RESEARCH 4

4TH QUARTER
WEEK 3

Learning Competency: Use tools in collecting data.

What I Need to Know

Data can be defined as the quantitative or the qualitative value of a variable (e g.
number, images, words, figures, facts, or ideas). Data is the lowest form of information from
which measurements and analysis can be done. Data is collected to be further subjected to
hypothesis testing which seeks to explain a phenomenon. One has to select from the
available tools those which will provide data he seeks for testing hypothesis.

Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring data, information or any
variables of interest in a standardized and established manner that enables the collector to
answer or test hypothesis and evaluate outcomes of the particular collection.

What is It

Data collection tools refer to the devices/instruments used to collect data, such as a
paper questionnaire or computer-assisted interviewing system. It is important to decide the
tools for data collection because research is carried out in different ways and for different
purposes. The objective behind data collection is to capture quality evidence that allows
analysis to lead to the formulation of convincing and credible answers to the questions that
have been posed.

A list of basic data collection tools includes the following:

1. Surveys and Questionnaires

Survey research means collecting information about a group of
people by asking them questions and analyzing the most used of the
data gathering devices. It is easy to prepare and to administer.

It is a device for securing answers to questions by using a form

which the respondent will fill out by himself. It is a systematic compilation
of questions. It may be in a printed form or one designed to be filled in online.

2. Interview

The term ‘interview ‘is derived from the Latin language which
means “see each other”. In general terms, the interview is nothing
but a formal meeting between an interviewer and interviewee
where questions are asked by former and answers are given by
later (Reddy, 2021).

Interviews can be done face-to-face or via video conferencing tools; audio recorder,
digital camera, and camcorder.
 3. Schedules
When a researcher is using a set of questionnaires for interview
purpose it is known as schedule. Thus, schedule is a list of questions
formulated and presented with the specific purpose of testing an
assumption or hypothesis.

Schedule is the tool or instrument used to collect data from the

respondents while interview is conducted. Schedule contains questions,
statements (on which opinions are elicited) and blank spaces/tables for
filling up the respondents. Questions in the schedule are presented to
the interviewee by the interviewer and at the same time answers are
being noted down by him.

4. Observation Techniques
A form on which observations on an object or phenomenon is
recorded. Data obtained through observation are more real and true
than the data collected by any other method. Observation seeks to
ascertain what people think and do by watching them in action as they
express themselves in various situations and activities. The nature of
the observation could be accomplished either as a complete observer,
an observer as a participant, a participant as an observer or as a
complete participant. This method is a key base of formulating a
hypothesis.

5. Rating Scale
Rating is term applied to express opinion or judgment regarding
some situations, objects or characters. Opinions are usually
expressed on a scale of values; rating techniques are devices by
which such judgments may be quantified. A rating method is a method
by which one systematizes the expression of opinion concerning a
trait.

In rating scale, data are collected by verbal behavior, facial

expression, personal documents, clinical type interview, projective
techniques and immediate experiences as emotions, thoughts and
perceptions.

What I Can Do

WORKSHEET 2
Directions: Select the correct word from the box to the definition below.

interview schedule data collection

rating scale observation survey and questionnaire

____1. It is a set of questionnaires for interview purpose that contains questions, statements
and blank spaces/tables for filling up the respondents and is used by the interviewer during
the interview.

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____2. The process of gathering and measuring data, information or any variables of interest
in a standardized and established manner that enables the collector to answer or test
hypothesis and evaluate outcomes of the particular collection.

____3. Opinions are usually expressed on a scale of values; rating techniques are devices
by which such judgments may be quantified.

____4. It is a systematic compilation of questions. It may be in a printed form or one designed

to be filled in online. It is a device for securing answers to questions by using a form which
the respondent will fill out by himself.

____5. Data obtained through this are more real and true than the data collected by any
other method. It seeks to ascertain what people think and do by watching them in action as
they express themselves in various situations and activities.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

______1. The term is derived from the Latin language which means “see each other”.
A. Survey and questionnaire C. interview
B. rating scale D. schedule

______2. Opinions are usually expressed on a scale of values; rating techniques are devices
by which such judgments may be quantified.
A. Survey and questionnaire C. interview
B. Rating scale D. schedule

______3. It seeks to ascertain what people think and do by watching them in action as they
express themselves in various situations and activities.
A. Interview C. survey and questionnaire
B. Rating scale D. observation

______4. It is the tool or instrument used to collect data from the respondents while interview
is conducted.
A. Interview C. schedule
B. Rating scale D. observation

______5. It can be done through face-to-face or via video conferencing tools: audio recorder,
digital camera, and camcorder.
A. Rating scale C. interview
B. Observation D. survey

______6. It refers to the devices/instruments used to collect data such as a paper

questionnaire or computer-assisted interviewing system.

A. Data collection tools C. Collection method

B. Data collection methods D. Methods in gathering data
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______7. A rating method whereby one systematizes the expression of opinion concerning
a trait.

A. Data collection method C. rating method

B. Survey D. rating scale

______8. A list of questions formulated and presented with the specific purpose of testing an
assumption or hypothesis.

A. Rating scale C. survey/questionnaire

B. Schedule D. interview

______9. The nature of the ________ could be accomplished either as a complete observer,
an observer as a participant, a participant as an observer or as a complete participant.

A. Interview C. observation
B. Survey/questionnaire D. schedule

_____10. It is a device for securing answers to questions by using a form which the
respondent will fill by himself. It is a systematic compilation of questions. It may be a printed
form or one designed to be filled in on line.

A. Survey/questionnaire C. observation
B. Schedule D. interview