ [546 J °C -1 x(29.55 – 25.00)°C]
- qhydrocarbon = (65697.38 J) + (2484.3 J) = 68181.68 J
qhydrocarbon = –6.818168 x 104 J
qhydrocarbon g-1= (–6.818168 x 104 J)/2.305 g = –2.9579x104 = –2.958 x 104 J g-1

Question 6
D. 39.7 kJ
[3]
Correct: 87% of class.

(1) x -1: N2O3 (g) → N2 (g) + 3/2 O2 (g) ΔH = -83.7 kJ

(2) x ½: ½ N2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) → NO (g) ΔH = 90.2 kJ
(3) x 1: ½ N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g) ΔH = 33.2 kJ
Target rxn: N2O3 (g) → NO (g) + NO2 (g) ΔH = 39.7 kJ

Question 7
B. H < 0 and S > 0.
[2]

Correct: 67% of class.

Question 8
A. −814.0 kJ mol−1
[3]

Correct: 90% of class.


H rxn =  mH
products

f −  nH
reactants

f
Hrxn = 21.2 kJ = (ΔH°f [NaHSO4 (s)] + ΔH°f [HNO3 (g)]) − (ΔH°f [NaNO3 (s)] + ΔH°f [H2SO4 (l)])
= [(1 mol x −1125.5 kJ mol−1) + (1 mol x −135.1 kJ mol−1)]
− [(1 mol x -467.8 kJ mol−1) + ΔH°f [H2SO4 (l)])]
ΔH°f [H2SO4 (l)] = (−21.2 kJ − 1125.5 kJ − 135.1 kJ + 467.8 kJ)
= −157.3 kJ or −157.3 kJ mol−1 (as per definition of H°f)
Question 9
E. −274.8 J
[4]
Correct: 76% of class.

Hrxn = (ΔH°f [Fe2O3 (s)]) − (ΔH°f [Fe (s)] + ΔH°f [O2 (g)])
= (1 mol x −825.5 kJ mol−1) − (1 mol x 0 kJ mol−1 + 1 mol x 0 kJ mol−1)
= −825.5 kJ
Grxn = (ΔG°f [Fe2O3 (s)]) − (ΔG°f [Fe (s)] + ΔG°f [O2 (g)])
= (1 mol x −743.6 kJ mol−1) − (1 mol x 0 kJ mol−1 + 1 mol x 0 kJ mol−1)
= −743.6 kJ
Grxn = Hrxn − TSrxn
Srxn = (Hrxn − Grxn)/T = (−825.5 kJ − (−743.6 kJ))/298 K = -0.2748 kJ or -274.8 kJ

Question 10
C. ion-dipole
[2]
Correct: 66% of class.

Question 11
Isoamyl salicylate (MW = 208.25 g mol−1) has a pleasant aroma and is used in perfumes and

A. 117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 950.0 mL of ethyl alcohol

[3]
Correct: 41% of class.

117.2 g isoamyl salicylate in 950.0 mL of ethyl alcohol

- Notice mass of isoamyl salicylate = 117.2 g is given in all options
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑎𝑚𝑦𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒
- Given; m = = 0.75 m
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠(𝐾𝑔) 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡

- To find; Volume of solvent (ethyl alcohol)

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑎𝑚𝑦𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 117.2 𝑔
But moles of solute = = 208.25 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.563 mol
𝑀𝑊
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑎𝑚𝑦𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 0.563 𝑚𝑜𝑙
mass(kg) of solvent = = 0.75 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑘𝑔 = 0.750 kg = 750 g
𝑚
 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 750 𝑔
Density = 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒; V = 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 0.7893 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 950 ml

Question 12
C. The Cu(NO3)2 solution has a lower vapor pressure and lower freezing point than the
NaBr solution.
[2]
Correct: 15% of class.

Colligative properties depend only on the number of particles. When NaBr dissolves in water, 2
mol of solute particles (1 mol of Na+ and 1 mol of Br-) are formed for each mole of NaBr that
dissolves. However, when Cu(NO3)2 dissolves in water, 3 mol of solute particles (2 mol of NO3-
and 1 mol of Cu2+) are formed for each mole of Cu(NO3)2 that dissolves.

Question 13
B. 146 g mol−1
[3]
Correct: 57% of class.

 = MRT
 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠  ( )( 𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑚𝑒) 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ( )( 𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑚𝑒)
M = (𝑅)(𝑇); 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = (𝑅)(𝑇);  moles = ; =
(𝑅)(𝑇) 𝑀𝑊 (𝑅)(𝑇)
(𝑅)(𝑇)(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠) (0.082)(298)(8.60)
 MW = ( )( 𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑚𝑒) = = 146 g mol−1
(1.918)(0.750)

Question 14
B. 3
[2]
Correct: 28% of class.

Ba(OH)2 → Ba2+ + 2OH- (i = 3)

Question 15
B. the concentrations of the reactants and products have reached constant values.
[2]

Correct: 76% of class.

Question 16
C. 0.136
[3]
Correct: 65% of class.
Two steps undertaken:
- The equilibrium constant of a reaction in the reverse direction is the reciprocal of the equilibrium
constant of the forward reaction
- The equilibrium constant of a reaction that has been multiplied by a number (in this case ½) is
the equilibrium constant raised to the power equal to that number
 Kc (new) = [Kc (old)]-½ = [54]-½ = 0.136

Question 17
E. 5.23
[3]
Correct: 83% of class.

𝑚𝑜𝑙 0.500 𝑚𝑜𝑙

[CO]ini = = = 0.500 M; [Br2]ini = 0.400 M
𝑉𝑜𝑙 1.00 𝐿

Concentration CO Br2 COBr2

Initial 0.5 0.4 0

Change -x -x +x

Equilibrium 0.5 - x 0.4 – x x

[COBr ] 𝑥
Kc = [CO][Br2 ] = (0.5−𝑥)(0.4−𝑥)
2

At equilibrium: [COBr2] = 0.233 M

⸫ x = [COBr2] = 0.233 M; [CO]eq = 0.5 – x = 0.267 M; [Br2]eq = 0.4 – x = 0.167 M

0.233
Kc = (0.267)(0.167) = 5.23

Question 18
A. 0.618
[3]
Correct: 34% of class.

Convert moles to equilibrium concentrations using 2.50 L volume

[PCl5] = 2.02 x 10-4 M; [PCl3] = 6.40 x 10-4 M; [Cl2] = 0.0119 M
Substitute values into Kc:
 [PCl5 ]
Kc = [PCl = 26.5
5 ][Cl2 ]

Calculate Kp from equation Kp = Kc(RT)n

n = 1 – 2 = -1; T = 523 K; R = 0.08206 L atm K mol-1
Kp = 26.5(0.08206 x 523)-1 = 0.618

Question 19
B. low temperature, high pressure
[2]
Correct: 63% of class.

Low temperature:
The reaction is exothermic i.e., releases heat. Decreasing the temperature (remove heat) will
shift the reaction to the right to produce more heat compensating for the loss of heat. This will
increase the concentration of ethane.
High pressure:
The stress (from high pressure) is reduced by producing less gas molecules. The system will
shift right as there are less total gas molecules on that side (1 vs. 3)

END OF TEST