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Modeling - Simulation - LEC1

This document discusses modeling and simulation in chemical engineering. It covers topics like what modeling is, different types of models, and how mathematical models can be used to simulate chemical engineering processes. The document also outlines the steps involved in simulation processes and provides examples of different types of mathematical models.

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Mohab Osama
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9 views

Modeling - Simulation - LEC1

This document discusses modeling and simulation in chemical engineering. It covers topics like what modeling is, different types of models, and how mathematical models can be used to simulate chemical engineering processes. The document also outlines the steps involved in simulation processes and provides examples of different types of mathematical models.

Uploaded by

Mohab Osama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modeling & Simulation in

Chemical Engineering
Prerequisite: CHE 232
Modeling & Simulation in Chemical Engineering
Prerequisite: CHE 232

Modelling:
Modelling is the process of representing a model which includes its
construction and working. This model is similar to a real system, which
helps the analyst predict the effect of changes to the system. In other
words, modelling is creating a model which represents a system including
their properties. It is an act of building a model.
Simulation:
Simulation of a system is the operation of a model in terms of time or
space, which helps analyze the performance of an existing or a proposed
system. In other words, simulation is the process of using a model to study
the performance of a system. It is an act of using a model for simulation.
Target of this course:
To recognize different types of model and setup build mathematical mode
to simulate complicated chemical engineering processes>
“
Outlines of this course:
1. Introduction of modeling
• What is the model
• Types of models
• Model development
2. Mathematical model and chemical engineering systems
3. Computer simulation
• Numerical methods
4. Case studies
What is the model? What is the meant by model?

• Model is a representation of real object or situation to show its structure or


its working.

Object: e.g.. Tank, reactor, distillation unit ,……..


Situation: e.g.. Mass transfer, heat transfer, momentum transfer, …..

• Model is abstraction of reality

• Model represents a simplified version of something.

Types of the model

Verbal model
Types of model

Physical model

Schematic model

Mathematical model

Verbal model:
Use words /scenario to represent object or situation to show its structure or its
working
physical model:
Physical model looks like finished object or situation in small scale. ‫ماكيت‬
Schematic model:
Make pictorial representation of the object or the situation
Mathematical model:
Mathematical mode uses numbers and symbols to form the equation which use
in the model building
Types of the model according to static and dynamics

Dynamic: change with time

Why modeling? Uses of model:

Mathematical models are useful in all phases of chemical engineering from research
and development R&D to plant operation and design
R&D includes:
• Determination chemical kinetic mechanisms
• Exploring the effect of different conditions on the process
• Scale-up calculations
Design includes:
• Exploring the sizing and arrangement of equipment
• Studying the interactions of various equipment
• Simulate startup, shutdown and emergency situations
Plant operation includes:
• To discover trouble shooting(problems) during operation.
• To study the effect of expansion and the requirements of expansion
• To make optimization
Conclusion: model must be: cheap, safe and fast
Types of the mathematical model

(1) Linear or non linear


Mathematical model

(2) Static or dynamic

(3) Fundamental or empirical

(4) Discrete or continuous

(5) Deterministic or probabilistic

(1) Linear vs non linear:

• (linear) Y= ax +b

• (non linear) Y = ax+ bx +x2


Y = ax2
Note :Linear model is simple to study than non linear model

(2) Static vs dynamic:

• (Static) Variables ≠ fn (time)

• (Dynamic) Variables = fn (time)

(3) Fundamental VS empirical:

• Fundamental mathematical model based on analytical mode e.g. :


ideal gas law, reaction kinetics,……
• Empirical mathematical model based on lab. experimental
(4) Discrete vs continuous:

• Discrete mathematical model based on batch or semi batch process.


• Continuous mathematical model based on continuous process.

(5) Deterministic or probabilistic:

• Deterministic mathematical model is representation as

Y= f(x) i.e.( y) based on (x)

Y is determined if ( x ) is known
Ex:
y= 2+3x-0.4x2
If x=3
y = 2+3*3-0.4*(3)2
y=7.4
• Probabilistic mathematical model , no definite value of (y), based on
prediction

Steps of Simulation Process


• Problem formulation
• Setting of objectives and overall plan
• Model conceptualization and Building
• Data collection
• Model translation
• Verified?
• Validated
• Experimental design
• Production runs and analysis
• More runs
• Documentation and reporting
• Implementation

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