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Fabrics and Accessories

This document discusses traditional accessories from Indonesia, including ancient earrings and pendants in the shape of omegas and bells, as well as Dayak peoples' earrings and bells shaped like hornbills and dragons. The accessories are made from materials like gold, copper alloys, and glass and date back to 500 BCE.

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Jazzer Salazar
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15 views6 pages

Fabrics and Accessories

This document discusses traditional accessories from Indonesia, including ancient earrings and pendants in the shape of omegas and bells, as well as Dayak peoples' earrings and bells shaped like hornbills and dragons. The accessories are made from materials like gold, copper alloys, and glass and date back to 500 BCE.

Uploaded by

Jazzer Salazar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDONESIA NATIONAL FABRICS

Batik is a dyed fabric that is often used to create long lengths for saris and other traditional garments.
The intricacy of the design means it is harder to make than some fabrics. In terms of construction, most
batik is either made from 100% cotton or 100% rayon. It tends to be a delicate fabric and therefore must
be washed with care, either on a gentle cycle or by hand washing. Batik is unsuitable for tumble drying
and should only be air-dried to avoid any damage.

History of Batik
The origins of batik fabric are traced back to Java in Indonesia, which is located in Southeast Asia. The
earliest uses of the fabric can also be found in Singapore. Nigeria, India, Sri Lanka and Malaysia. It still
remains a large part of the culture of Indonesia, and the fabric is widely used in celebrations and rituals.
The manufacture is pretty complex, but the dyeing process allows for many different patterns to be
created, which is one of the reasons why it is still in high demand today. Batik is considered a vital part
of Indonesian history that UNESCO designated it as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage in
October 2009.

How is Batik made?


The method for making batik is called wax-resistant dyeing. The fabric artist uses the liquid wax in a tool
called a tjanting which has a spout so they can draw the patterns into the fabric. Patterns can also be
stamped on with a copper cap tool. Once the design is complete, the material can be dyed, and once the
colour is set, the wax is removed with boiling water. Some of the designs are drawn and dyed multiple
times to get different colour effects.
Another method used in batik fabric creation is the salt dye technique. Salt is placed into the fabric and
sucks the liquid dye towards it. To get the best results, the fabric needs to be pulled taut as this creates
streaks of colour. The results of salt dyeing are unpredictable and challenging to control. However, they
are nonetheless beautiful and unique.

Types of Batik fabric

Inland Batik

One of the most traditional variations, the fabric uses early tones such as brown, blue and black.
Sometimes the designer will use a white background with symbolic colour patterns.
Coastal Batik

This variant comes from Madura and North Java and is easy to identify because of the vibrancy of the
colours used. It is inspired by the marine industry in the area, with Pekalongan and Madura
manufacturing the most.

Sundanese Batik

Sundanese Batik generally has a blues influence and was traditionally dyed with Indigofera, which is one
of the most traditional blue shades found in the Java region. Sundanese Batik is also referred to as
Parahyangan Batik.

Sumatran Batik

Batik from the coastal region in North Java is identifiable because it is dyed with clay. The patterns are
animal and plant-based, and to ensure colour saturation, the fabric is soaked in clay for a few days, and
the designs are added afterwards.

Balinese Batik

Manufacturing batik in Bali is considered contemporary batik as it has only been produced for a short
period of time. The newer designs often do not follow traditional designs when it comes to style and
patterns but use the wax-resistant process to create in-demand fabrics that can be used for formal or
casual clothing and soft furnishings.
INDONESIA NATIONAL ACCESSORIES

These ancient accessories were the Basic Omega Form, also called as the Open Oval, is endemic
throughout Southeast Asia and is often said to be a fertility symbol resembling a stylized vagina. It first
appears in about 500 BCE in the jade earrings of Austronesian peoples in Taiwan, the Philippines,
southern and central Vietnam, where manufacturing sites have been discovered. The greatest variety of
form and dimension were found in Indonesia. While most remained as earrings, on the island of Sumba
in the Lesser Sundras they would achieve their largest and most baroque forms worn on clothing and as
pendants. These found such fame that the omega form is often referred to by Sumbanese name
mamuli. The omega forms pictured are from Flores, Southeast Maluku, Sumba and Central Sulawesi
(Gold, gold alloy, 18th – 19th century.
This large cast ear pendant (Metal, metal alloy, possibly 16th century or earlier, Height: 10.7 cm) with
spiral ornament, cast bells and glass bells, found in east Kalimantan, is a rare type.
Copper alloy bells are among the most common early objects found throughout Indonesia. This cast bell
(Copper alloy, 16th century or earlier, height: 5.7cm) is in the shape of the hornbill, the sacred bird of the
Dayak peoples of Kalimantan.

These pairs of cast golden-hued earrings (Copper alloy, 19th century or earlier) Left, Width: 3.9cm and
right, width: 5.2cm , of the Dayak peoples of Kalimantan, are the shape of double-headed dragong-dogs,
a mythological animal known as aso.

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