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Baffles Types

The document discusses different types of baffles used in heat exchangers including segmental, disk and doughnut, orifice, and rod baffles. It describes each type and their purposes. Baffles are used to support tubes, enhance heat transfer, and direct flow in a desired pattern.

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Mahdi Salih
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10 views

Baffles Types

The document discusses different types of baffles used in heat exchangers including segmental, disk and doughnut, orifice, and rod baffles. It describes each type and their purposes. Baffles are used to support tubes, enhance heat transfer, and direct flow in a desired pattern.

Uploaded by

Mahdi Salih
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Duhok Polytechnic University

Technical College Of Engineering


Chemical Engineering Department

Different types of baffles

Equipment & Plant Design Prepared by


Stage “4”
Group “B” Mahdi Salih Yaseen

Lecturer
Dr. Nwfl Idrees

2023 - 2024
Objective

❖ To support tubes in heat exchangers


❖ To enhance heat transfer by directing the flow through the shell in a desired pattern .

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Introduction
Baffles are essential parts that improve performance, boost economy, and regulate fluid flow in
a variety of industrial processes and machinery. They are deliberately positioned, specially
constructed structures inside a tank, pipeline, or vessel that are intended to affect the flow of
gases, liquids, or particles. There are several different types of baffles, each designed to meet
particular needs and goals. Baffles are essential in a variety of sectors, including food processing,
water treatment, and chemical processing, since they increase turbulence and mixing while
decreasing pressure drop and improving heat transmission. We shall examine the various kinds
of baffles, their purposes, and their uses in a range of industrial industries in this introduction.
Types of Baffles in Heat Exchanger

There are different types that used in heat exchangers, below are the popular ones :
1) Segmental baffles
2) Disk and Doughnut baffles
3) Orifice baffles
4) Rod baffles

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❖Segmental Baffles

A plate type baffle maybe single segmental, double segmental or triple segmental. With the single
and double segmental baffles are most frequently used as they divert the flow most effectively
across the tubes

❖ Disk and Doughnut baffles


Has alternating outer rings and inner disks which directs the flow radially across the tube field.
They all very effective in pressure drop to heat transfer conversion
❖ Orifice Baffles
In this type of baffles the shell side fluid follows through the clearance between the tube outside
diameter and the baffle hole diameter.

❖ Rod Baffles

This type is metal rods rather than plate metal baffles. The type is use wherever a very low-
pressure drop is required. Rod baffles also eliminates the tube vibrations which occur with plate
baffles when fluid velocities are high.
The flow in the shell side is mainly parallel to tube axis. Tubes are arranged with square pitch.
Rods, with a diameter equal to the clearance between the tube rows, are attached to ring supports
and placed between alternate tubes in both horizontal and vertical directions.
Rod baffles are mainly used when the pressure drop available is very low or there is a pressure
drop issue
❖What is a baffle cut?

This term is normally expressed in percentage of the shell inside diameter that is not covered by the
baffle, and is defined as the height of segment that is cut in each baffle to allow the shell side fluid
to flow across the baffle.
The normal recommended value of 20% to 25% cut of shell diameter is used in shell and tube heat
exchanger design, the larger the cut the lower the pressure drop however this comes with a
disadvantage on the heat transfer as the poorly distributed flow with large eddies is produces
causing stagnant areas or dead spaces behind the baffles in the shell, this results in lower heat
transfer coefficient. With a smaller cut the pressure drop is higher and the heat transfer coefficient
is also higher.

To reduce the pressure drop in shell side without the increase of baffle cut beyond 35%; some
strategies can be used, for example double segmental baffles, split shell flow using TEMA J type
shell or cross flow shell using TEMA X type can be used to overcome the issue for shell side
pressure drop

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