TITLE OF THE PROJECT

“TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMET SYSTEM”

(T.A.M SYSTEM)

School of Computer Science Engineering

SUBMITTED BY:

Chintapenta Sai Rahul Bharadwaj 21BCE7848

Pendyala Sri Venkata Pranav 21BCE7595
Pullabhotla Vijay Bharadwaj 21BCE7006
JammulaVenkata Sai Nithesh 21BCE8090
Pothula Karthik 21MIS7168
Asmit Singh 21BCE8545

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF

Prof. Debakanta Tripathy

VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, AMARAVATI, AP-522 237,

INDIA
WIN SEM (2022-23) – AMR
PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1
ABSTRACT:

Railways is the most popular and friendly transportation system of the largest part of the
cities in the world. Train is widely used for comfortable and safe journey in a reasonable fare.
People from different professions can effort it. Almost 10,000 billion freight ton-Kilo-meters
and more than 5 billion Passengers of rail transport have been travelled around the world per
years. The railway transportation system plays an important role for business as well as for
leniency and safe travelling in modern life. But at every turn, the train is facing unexpected
situation in travelling because of wrong signal, wrong track switching, insecure level crossing
etc. for which collision have been occurred. As a result, lot of damages has been done in
economic sector with lot of causalities which affect our progress. But we can avoid this
unexpected collision and take prevention from the accident dynamically by using our system
and technology which can be made by ultrasonic sound with a special embedded system. By
using this technology, we can detect the obstacle at a distance and this will prevent
accidents.
Most of the train accidents are caused due to level crossing. So we thought of preventing this
by using Arduino, ultrasonic sensor and L.E.D lights, and buzzers. We even thought to
prevent the accidents that are happening on the platform. We thought of implementing
platform accident prevention. For that we are using ultrasonic sensor, servo motor and an
Arduino. Railway accidents are causing a lot of deaths. We have to prevent them by using
modern methods which are feasible and effective.

Keywords: Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduino UNO, Accident prevention, Object Detection, Servo
motor, Platform accident prevention,

INTRODUCTION

The Indian Railways has the world’s fourth longest railway network on the planet is owned
and operated by government of India, after that of the United States, Russia and China. The
Railways transit carry over 20 million passengers and 2 million tons of freight daily. Indian
Railways not only transports passengers and goods, but it also connects the entire nation into
a common thread. But till now railway transportation system are not safe. Because of huge
Indian railways network, detecting a fault is biggest issue and implementing a new
technology comprises with high cost, efforts and time. Not only in India, a lot of countries
railway faces many collisions during travelling in every year as a result happened lot of
damages, harm and mortalities. But if we add Accident prevention Technology (APT) in
railway then we can prevent any types of accidents. It is an modern technology which can be
detect collision obstacle from particular distance of train and prevent collision energetically
and efficiently by using arduino microcontroller, ultrasound sensor radar module motor driver
with embedded system. The railway accident is one of the most hazardous accidents ever. As
a result, lot of damages has been done in economic sector with lot of causalities which affect
our progress. But we can avoid this unexpected collision and take prevention from the
accident dynamically by using our system and technology which can be made by ultrasonic
sound with a special embedded system.

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 2

BACKGROUND

We are doing this project railway is the most popular and friendly transportation system of the largest
part of the cities in the world. Train is widely used for comfortable and safe journey in a reasonable
fare.
But in railways many accidents are happening every day. We want to prevent them. For that we are
using our T.A.M SYSTEM, Train Accident Management System which will prevent the accidents. We
are using our statistical reports and then we implement our system in which ever places required.

PROBLEM DEFINITION

T.A.M SYSTEM, Train Accident Management System is a system that we are implementing in the
Indian railways to prevent the accidents caused due to the level crossing and platform accidents.
We are implementing this by using Arduino, ultrasonic sensor , led lights, buzzers and servo motor.
We do that statistical survey and use the data in our project. We can prevent a lot of accidents by using
this method.

OBJECTIVE

Railways is the most popular and friendly transportation system of the largest part of the cities in the
world. Train is widely used for comfortable and safe journey in a reasonable fare. People from different
professions can afford it. But everyday many people are dying on the railway tracks. Our aim is to
prevent these accidents by using our T.A.M SYSTEM, Train Accident Management system. , Train
Accident Management System which will prevent the accidents. We are using our statistical reports
and then we implement our system in which ever places required. We are implementing this by using
Arduino, ultrasonic sensor , led lights, buzzers and servo motor.We do that statistical survey and use
the data in our project. We can prevent a lot of accidents by using this method

COMPONENTS USED:
APPARATUS:

1. 2x Arduino Uno
2. 7.4v Battery or Cable
3. 2x Ultrasonic sensor
4. Sunboard sheet
5. Toy Train
6. Jumper wires
7. 6x Led lights
8. 6x Buzzer
9. Servo motor
10.Cardboard
PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 3
DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS
The proposed system is an enhanced technique for monitoring the obstacle which uses arduino
microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, and radar module. The radar will obtain the distance from
the obstacle and ultrasonic sensor will ensure to avert the accidents that may occur by the
collision between the train and obstacle. Ultrasonic sensors work by emitting sound waves at a
frequency too high for humans to hear. They then wait for the sound to be reflected back,
calculating distance based on the time required. This is similar to how radar measures the time
it takes a radio wave to return after hitting an object. Servo motor is a kind of motor which is
used in the second part of the project. This is used to lift the barricade and then stop
passengers.

ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER

A Micro controller comprises of an incredible CPU firmly combined with memory, different
I/O interfaces, for example, sequential port, parallel port clock or counter, intrude on
controller, information procurement interfaces- Analog to Digital converter, Digital to
Analog converter, coordinated on to a solitary silicon chip. In the event that a framework is
created with a chip, the originator needs to go for outside memory, for example, RAM, ROM,
EPROM and peripherals. In any case, controller is given every one of these offices on a
solitary chip. Advancement of a Micro controller lessens PCB size and cost of plan.

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 4

ULTRASONIC SENSOR

An ultrasonic sensor transmits ultrasonic waves into the air and detects reflected waves from
an object. There are many applications for ultrasonic sensors, such as in intrusion alarm
systems, automatic door openers and backup sensors for automobiles. Accompanied by the
rapid development of information processing technology, new fields of application, such as
factory automation equipment and car electronics, are increasing and should continue to do
so. Using its unique piezoelectric ceramics manufacturing technology developed over many
years, Murata has developed various types of ultrasonic sensors which are compact and yet
have very high performance. As the name indicates, ultrasonic sensors measure distance by
using ultrasonic waves. The sensor head emits an ultrasonic wave and receives the wave
reflected back from the target. Ultrasonic Sensors measure the distance to the target by
measuring the time between the emission and reception.

An optical sensor has a transmitter and receiver, whereas an ultrasonic sensor uses a single
ultrasonic element for both emission and reception. In a reflective model ultrasonic sensor, a
single oscillator emits and receives ultrasonic waves alternately. This enables miniaturization
of the sensor head

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 5

SERVO MOTOR

In modern cars, servo motors are used to control its speed. When stepping on the gas pedal, it
sends electrical signals to the car's computer. The computer then processes that information and
sends a signal to the servo attached to the throttle to adjust the engine speed. In other words, servo
motors get their name from the fact that they can be relied upon to operate "exactly as
commanded". Any electric motor capable of controlling parameters like position and speed is called a
servo motor, regardless of how this control is achieved.

METHODOLOGY/PROCEDURE

Train is widely used for comfortable and safe journey in a reasonable fare. People from different
professions can afford it. But everyday many people are dying on the railway tracks. Our aim is to
prevent these accidents by using our T.A.M SYSTEM, Train Accident Management system. Train
Accident Management System which will prevent the accidents. Just as in the case of Roadways,
Railways have some accident-prone areas. First, we have collected the statistical reports of the
accident-prone areas of the Indian Railways. We want to implement our TAM system in those areas
where the probability of a train accident is very high. Our TAM system consists of two parts- the first
part is the Level Crossing Accident Prevention, and the second part is called Platform Accident
Prevention. In the Level Crossing Accident Prevention, we use the Arduino and Ultrasonic sensor.
These detect the approaching train. Whenever there is an obstacle on the track, The LED’s and the
buzzers connected to the sensors alert the driver and prevent the accident beforehand. We want to place
the LED’s and buzzers in the accident prone areas

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 6

T.A.M SYSTEM

1. Level Crossing Accident Prevention

2. Platform Accident Prevention.

Level Crossing Accident Prevention

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

2. Platform Accident Prevention. GATE OEPN

GATE CLOSE

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

LEVEL CROSSING CAUSES MANY ACCIDENTS IN INDIA. THIS CAN BE PREVENTED BY

USING OUR LEVEL CROSSING ACCIDENT PREVENTION.
T.A.M SYSTEM

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 8

PEOPLE STUCK IN BETWEEN THE TRAIN AND PLATFORM. WE USE THE PLATFORM
ACCIDENT PREVENTION , T.A.M SYSTEM .

PLANNING AND ORGANISATION:

The working model incudes principles of design thinking and hence has 4 stages in it

Define, - We define the problem statement.

Ideate – we ideate the problem and then we implement.

Prototype – we build a prototype and check it whether it works or not.

Testing – we test the final project and implement in the required field .

Plan of Action of the Project:

Plan of action Requirements Action Dates
07-Feb-2023
- Identification of the Problem and the Title of the project to 11-Feb-
- Identification of Required components 2023
- Identification of approximate budget Required
- Plan of action
Review-I Introductory - Timeline of Progress
10-Mar-2023
to 12-Mar-
Review-II Midterm Progress - Demonstration of a Complete Working prototype 2023
07-Apr-2023
to 09-Apr-
Review-III Final review - Making final updates as per the suggestions of the guide 2023
Project Report - Final report submission 16-Apr-2023

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 9

STATISTICAL REPORTS :

Graphical representations of the following bars and pie’s

https://www.news18.com/news/india/end-of-the-line-about-five-people-died-daily-in-
railway-crossing-accidents-in-india-in-2021-two-from-up-6068221.html

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1029503/india-train-accident-number/

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1

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ACCIDENT PRONE AREAS:

ACCIDENT PRONE ZONE IN PUNE RAILWAY MAP . IN THIS WAY WE COLLECT ALL
THE ACCIDENT PRONE AREA ZONES THROUGH OUT INDIA AND THEN IMPLEMENT
OUR T.A.M SYSTEM TO PREVENT THE ACCIDENTS

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1

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BUDGET:

Item Price

2X Aurdino UNO R3 1600 INR

2X HC-SR04 Ultrasonic 1400 INR

Distance Sensor Module

Train Model 800 INR

Sunboard/Foam Board Sheet 400 INR

LED LIGHTS 200 INR

BUZZERS 300 INR

SERVO MOTOR 500 INR

ORGANISATION:

MEMBER ROLE

Chintapenta Sai Rahul Bharadwaj Documentation Lead

Pendyala Sri Venkata Pranav Quality Check Lead

Jammula Venkata Sai Nithesh Marketing lead

Pothula Karthik Technical lead

Pullabhotla Vijay Bharadwaj Management lead

Asmit Singh Finance Lead

PROJECT REPORT ON TRAIN ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1

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CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:

In this project, railway track monitoring and accident avoidance. The simulation has
been done using proteus and testing has been carried out using the established model.
It has remained projected that if the system is applied in railways, trains accidently on
the track error notices and buzzes the alarm and human life saved if this scheme is
implemented. The accident prevention controller thus can be used in unmanned level
crossings to reduce the occurrence of coincidences. Then the scheme is completely
automatic it can be used in remote villages where no station master or line man is
present. Also, it saves lot of times as it is automated whereas manual systems take
time for the line man to inform the station master to close and open the gate which
will consume a considerable amount of time. Also, since it is completely automated
there are fewer chances for error to occur. Thus, this design is very useful in railway
applications.

The future scope for this kind of project is very needed. All the future trains are going
to be very fast on tracks so we can’t let people die on tracks. We have to warn them
even more or better prevent them from walking on tracks. So lets prevent these
accidents as early as possible. we should not let people cross tracks while a train is
arriving. Level crossing accidents should be prevented. We hope our T.A.M SYSTEM
will be helpful in this case to prevent some part of the railway accidents.

REFERENCES

https://harishprojectss.blogspot.com/2020/12/smart-railway-station-accident.html

https://harishprojectss.blogspot.com/2022/04/inspire-award-project-train-
accident.html

https://factly.in/indian-railway-accidents-statistics-review-last-5-years/

https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/Why-certain-zones-are-prone-to-
railway-accidents/article15619040.ece

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRONx4NNid8

CODES IN APPENDIX

https://harishprojectss.blogspot.com/2020/12/smart-railway-station-accident.html

https://harishprojectss.blogspot.com/2022/04/inspire-award-project-train-
accident.html

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