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3 Blank - PARTICLES Revision Physics Year 10

The document discusses key concepts related to particles and the states of matter including density, internal energy, specific heat capacity, pressure, and changes of state. It provides definitions, key facts about solids, liquids and gases, and sample calculation questions related to energy, mass, volume, pressure and changes of state.

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Misekr36
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11 views2 pages

3 Blank - PARTICLES Revision Physics Year 10

The document discusses key concepts related to particles and the states of matter including density, internal energy, specific heat capacity, pressure, and changes of state. It provides definitions, key facts about solids, liquids and gases, and sample calculation questions related to energy, mass, volume, pressure and changes of state.

Uploaded by

Misekr36
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3 PARTICLES

EQUATIONS

Density, ρ = ______ E = ______Δθ E = mL p = F / A pV = constant (i.e. pV before = pV after)

UNITS

kg/m3 kg m3 __________ (for c) J/kg _________= Pascal, Pa

DEFINITIONS

Internal energy is the total energy of a system/particles = __________energy (linked to temperature)


& ___________ energy (linked to bonds)

Specific heat capacity, c is the energy required to inc. the _______ of 1kg by 10C (no change in state)

Specific latent heat is the energy needed to change 1kg from one _________ to another (no change
in temperature); ‘fusion’ for solidliquid; ‘vaporisation’ for liquidgas

Pressure is the _______ per unit area, the net force exerted by gas particles is at right angles to the
surface of the container

KEY FACTS

Solids – particles closely packed, _______ position, fixed _______ & shape, usually highest density

Liquids – particles closely packed, no fixed position, random direction at low speed, fixed _______,
variable shape, can flow and fills bottom of container

Gases – particles freely moving, random direction & speeds, variable volume and shape, low density,
fills container and is the only one which is c le

Changes in state are physical changes and reversible not chemical

Heating will increase its internal energy either by inc. temperature(E k) or change its state (Ep)

Doing work on a gas increases its ___________energy and is equal to p times V

Changes of state = freezing/melting; boiling/condensing; sublimation/

Pressure increases with temperature and is i____________y proportional to volume

With temperature increase particles move ____________ hence more force, increasing pressure

With increased volume (fixed no. of particles) collisions occur less frequently hence less pressure

PRACTICALS For regular shapes, calculate volume and use equation density = mass/volume;
E__________a can to calc. volume of irregular shapes and then calculate density
QUESTIONS

For water: cice = 2100J/kg0C cwater = 4200 J/kg0C Lfusion = 330,000 J/kg Lvaporitation = 2.3x106 J/kg

1. A fuse wire of mass 1.75g melts when overheated. If the specific latent heat of fusion of the
metal was 205 kJ/kg, how much energy would this need (assuming no losses)?

2. A bicycle pump is used to inflate a tyre. As the piston of the pump is lowered, explain...
a. why the internal energy of the air in the piston increases?

in terms of the particles themselves why does the pressure increase in a reduced volume?

3. A wind turbine has a volume of air passing through it of 2.3x104m3 per second. If the density
of air is 1.2 kg/m3 calculate the mass of air used each second in kg/s.

4. A container of volume 9 cm3 has air in it at a pressure of 1.6 x 105 Pa. If the volume expands
to 1.8 x 105 Pa what is the new volume? State 2 assumptions that are made for this
calculation.

5. A cup of water contains 250g of water at room temperature of 200C. Assuming no energy
losses how much energy is needed to change all of the water to the gaseous state?

6. For a 1 kilogram sample of a given substance which would have the largest volume, its solid
or gaseous state? Explain why. Also describe the motion of its particles in those 2 states of
matter.

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