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How Is Autogas Monitored in Order To Control The...

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12 views2 pages

How Is Autogas Monitored in Order To Control The...

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هندسة العقول
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Monitoring Autogas (LPG) Quantities at Gas Stations

Controlling the quantities of incoming and outgoing LPG at autogas stations is crucial to prevent
shortages, ensure accurate sales, and maintain efficient operations. Here's an overview of
common monitoring methods and references for further exploration:

1. Inventory Management Systems (IMS):

● Function: These computer-based systems record and track LPG inventory levels in
real-time. They receive data from various sources and perform calculations to monitor
quantities.
● Components:
○ Tank Gauging Systems: These can be automated (using sensors and software) or
manual (using dipsticks). They measure the level of LPG in each tank, which is then
converted to volume using tank calibration charts.
○ Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems: These record the volume of LPG dispensed to each
vehicle during fueling.
○ Delivery Management Systems: These track incoming deliveries, including volume data
received from supplier meters or tank truck gauges.
● Example: A gas station's IMS receives data from tank gauges showing a decrease in volume
from Tank #1. It then checks the POS system to see if the dispensed volume matches the
decrease. Any discrepancies can be flagged for investigation.

2. Metering Systems:

● Function: Meters accurately measure the volume of LPG dispensed to each vehicle during
fueling.
● Types:
○ Positive Displacement Meters: These meters have internal components that capture a
specific volume of LPG with each rotation. They are known for their accuracy.
○ Mass Flow Meters: These meters measure the mass of LPG passing through them and
convert it to volume using the LPG's density at the operating temperature and pressure.
● Example: Every time a customer fuels their car, the LPG dispenser meter records the
dispensed volume. This data is then transferred to the IMS for sales tracking and inventory
reconciliation.

3. Leak Detection Systems:

● Function: These systems identify and locate leaks in tanks, pipes, and dispensing
equipment to prevent LPG loss.
● Types:
○ Acoustic Leak Detectors: These use sensitive microphones to detect the sound of
escaping gas.
○ In-Line Leak Detectors: These are installed in pipelines and continuously monitor for
pressure changes that could indicate a leak.
○ Inventory Reconciliation: Regularly comparing dispensed volumes with inventory
changes can help identify potential leaks that aren't detected by other methods.
● Example: An acoustic leak detector in the dispenser area identifies a hissing sound.
Maintenance personnel can then locate and repair the leak, preventing LPG loss.

4. Calibration and Verification:

● Function: Regularly calibrating tank gauges, meters, and other monitoring equipment
ensures their accuracy in measuring LPG quantities.
● Importance: Inaccurate measurements can lead to significant discrepancies in inventory
records and potential shortages.
● Example: Tank gauges are periodically calibrated using a known volume of liquid to ensure
their readings are accurate.

References:

● National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Handbook 41 for the


Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids:
https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm/nist-handbooks
● American Petroleum Institute (API) - Recommended Practice 2557 - Calibration of Tank
Gauges: https://www.normadoc.com/english/standards/us-standards/api.html
● Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) International - J1694 - Dispenser Meter
Performance Test Procedure: https://www.sae.org/

These are just some of the methods used to monitor autogas quantities at gas stations. The
specific approach may vary depending on the station's size, resources, and regulatory
requirements.

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