ACS712

Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC

with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

FEATURES AND BENEFITS DESCRIPTION

▪ Low-noise analog signal path The Allegro™ ACS712 provides economical and precise
▪ Device bandwidth is set via the new FILTER pin solutions for AC or DC current sensing in industrial, commercial,
▪ 5 µs output rise time in response to step input current and communications systems. The device package allows for
▪ 80 kHz bandwidth
easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications
▪ Total output error 1.5% at TA = 25°C
▪ Small footprint, low-profile SOIC-8 package
include motor control, load detection and management, switch-
▪ 1.2 mΩ internal conductor resistance mode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The
▪ 2.4 kVRMS minimum isolation voltage from pins 1-4 to pins 5-8 device is not intended for automotive applications.
▪ 5.0 V, single supply operation
The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear Hall circuit
▪ 66 to 185 mV/A output sensitivity
▪ Output voltage proportional to AC or DC currents
with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the
▪ Factory-trimmed for accuracy die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction
▪ Extremely stable output offset voltage path generates a magnetic field which the Hall IC converts into a
▪ Nearly zero magnetic hysteresis proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the
▪ Ratiometric output from supply voltage close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer.
A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset,
chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed
TÜV America
Certificate Number:
for accuracy after packaging.
U8V 15 05 54214 038
CB 13 06 54214 026 The output of the device has a positive slope (>VIOUT(Q))
when an increasing current flows through the primary copper
conduction path (from pins 1 and 2, to pins 3 and 4), which is
PACKAGE: 8-Lead SOIC (suffix LC) the path used for current sampling. The internal resistance of
this conductive path is 1.2 mΩ typical, providing low power
loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of

Continued on the next page…

Not to scale

Typical Application

+5 V
8
1 VCC
IP+
7 VOUT
2 CBYP
IP+ VIOUT
0.1 µF
IP ACS712
3 6
IP– FILTER CF
4
IP– 5 1 nF
GND

Application 1. The ACS712 outputs an analog signal, VOUT .

that varies linearly with the uni- or bi-directional AC or DC
primary sampled current, IP , within the range specified. CF
is recommended for noise management, with values that
depend on the application.

ACS712-DS, Rev. 22 February 13, 2024

MCO-0000197
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

DESCRIPTION (continued)
the device at up to 5× overcurrent conditions. The terminals of the The ACS712 is provided in a small, surface mount SOIC8 package.
conductive path are electrically isolated from the signal leads (pins The leadframe is plated with 100% matte tin, which is compatible
5 through 8). This allows the ACS712 to be used in applications with standard lead (Pb) free printed circuit board assembly processes.
requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or Internally, the device is Pb-free, except for flip-chip high-temperature
other costly isolation techniques. Pb‑based solder balls, currently exempt from RoHS. The device is
fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory.

SELECTION GUIDE
TA Current Sensing Sensitivity, Sens
Part Number Packing [1]
(°C) Range, IP (A) (Typ) (mV/A)
-S VARIANT [2]
ACS712ELCTR-20A-S Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel –40 to 85 ±20 100
ACS712ELCTR-30A-S Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel –40 to 85 ±30 66
-T VARIANT [3]

ACS712ELCTR-05B-T Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel –40 to 85 ±5 185

ACS712ELCTR-20A-T Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel –40 to 85 ±20 100
ACS712ELCTR-30A-T Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel –40 to 85 ±30 66

[1] Contact Allegro for additional packing options.

[2] -S denotes the lead-free construction with tin-silver-based solder bumps.
[3] -T denotes Pb-contained construction with Pb-based solder bumps. Operating performance of -T and -S devices are identical. -T devices
are RoHS compliant using allowed exemptions provided in Annex III and IV of Directive 2011/65/EU [Exemptions 7(a), 15, 15(a), as ap-
plicable].

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Units
Supply Voltage VCC 8 V
Reverse Supply Voltage VRCC –0.1 V
Output Voltage VIOUT 8 V
Reverse Output Voltage VRIOUT –0.1 V
Output Current Source IIOUT(Source) 3 mA
Output Current Sink IIOUT(Sink) 10 mA
Overcurrent Transient Tolerance IP 1 pulse, 100 ms 100 A
Nominal Operating Ambient Temperature TA Range E –40 to 85 °C
Maximum Junction Temperature TJ(max) 165 °C
Storage Temperature Tstg –65 to 170 °C

2
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Unit
Withstand Voltage [1] VISO Agency rated for 60 seconds per UL 62368-1 ( edition 3) 2400 VRMS
Maximum approved working voltage for basic (single) isolation 420 VPK or VDC
Working Voltage for Basic Isolation VWVBI
according to UL 62368-1 ( edition 3) 297 VRMS
Tested ±5 pulses at 2/minute in compliance to IEC 61000-4-5, 1.2 μs
Impulse Withstand Voltage VIMPULSE 4000 VPK
(rise)/ 50 μs (width)
Clearance DCL Minimum distance through air from IP leads to signal leads. 4 mm
Creepage DCR Minimum distance along package body from IP leads to signal leads 4 mm
Distance Through Insulation DTI Minimum internal distance through insulation 63 μm
Comparative Tracking Index CTI Material Group II 400 to 599 V

[1] 100% Production-tested for 1 second in accordance with UL 62368-1 (edition 3).

Parameter Specification
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1-03
Fire and Electric Shock UL 60950-1:2003
EN 60950-1:2001

3
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

+5 V
VCC
(Pin 8)

Hall Current
Drive

IP+ Sense Temperature

(Pin 1)
Coefficient Trim
IP+
(Pin 2)
Dynamic Offset
Cancellation

Signal VIOUT
Recovery (Pin 7)
RF(INT)

IP−
(Pin 3)
Sense
Trim
IP−
(Pin 4) 0 Ampere
Offset Adjust

GND FILTER
(Pin 5) (Pin 6)

Pinout Diagram

IP+ 1 8 VCC
IP+ 2 7 VIOUT
IP– 3 6 FILTER
IP– 4 5 GND

Terminal List
Number Name Description
1 and 2 IP+ Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally
3 and 4 IP– Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally
5 GND Signal ground terminal
6 FILTER Terminal for external capacitor that sets bandwidth
7 VIOUT Analog output signal
8 VCC Device power supply terminal

4
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

COMMON OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS [1]: Over full range of TA , CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 V
Supply Current ICC VCC = 5.0 V, output open – 10 13 mA
Output Capacitance Load CLOAD VIOUT to GND – – 10 nF
Output Resistive Load RLOAD VIOUT to GND 4.7 – – kΩ
Primary Conductor Resistance RPRIMARY TA = 25°C – 1.2 – mΩ
Rise Time tr IP = IP(max), TA = 25°C, COUT = open – 3.5 – μs
Frequency Bandwidth f –3 dB, TA = 25°C; IP is 10 A peak-to-peak – 80 – kHz
Nonlinearity ELIN Over full range of IP – 1.5 – %
Symmetry ESYM Over full range of IP 98 100 102 %
VCC  ×
Zero Current Output Voltage VIOUT(Q) Bidirectional; IP = 0 A, TA = 25°C – – V
0.5
Output reaches 90% of steady-state level, TJ = 25°C,
Power-On Time tPO – 35 – µs
20 A present on leadframe
Magnetic Coupling [2] – 12 – G/A
Internal Filter Resistance [3] RF(INT) 1.7 kΩ

[1] Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient, TA , and internal leadframe temperatures, TA , provided that the Maximum
Junction Temperature, TJ(max), is not exceeded.
[2] 1G = 0.1 mT.
[3] R
F(INT) forms an RC circuit via the FILTER pin.

COMMON THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS [1]

Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Operating Internal Leadframe Temperature TA E range –40 – 85 °C
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Value Units
Junction-to-Lead Thermal Resistance [2] RθJL Mounted on the Allegro ASEK 712 evaluation board 5 °C/W
Mounted on the Allegro 85-0322 evaluation board, includes the power
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance RθJA 23 °C/W
consumed by the board

[1] Additional
thermal information is available on the Allegro website.
[2] The Allegro
evaluation board has 1500 mm2 of 2 oz. copper on each side, connected to pins 1 and 2, and to pins 3 and 4, with thermal vias con-
necting the layers. Performance values include the power consumed by the PCB. Further details on the board are available from the Frequently
Asked Questions document on our website. Further information about board design and thermal performance also can be found in the Applications
Information section of this datasheet.

5
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

x05B PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS [1] : TA = –40°C to 85°C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Optimized Accuracy Range IP –5 – 5 A
Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP, TA = 25°C 180 185 190 mV/A
Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C, 185 mV/A programmed Sensitivity,
Noise VNOISE(PP) – 21 – mV
CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth
TA = –40°C to 25°C – –0.26 – mV/°C
Zero Current Output Slope ∆VOUT(Q)
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.08 – mV/°C
TA = –40°C to 25°C – 0.054 – mV/A/°C
Sensitivity Slope ∆Sens
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.008 – mV/A/°C
Total Output Error [2] ETOT IP =±5 A, TA = 25°C – ±1.5 – %

[1] Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient temperatures, TA, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature,
TJ(max), is not exceeded.
[2] Percentage of I , with I = 5 A. Output filtered.
P P

x20A PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS [1] TA = –40°C to 85°C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Optimized Accuracy Range IP –20 – 20 A
Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP, TA = 25°C 96 100 104 mV/A
Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C, 100 mV/A programmed Sensitivity,
Noise VNOISE(PP) – 11 – mV
CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth
TA = –40°C to 25°C – –0.34 – mV/°C
Zero Current Output Slope ∆VOUT(Q)
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.07 – mV/°C
TA = –40°C to 25°C – 0.017 – mV/A/°C
Sensitivity Slope ∆Sens
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.004 – mV/A/°C
Total Output Error [2] ETOT IP =±20 A, TA = 25°C – ±1.5 – %

[1] Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient temperatures, TA, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature,
TJ(max), is not exceeded.
[2] Percentage of I , with I = 20 A. Output filtered.
P P

x30A PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS [1]: TA = –40°C to 85°C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Optimized Accuracy Range IP –30 – 30 A
Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C 63 66 69 mV/A
Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C, 66 mV/A programmed Sensitivity,
Noise VNOISE(PP) – 7 – mV
CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth
TA = –40°C to 25°C – –0.35 – mV/°C
Zero Current Output Slope ∆VOUT(Q)
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.08 – mV/°C
TA = –40°C to 25°C – 0.007 – mV/A/°C
Sensitivity Slope ∆Sens
TA = 25°C to 150°C – –0.002 – mV/A/°C
Total Output Error [2] ETOT IP = ±30 A , TA = 25°C – ±1.5 – %

[1] Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient temperatures, TA, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature,
TJ(max), is not exceeded.
[2] Percentage of I , with I = 30 A. Output filtered.
P P

6
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE
IP = 5 A, unless otherwise specified
Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
10.30 10.9
10.25 10.8
10.20
10.7
10.15

ICC (mA)
10.10 10.6
Mean ICC (mA)

10.05 VCC = 5 V 10.5

10.00 10.4
9.95
10.3
9.90
10.2
9.85
9.80 10.1
9.75 10.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
TA (°C) VCC (V)

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

0 0.6
–0.5
–1.0 0.5

–1.5 VCC = 5 V
0.4

ELIN (%)
IOM (mA)

–2.0
VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A,
–2.5 0.3
After excursion to 20 A
–3.0
–3.5 0.2
–4.0
0.1
–4.5
–5.0 0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature
8 186.5
6 186.0
185.5
Sens (mV/A)

4 185.0
ETOT (%)

2 184.5
184.0
0
183.5
–2 183.0
–4 182.5
182.0
–6 181.5
–8 181.0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Sensitivity versus Sensed Current

4.0 200.00
3.5 190.00
180.00
3.0 VCC = 5 V
Sens (mV/A)

170.00
VIOUT (V)

2.5 160.00 TA (°C)

2.0 TA (°C) 150.00 –40
–40 140.00 25
1.5 25 85
85 130.00 150
1.0
150 120.00
0.5 110.00
0 100.00
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Ip (A)
IP (A)

0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature 0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature
2520 0.20

2515 0.15

2510 IP = 0 A 0.10 IP = 0 A
VIOUT(Q) (mV)

IOUT(Q) (A)

2505 0.05

2500 0

2495 –0.05

2490 –0.10

2485 –0.15
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

7
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE
IP = 20 A, unless otherwise specified

Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
9.7 10.4

9.6 10.2

10.0
9.5
Mean ICC (mA)

ICC (mA)
9.8
9.4 VCC = 5 V
9.6
9.3
9.4

9.2 9.2

9.1 9.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
TA (°C) VCC (V)

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

0 0.35
–0.5
0.30
–1.0
–1.5 0.25

ELIN (%)
IOM (mA)

–2.0 0.20
–2.5 VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A,
After excursion to 20 A 0.15
–3.0
–3.5 0.10
–4.0
0.05
–4.5
–5.0 0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)
Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature
8 100.8
6 100.6

4 100.4
100.2
Sens (mV/A)

2
ETOT (%)

100.0
0
99.8
–2
99.6
–4 99.4
–6 99.2
–8 99.0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)
Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Sensitivity versus Sensed Current
5.0 110.00
4.5 108.00 TA (°C)
–40
4.0 106.00
25
3.5 VCC = 5 V 104.00 85
Sens (mV/A)

3.0 102.00 150

VIOUT (V)

2.5 TA (°C) 100.00

–40 98.00
2.0
–20
1.5 25 96.00
1.0 85 94.00
0.5 125 92.00
0 90.00
–25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 25 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 25
Ip (A)
IP (A)

0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature 0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature
2525 0.25
2520 0.20
2515 0.15
VIOUT(Q) (mV)

2510 IP = 0 A 0.10 IP = 0 A
IOUT(Q) (A)

2505 0.05
2500 0
2495 –0.05

2490 –0.10

2485 –0.15
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

8
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE
IP = 30 A, unless otherwise specified
Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
9.6 10.2

9.5 10.0
9.4
9.8

ICC (mA)
Mean ICC (mA)

9.3 VCC = 5 V
9.6
9.2
9.4
9.1

9.0 9.2

8.9 9.0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
TA (°C) VCC (V)

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

0 0.45
–0.5 0.40
–1.0 0.35
–1.5 0.30 VCC = 5 V

ELIN (%)
IOM (mA)

–2.0
0.25
–2.5 VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A,
0.20
–3.0 After excursion to 20 A
0.15
–3.5
–4.0 0.10

–4.5 0.05
–5.0 0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature
8 66.6
6 66.5
66.4
Sens (mV/A)

4
66.3
ETOT (%)

2
66.2
0
66.1
–2
66.0
–4 65.9
–6 65.8
–8 65.7
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Sensitivity versus Sensed Current

5.0 70.00
4.5 69.00
4.0 68.00
Sens (mV/A)

3.5 VCC = 5 V 67.00

VIOUT (V)

3.0 66.00
2.5 TA (°C) 65.00
–40 64.00 TA (°C)
2.0
–20 –40
1.5 25 63.00
25
1.0 85 62.00 85
0.5 125 61.00 150
0 60.00
–30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30
Ip (A)
IP (A)
0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature 0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature
2535 0.35
2530 0.30
2525 0.25
2520 0.20
VIOUT(Q) (mV)

2515 IP = 0 A 0.15 IP = 0 A
IOUT(Q) (A)

2510 0.10
2505 0.05
2500 0
2495 –0.05
2490 –0.10
2485 –0.15
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TA (°C) TA (°C)

9
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

DEFINITIONS OF ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS

Sensitivity (Sens). The change in device output in response to a Accuracy is divided into four areas:
1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the
• 0 A at 25°C. Accuracy at the zero current flow at 25°C, with-
product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear
out the effects of temperature.
IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is pro-
grammed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the • 0 A over Δ temperature. Accuracy at the zero current flow
full-scale current of the device. including temperature effects.

Noise (VNOISE). The product of the linear IC amplifier gain • Full-scale current at 25°C. Accuracy at the full-scale current at
(mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC 25°C, without the effects of temperature.
(≈1 G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot • Full-scale current over Δ temperature. Accuracy at the full-
noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the scale current flow including temperature effects.
sensitivity (mV/A) provides the smallest current that the device is
Ratiometry. The ratiometric feature means that its 0 A output,
able to resolve.
VIOUT(Q), (nominally equal to VCC/2) and sensitivity, Sens, are
Linearity (ELIN). The degree to which the voltage output from proportional to its supply voltage, VCC . The following formula is
the IC varies in direct proportion to the primary current through
used to derive the ratiometric change in 0 A output voltage,
its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attrib-
uted to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the ΔVIOUT(Q)RAT (%).
full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the

VIOUT(Q)VCC / VIOUT(Q)5V


linearity: 100
VCC / 5 V

{ [
100 1–
∆ gain × % sat ( VIOUT_full-scale amperes – VIOUT(Q) )
2 (VIOUT_half-scale amperes – VIOUT(Q) ) [{ The ratiometric change in sensitivity, ΔSensRAT (%), is defined as:
SensVCC / Sens5V
where VIOUT_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the 100
sampled current approximates full-scale ±IP . ‰ VCC / 5 V 
Symmetry (ESYM). The degree to which the absolute voltage
output from the IC varies in proportion to either a positive or Output Voltage versus Sampled Current
Accuracy at 0 A and at Full-Scale Current
negative full-scale primary current. The following formula is
used to derive symmetry: Increasing VIOUT(V)
Accuracy
VIOUT_+ full-scale amperes – VIOUT(Q)

 VIOUT(Q) – VIOUT_–full-scale amperes 

Over ∆Temp erature
100
Accuracy
25°C Only

Quiescent output voltage (VIOUT(Q)). The output of the device

Average
when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, VIOUT

it nominally remains at VCC ⁄ 2. Thus, VCC = 5 V translates into Accuracy

VIOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VIOUT(Q) can be attributed to the Over ∆Temp erature

resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim and Accuracy

thermal drift. IP(min)
25°C Only

Electrical offset voltage (VOE). The deviation of the device out- –IP (A) +IP (A)

put from its ideal quiescent value of VCC / 2 due to nonmagnetic Full Scale
IP(max)
causes. To convert this voltage to amperes, divide by the device
sensitivity, Sens. 0A

Accuracy (ETOT). The accuracy represents the maximum devia-

tion of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known
as the total output error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in Accuracy
25°C Only

the output voltage versus current chart at right. Accuracy

Over ∆Temp erature

Decreasing VIOUT(V)

10
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

DEFINITIONS OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS

Power-On Time (tPO). When the supply is ramped to its operat-

ing voltage, the device requires a finite time to power its internal
components before responding to an input magnetic field.
Power-On Time, tPO , is defined as the time it takes for the output
voltage to settle within ±10% of its steady state value under an
applied magnetic field, after the power supply has reached its
minimum specified operating voltage, VCC(min), as shown in the
chart at right.

Rise time (tr). The time interval between a) when the device I (%) Primary Current
reaches 10% of its full-scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% 90
of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to
derive the bandwidth of the device, in which ƒ(–3 dB) = 0.35 / tr.
Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current 10
Transducer Output

losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. 0

t
Rise Time, tr

Power on Time versus External Filter Capacitance Step Response

200
TA=25°C
180
160 IP = 5 A
140
120
tPO (µs)

IP = 0 A
100
80
60
40
20
0 Output (mV)
0 10 20 30 40 50
CF (nF)
Noise vs. Filter Cap
Noise versus External Filter Capacitance 15 A
10000
Excitation Signal
1000
Noise(p-p) (mA)

100

10

1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
CF (nF)

Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance
1200 180
CF (nF) tr (µs) 160
1000
Open 3.5 140
800 1 5.8 120
tr(µs)

tr(µs)

Expanded in chart at right 4.7 17.5 100

600
22 73.5 80
}

400 47 88.2 60
100 291.3 40
200 220 623 20
0 470 1120 0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100
CF (nF) CF (nF)

11
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
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 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

CHOPPER STABILIZATION TECHNIQUE

Chopper Stabilization is an innovative circuit technique that is the filter. As a result of this chopper stabilization approach, the
used to minimize the offset voltage of a Hall element and an output voltage from the Hall IC is desensitized to the effects
associated on-chip amplifier. Allegro has a Chopper Stabiliza- of temperature and mechanical stress. This technique produces
tion technique that nearly eliminates Hall IC output drift induced devices that have an extremely stable Electrical Offset Voltage,
by temperature or package stress effects. This offset reduction are immune to thermal stress, and have precise recoverability
technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. after temperature cycling.
Modulation is used to separate the undesired DC offset signal This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS
from the magnetically induced signal in the frequency domain. process that allows the use of low-offset and low-noise amplifiers
Then, using a low-pass filter, the modulated DC offset is sup- in combination with high-density logic integration and sample
pressed while the magnetically induced signal passes through and hold circuits.

Regulator

Clock/Logic
Low-Pass
Hall Element
Filter
Sample and
Hold
Amp

Concept of Chopper Stabilization Technique

12
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
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www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

+5 V
+5 V
VPEAK
CBYP
CBYP R1
C2 0.1 µF 100 kΩ
0.1 µF 0.1 µF VRESET
R4 Q1
10 kΩ 2N7002 R2
8 COUT 100 kΩ LM321
1 VCC 0.1 µF 8
1 + 5
IP+ 1 4 VOUT
7 VOUT + IP+ VCC
2
IP+ VIOUT 2 7 3 –
RF IP+ VIOUT 2
IP ACS712 10 kΩ
– RF
R1 U1 D1 C1
6 LT1178 1N914 IP ACS712 1 kΩ
3 1 MΩ 1000 pF
IP– FILTER CF 3 6 R3
4 1 nF IP– FILTER CF
3.3 kΩ
IP– 5 4
GND IP– 5 0.01 µF
R3 C1 GND
R2 0.1 µF
33 kΩ 330 kΩ

Application 3. This configuration increases gain to 610 mV/A

(tested using the ACS712ELC-05A).
Application 2. Peak Detecting Circuit
+5 V
+5 V
CBYP
R1
0.1 µF 33 kΩ
CBYP
0.1 µF RPU
R2 100 kΩ
100 kΩ
8 8
1 1 VCC
VCC D1 IP+
IP+ 1N4448W 7 VOUT 4
2 7 VOUT 2 5
IP+ VIOUT
A-to-D IP+ VIOUT – 1 Fault
Converter
RF 3
IP ACS712 IP ACS712 +
2 kΩ R1 2 U1
6 C1 3 6
LMV7235
3
IP– FILTER
10 kΩ IP– FILTER CF
CF 4 1 nF
4 1 nF IP– 5
IP– 5 GND
GND
D1
1N914

Application 4. Rectified Output. 3.3 V scaling and rectification application Application 5. 10 A Overcurrent Fault Latch. Fault threshold set by R1 and
for A-to-D converters. Replaces current transformer solutions with simpler R2. This circuit latches an overcurrent fault and holds it until the 5 V rail is
ACS circuit. C1 is a function of the load resistance and filtering desired. powered down.
R1 can be omitted if the full range is desired.

13
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
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www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

IMPROVING SENSING SYSTEM ACCURACY USING THE FILTER PIN

In low-frequency sensing applications, it is often advantageous temperature. Therefore, signal attenuation will vary as a function
to add a simple RC filter to the output of the device. Such a low- of temperature. Note that, in many cases, the input impedance,
pass filter improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and therefore the RINTFC , of a typical analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can be as
resolution, of the device output signal. However, the addition of low as 10 kΩ.
an RC filter to the output of a sensor IC can result in undesirable
device output attenuation — even for DC signals. The ACS712 contains an internal resistor, a FILTER pin connec-
tion to the printed circuit board, and an internal buffer amplifier.
Signal attenuation, ∆VATT , is a result of the resistive divider
With this circuit architecture, users can implement a simple
effect between the resistance of the external filter, RF (see
RC filter via the addition of a capacitor, CF (see Application 7)
Application 6), and the input impedance and resistance of the
customer interface circuit, RINTFC. The transfer function of this from the FILTER pin to ground. The buffer amplifier inside of
resistive divider is given by: the ACS712 (located after the internal resistor and FILTER pin
R
 INTFC  . connection) eliminates the attenuation caused by the resistive
∆VATT = VIOUT  divider effect described in the equation for ∆VATT. Therefore, the
 RF + RINTFC 
  ACS712 device is ideal for use in high-accuracy applications
Even if RF and RINTFC are designed to match, the two individual that cannot afford the signal attenuation associated with the use
resistance values will most likely drift by different amounts over of an external RC low-pass filter.
+5 V

Pin 3 Pin 4 VCC

IP– IP– Pin 8

Allegro ACS706
Application 6. When a low pass filter is constructed
externally to a standard Hall effect device, a resistive Voltage
Regulator
divider may exist between the filter resistor, RF, and To all subcircuits
the resistance of the customer interface circuit, RINTFC.
VIOUT Resistive Divider
This resistive divider will cause excessive attenuation, Pin 7
Dynamic Offset

Input
Cancellation

as given by the transfer function for ∆VATT. RF

Filter

Amp Out N.C. Application

0.1 µF Pin 6 Interface
Circuit

Low Pass Filter

Temperature
Gain Offset CF
Coefficient
1 nF RINTFC

Trim Control

IP+ IP+ GND

Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 5

+5 V

VCC
Pin 8
Allegro ACS712
Application 7. Using the FILTER pin
provided on the ACS712 eliminates the Hall Current
Drive
attenuation effects of the resistor divider
between RF and RINTFC, shown in Appli- IP+
Pin 1 Sense Temperature
Coefficient Trim
cation 6. IP+ Buffer Amplifier
Pin 2
Dynamic Offset

and Resistor
Cancellation

Signal VIOUT
Recovery Pin 7
Input

IP– Application
Pin 3 Interface
Sense
Trim Circuit
IP–
Pin 4 0 Ampere
Offset Adjust

RINTFC

GND FILTER
Pin 5 Pin 6 CF
1 nF

14
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

Package LC, 8-pin SOIC

For Reference Only; not for tooling use
(reference Allegro DWG-0000385, Rev. 2 or JEDEC MS-012AA)
Dimensions in millimeters – Not to scale
Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions
Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown

4.90 BSC
8° 0.65 1.27
0° 8
8

0.21 ±0.04

3.90 BSC 6.00 BSC 5.60

Pin 1 Mark Area

1.75
1 2
0.84 +0.43 1 2
–0.44
Branded Face
0.25 BSC PCB Layout Reference View
8× C
SEATING PLANE Reference land pattern layout
0.10 C SEATING (reference IPC7351 SOIC127P600X175-8M);
PLANE GAUGE PLANE all pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads;
+0.13
1.62 –0.27 adjust as necessary to meet application process
0.41 ±0.10 requirements and PCB layout tolerances.
0.15 +0.10
–0.05
1.27 BSC

XXXXXXX
XXX-XXX
Lot Number

Standard Branding Reference View

Lines 1, 2 = 8 characters
Line 3 = 5 characters

Line 1: Part Number

Line 2: Temp, Pkg - Amps
Line 3: First 5 Characters of Assembly Lot Number

Belly Brand: Country of Origin, Lot Number

Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion

15
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
 Fully Integrated, Hall-Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC
ACS712 with 2.4 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor

REVISION HISTORY
Number Date Description

15 November 16, 2012 Update rise time and isolation, IOUT reference data, patents

16 June 5, 2017 Updated product status

17 December 10, 2018 Updated certificate numbers
18 May 17, 2019 Updated TUV certificate mark, and minor editorial updates
19 January 30, 2020 Updated product status and minor editorial updates
20 February 7, 2022 Updated package drawing (page 14)
21 February 9, 2023 Updated selection guide heading (page 2)
Updated Selection Guide (page 2) and Isolation Characteristics (page 3); removed patent
22 February 13, 2024
information (page 16)

Copyright 2024, Allegro MicroSystems.

Allegro MicroSystems reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit
improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the
information being relied upon is current.
Allegro’s products are not to be used in any devices or systems, including but not limited to life support devices or systems, in which a failure of
Allegro’s product can reasonably be expected to cause bodily harm.
The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems assumes no responsibility for its use; nor
for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.
Copies of this document are considered uncontrolled documents.

For the latest version of this document, visit our website:

www.allegromicro.com

16
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
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www.allegromicro.com