2019

AP Calculus AB
®

Scoring Guidelines

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 AP® CALCULUS AB/CALCULUS BC
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1


5
(a) 0 E  t  dt  153.457690 2:
1 : integral
1 : answer
To the nearest whole number, 153 fish enter the lake from midnight
to 5 A.M.


1 5
(b) 
50 0
L t  dt  6.059038
2:
1 : integral
1 : answer
The average number of fish that leave the lake per hour from
midnight to 5 A.M. is 6.059 fish per hour.

(c) The rate of change in the number of fish in the lake at time t is  1 : sets E  t   L t   0

given by E  t   L t  . 3 :  1 : answer
 1 : justification
E  t   L t   0  t  6.20356

E  t   L t   0 for 0  t  6.20356, and E  t   L t   0 for

6.20356  t  8. Therefore the greatest number of fish in the lake is
at time t  6.204 (or 6.203).

— OR —

Let A t  be the change in the number of fish in the lake from

midnight to t hours after midnight.

t
A t   0  E  s   L s   ds
A t   E  t   L t   0  t  C  6.20356

t A t 
0 0
C 135.01492
8 80.91998

Therefore the greatest number of fish in the lake is at time

t  6.204 (or 6.203).

(d) E  5   L 5   10.7228  0  1 : considers E  5  and L 5 

2:
 1 : answer with explanation
Because E  5   L 5   0, the rate of change in the number of fish
is decreasing at time t  5.

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 AP® CALCULUS AB
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 2

(a) vP is differentiable  vP is continuous on 0.3  t  2.8.  1 : vP  2.8   vP  0.3  0


vP  2.8   vP  0.3 55  55 2 :  1 : justification, using
 0  Mean Value Theorem
2.8  0.3 2.5

By the Mean Value Theorem, there is a value c, 0.3  c  2.8, such that
vP  c   0.

— OR — — OR —

vP is differentiable  vP is continuous on 0.3  t  2.8.  1 : vP  0.3  vP 1.7 

 and vP 1.7   vP  2.8 
2: 
By the Extreme Value Theorem, v p has a minimum on  0.3, 2.8.  1 : justification, using
vP  0.3  55  29  vP 1.7  and vP 1.7   29  55  vP  2.8  .  Extreme Value Theorem
Thus vP has a minimum on the interval  0.3, 2.8  .
Because vP is differentiable, vP  t  must equal 0 at this minimum.

v  0   vP  0.3   vP  0.3  vP 1.7  

vP  t  dt  0.3  P
2.8
(b) 0  2   1.4 
  2 

1 : answer, using trapezoidal sum

v 1.7   vP  2.8  
 1.1 P 
 2 
 0.3 
0  55
2 
 1.4 

55  
2
29  
  1.1


29  55
2 
 40.75

(c) vQ  t   60  t  A  1.866181 or t  B  3.519174  1 : interval


vQ  t   60 for A  t  B 3 :  1 : definite integral
 1 : distance
B
A vQ  t  dt  106.108754

The distance traveled by particle Q during the interval A  t  B is

106.109 (or 106.108) meters.

 1 : 2.8 v  t  dt
(d) From part (b), the position of particle P at time t  2.8 is
2.8
 0 Q
3 :  1 : position of particle Q
xP  2.8   0 vP  t  dt  40.75.

 1 : answer
2.8
xQ  2.8   xQ  0   0 vQ  t  dt  90  135.937653  45.937653

Therefore at time t  2.8, particles P and Q are approximately

45.937653  40.75  5.188 (or 5.187) meters apart.

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 AP® CALCULUS AB/CALCULUS BC
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 3

5 2 5 2
 1 : 5 f  x  dx  5
(a) 6 f  x  dx  6 f  x  dx  2 f  x  dx  6 6 f  x  dx  2 f  x  dx

 7 6 f  x  dx  2  9 
2 9
4  3:  5
 1 : 2 f  x  dx
 1 : answer
 6 f  x  dx  7  11 
2 9
4
 
9
4
4



5 5 5
(b) 3  2 f  x   4  dx  23 f  x  dx  3 4 dx 2:
1 : Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
 2  f  5   f  3   4  5  3 1 : answer
 2  0   3  5   8
 2  3  5   8  2  2 5

— OR —

5
3  2 f  x   4  dx   2 f  x   4x x3
x5

  2 f  5   20    2 f  3  12 
  2  0  20    2  3  5   12 
22 5

(c) g  x   f  x   0  x  1, x  1 , x  5  1 : g  x   f  x 
2 
x g x 3 :  1 : identifies x  1 as a candidate
 1 : answer with justification
2 0
1
1
2
1 1

2 4
9
5 11 
4

On the interval 2  x  5, the absolute maximum value

9
of g is g  5   11  .
4

10 x  3 f  x  101  3 f 1
(d) lim  1 : answer
x 1 f  x   arctan x f 1  arctan 1
10  3  2 4
 
1  arctan 1
1

4

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 AP® CALCULUS AB/CALCULUS BC
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 4

(a) V   r 2 h   12 h   h  1 : dV   dh
2:  dt dt
dV
dt h4

dh
dt h4 
 
1
10 

4   cubic feet per second
5
 1 : answer with units

   
2
(b) d h   1  dh   1   1 h  1 1: d  1 h   1
dt 2 20 h dt 20 h 10 200  dh 10 20 h
 2
2
d h 1 3:  d h 1 dh
Because 2   0 for h  0, the rate of change of the 1: 2   
200  dt 20 h dt
dt 
height is increasing when the height of the water is 3 feet.  1 : answer with explanation

dh 1
(c)   dt  1 : separation of variables
h 10  1 : antiderivatives
 dh    1 dt 
 h  10 4 :  1 : constant of integration
1  and uses initial condition
2 h   tC 
10  1 : h t 
1
2 5   0  C  C  2 5
10 Note: 0 4 if no separation of variables
1
2 h  t2 5
10
Note: max 2 4 [1-1-0-0] if no constant
 
2
1
h t    t  5 of integration
20

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 AP® CALCULUS AB
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 5

 6  2  x  1    2  3cos  x  dx
2


2
(a) 0  h  x   g  x   dx  
 2
 1 : integrand
 2 
 
0

 1 : antiderivative of 3cos 2 x
  6x   x  1    2x  sin  x  
x2
2 3 6  
 4: 
3  2  1 : antiderivative of
x0 
 12     4  0     0     0  0  
 remaining terms
2 2
 1 : answer
3 3
2 2 44
 12  4 
3 3 3

44
The area of R is .
3


2
2 1
(b) 0 A x  dx   dx 1 : integral
0 x  3 2:
1 : answer
  ln  x  3 x0  ln 5  ln 3
x2

The volume of the solid is ln 5  ln 3.

 1 : limits and constant

  
2
(c)    6  g  x  2   6  h x  2 dx 3 :  1 : form of integrand
0
 1 : integrand

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 AP® CALCULUS AB
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 6

(a) h 2   2 1 : answer

3

(b) a x   9 x 2 h x   3x3h x   1 : form of product rule


3 :  1 : a x 
2  1 : a 2 
a 2   9  22 h 2   3  23 h 2   36  4  24   160
3

(c) Because h is differentiable, h is continuous, so lim h x   h 2   4.

 x2  4
 1 : x2
lim 3
4
x2
 1   f  x  
2 2
x 4 x 4 4 :  1 : f  2
Also, lim h x   lim , so lim  4.
x2 x2 1   f  x 3 x2 1   f  x  3  1 : L’Hospital’s Rule

  
Because lim x 2  4  0, we must also have lim 1   f  x  3  0.
x2 x2
  1 : f  2 
Thus lim f  x   1.
x2

Because f is differentiable, f is continuous, so f  2   lim f  x   1.

x2

Also, because f is twice differentiable, f  is continuous, so

lim f  x   f  2  exists.
x2

Using L’Hospital’s Rule,

x2  4 2x 4
lim  lim   4.
x2 1   f  x  3 x2 3  f  x   2 f  x  2
3 1  f  2 
1
Thus f  2    .
3

(d) Because g and h are differentiable, g and h are continuous, so 1 : continuous with justification
lim g  x   g  2   4 and lim h x   h 2   4.
x2 x2

Because g  x   k  x   h x  for 1  x  3, it follows from the squeeze

theorem that lim k  x   4.
x2

Also, 4  g  2   k  2   h 2   4, so k  2   4.

Thus k is continuous at x  2.

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