WEATHER MONITORING SYSTEM

USING LORA AND RASPBERRY PI PICO

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
DR. NEHA GUPTA - SENSE
BY
CHINTALA RAKSHAN (20BES7040)
CHINTALA MAHINDRA(20BES7026)
SONTI RAVI VARMA (20BEV7062)
CONTENTS:
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Existing system
• Proposed methodology
• Proposed Transmitter section block diagram
• Transmitter section Hardware components
• Proposed Receiver section block diagram
• Receiver section Hardware components
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Conclusion
• Future scope
• References
ABSTRACT:

• In recent years, the monitoring systems play significant roles in our life. So, in this paper, we propose an
automatic weather monitoring system that allows having dynamic and real-time climate data of a given
area. The proposed system is based on the internet of things technology and embedded system. The system
also includes electronic devices, sensors, and wireless technology. The main objective of this system is
sensing the climate parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and existence of some gases, based on the
sensors. The captured values can then be sent to remote application.
INTRODUCTION:

• Internet of Things (IoT) affects all habitual domains[1]. The invented IoT systems are attempted to control,
manage, and monitor human usual actions, environmental parameters, or animal movements. So, all these
innovations are developed to facilitate human work and make the life easier than before. In this stage, the
environmental monitoring systems are invented to measure and control the environment parameters. For
many years, humans try to understand their environment. So, humans have invented many objects to
measure various parameters. For example, humans have created thermometer, barometer, and pyrometer
for measuring temperature, atmospheric pressure, and solar radiation, respectively. However, those
traditional tools must be used locally.
LITERATURE SURVEY:

• In recent time, the new technology applications allow us to measure various air parameters in distance, thus
to monitor airi quality remotely. These applications are developed thanks to the advantage of internet ofi
things and the innovation of new devices. The monitoring systems necessitate the application interface that
can be web page, software, or mobile application for visualization of the received values or controlling the
systems. In 2016, Rao presented the system fori monitoring weather based on IoT. The systemi measured
various parameters such as temperature values, light intensity, and CO level. In the same year, Ram and
Gupta developed weather visualization system based on wireless sensor networks. This latter is able to
capture temperature, light, and humidity values. The sensed data are then transferred to web page for
monitoring. In 2017, Kumar and Jasuja designed a new system based on the internet of things technology
by using the Rasberry Pi card. The system aimed to evaluate air quality by measuring its parameters, such as
temperature, monoxide and dioxide carbon, andi air pressure and humidity. In 2019, Durrani proposed a
smart weather station for monitoring weather parameters. This system is equipped with various sensors
that collect data from their location and then send them to the cloud. In addition, they can predict the
future stations of weather by using machine learning algorithms.
EXISTING SYSTEM

Weather monitoring traditionally relies on manual weather stations and sporadic data collection, which can be
limited in accuracy and coverage..
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY:

• The proposed system leverages IoT and LoRa technology to create an automated, real-time
weather monitoring network with extended coverage, improved precision, and lower
maintenance costs.
PROPOSED BLOCK DIAGRAM: TRANSMITTER SECTION
TRANSMITTER SECTION HARDWARE COMPONENTS:
• Raspberry pi pico
• Gas sensor
• Fire sensor
• Dht11 sensor
• Light sensor
• 16*2 LCD
• Lora transmitter
• Buzzer
• Jumper wires etc
PROPOSED RECEIVER SECTION BLOCK DIAGRAM
RECEIVER SECTION HARDWARE COMPONENTS:

• Raspberry pi pico
• LORA RX
• 16*2 LCD
• Jumper wires etc
ADVANTAGES:

• Real-Time Data: IoT and LoRa provide real-time weather information for accurate predictions and decision-
making.
• Cost-Efficiency: LoRa's low-power technology makes it cost-effective for wide-area sensor deployment.
• Scalability: Easy to expand the system by adding more sensors without major changes.
• Long Battery Life: LoRa devices can run on batteries for extended periods, reducing maintenance.
• Remote Monitoring: Monitors hard-to-reach areas, improving data coverage.
• Data Accuracy: High precision sensors enhance forecast accuracy.
• Customization: Tailor the system to monitor specific weather parameters.
DISADVANTAGES:

• Limited Range: LoRa's range may not cover extreme distances or some areas.
• Interference: Signal quality can be affected by interference or obstructions.
• Initial Setup Costs: Setting up IoT and LoRa systems requires an upfront investment.
• Maintenance Challenges: Occasional maintenance and battery replacement are needed.
• Security Concerns: Vulnerable to cyberattacks, raising data tampering concerns.
• Data Privacy: Weather data may have privacy implications.
• Data Transmission Delays: Data transmission may experience delays, especially during network congestion.
APPLICATIONS:

• Applications of weather monitoring using LoRa and IoT include agriculture for optimizing crop
management, smart cities for urban planning, disaster management for early warnings, and
environmental research for data collection
CONCLUSION:

• Weather monitoring using LoRa and IoT offers real-time, cost-effective, and scalable solutions with high
precision, although it faces challenges like limited range and security concerns.
WORKING

• The underneath block outline basically shows the working of the endeavor wherein various part
s are related with Micro Controller and various sensors
• are related with it. Here it is a Sensor-Node block outline, where we interface various sensors t
o get climate readings from air. And this information is sent through LoRa to get communicated
to Gateway-Node.
• Sensor Node: In which different parts are associated with Micro Controller-Arduino and different
sensors are associated with it. Here these sensors gather the information from environment
i.e., Climatic circumstances utilizing individual sensors and sends every one of the information
to MCU-
WORKING
• In Gateway: Node Block Diagram we have just two parts Esp32 and Lora. Where the communicated information
from LoRa-Sensor Node will be gotten by Gateway-Node LoRa and it is shipped off web through ESP32.Here with
Web program or Thingspeak the client can check/notice the information. LoRa Based Weather Station requires
Sender and Receiver circuit to impart remotely. In this way, the Sender Circuit is called as Sensor-Node and the
Receiver Circuit is called as 'Door'. We can keep the Weather Station framework on the top of your home or any
farther region only a couple of kilometres from your area. With the sensor like BME280-Barometric Pressure
Sensor alongside a BH1750-Light sensor and furthermore a Rain Sensor.
• a. Here Arduino is regulator circuit for Sensor-Node, where we interface all sensors: BME280, BH1750, Rain Sens
or, LoRa module to Arduino according to Circuit Diagram.
• b. BME280 sensor gets the environment readings of Temperature, Humidity, Atmospheric Pressure from Atmosphe
re and sends the information to Arduino [MC].
• c. Then, BH1750 sensor gets the Light Intensity in units of lux and sends the information to Arduino
• d. Rain Sensor FC-37 will give the level of precipitation in that specific region. What's more, 0% for no precipitation
• e. All this information from Arduino will get moved to LoRa module and communicated to Receiver LoRa module.
• f. And ESP32 is regulator circuit for Gateway-Node, where LoRa Receives the information from transmitter LoRa a
t sensor-hub.
• g. This information will be handled to Web by means of Thingspeak and web neighbourhood server.
• h. A URL will be created in this cycle; this will be utilized to screen the Weather readings as displayed in results
• i. And a diagram/chart will be made in Thingspeak with this large number of readings
FUTURE SCOPE:

• The future of weather monitoring with LoRa and IoT holds promise for improved coverage, reduced
costs, and enhanced data security through advancements in technology and infrastructure
development.
 REFERENCES:
• F. Firouzi, K. Chakrabarty, and S. Nassif, Intelligent Internet of Things: From Device to Fog and
Cloud. Cham, Germany: Springer International Publishing, 2020.J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on
Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.
• [2] P. Sethi and S. R. Sarangi, Internet ofi things: Architectures, protocols, and applications,
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 2017, p. 9 324 035, 2017.
• [3] D. Navani, S. Jain, and M. S. Nehra, The Internet ofi Things (IoT): A study of architectural
elements, presented at 2017 13th Int. Conf. Signal-Image Technology & InternetBased Systems
(SITIS), Jaipur, India, 2017,i pp. 473–478.
• [4] R. Khan, S. U. Khan, R. Zaheer, and S. Khan, Future internet: The internet of things
architecture, possible applications and key challenges, presented at 2012 10th Int. Conf. Frontiers
of Information Technology, Islamabad, India, 2012, pp. 257–260.
• [5] P. P. Ray, Internet of things for smart agriculture: Technologies, practices and future direction,
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 395– 420, 2017.